进气畸变条件下的矿用对旋主通风机失速起始机理研究.pdf

工程硕士学位论文 进气畸变条件下进气畸变条件下的的矿用对旋主通风机矿用对旋主通风机 失速起始机理失速起始机理研究研究 Study on Stall Inception Mechanism of Coal Mine Contra-rotating Main Fan under Inlet Distortion 作作 者者 邹璐瑶邹璐瑶 导导 师师 陈庆光陈庆光 教授教授 山东科技大学 二〇二〇年六月 万方数据 中图分类号 TH432 学校代码 10424 UDC 密 级 山东科技大学 工程硕士学位论文 进气畸变条件下进气畸变条件下的的矿用对旋主通风机失速起始机理矿用对旋主通风机失速起始机理研究研究 Study on Stall Inception Mechanism of Coal Mine Contra-rotating Main Fan under Inlet Distortion 作 者 邹 璐 瑶 入学时间 2017.09 导 师 陈 庆 光 职 称 教 授 副 导 师 马 明 国 职 称 研究员 申请学位 工 程 硕 士 所在学院 机械电子工程学院 学科（类别） 工程硕士 方向（领域） 动力工程 答辩日期 2020 年6 月 提交日期 2020 年 6 月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学位 论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。 作为申请学位的条件之一，学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其指定机构送 交论文的电子版和纸质版；有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库发表，并可 以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版；允许学校档案馆和图书馆保留学位论文的 纸质版和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所 或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权） 作者签名导师签名 日 期 年 月 日日 期 年 月 日 万方数据 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的学位论文，除所列参考文献和世所公认的文献外，全部是 本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包 含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集 体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 若有不实之处，本人愿意承担相关法律责任。 学位论文作者签名 年 月日 万方数据 学位论文审查认定书学位论文审查认定书 研究生 在规定的学习年限内，按照培养方案及个人培养计划，完成了课 程学习，成绩合格，修满规定学分；在我的指导下完成本学位论文，论文中的观点、数据、 表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定，同意将本论文作为申请学位 论文。 导师签名 日 期 万方数据 摘摘 要要 随着对煤矿主通风机设备在工况范围和运行稳定性、安全性方面要求的不断提高，矿 用对旋主通风机在小流量工况下运行时的气动不稳定性问题也越来越突出，当进口畸变等 某些因素导致风机运行在近失速工况时，就可能造成叶片裂纹甚至折断等重大安全事故， 给整个矿井带来严重后果。如果不对此进行深入细致的研究，将无法保证风机运行的稳定 性和安全性，也不能满足当前智能化矿山建设的需要。 因此，本文在系统地总结和借鉴国内外在航空发动机及相关领域已有研究成果的基础 上，开展进气畸变条件下矿用对旋主通风机失速起始机理及其传播与发展规律研究，不仅 可为矿用主通风机运行中的失速预报（避免发生失速）和实施主动控制提供理论依据，而 且可为在设计阶段提高风机的气动稳定性奠定理论基础，因而具有重要的理论意义和工程 应用价值。 本文以一台压入式矿用对旋主通风机为研究对象，首先数值分析了 3 种进气条件（无 畸变进口、弯管进口畸变、复杂进口畸变）下对旋通风机内部非定常流动特征及其特性。 然后重点针对无畸变进口和复杂进口畸变两种进气条件下，将 DES（分离涡模拟）技术和 出口节流阀模型应用于对旋风机全流道内非定常流动的数值模拟。基于数值模拟结果的分 析，获得了小流量近失速工况下，对旋风机失速起始扰动的首发位置、扰动类型；根据流 场的非定常变化特征，揭示了不同进气条件下失速起始扰动的产生机理及其传播与发展规 律；在进气畸变条件下，模拟了两级叶轮叶顶间隙泄漏流动的动态变化过程，探讨了对旋 叶轮对失速扰动向下游传播的抑制能力；考察了失速涡团的发展对对旋风机径向和轴向流 场的影响。 研究结果表明，在两种进气条件下，对旋风机两级叶轮失速起始扰动均发生在叶顶区 域，在无畸变进口条件下，失速起始扰动首先发生在前级叶轮内，而在复杂进口畸变条件 下，后级叶轮中首先发生失速起始扰动；前级叶轮失速起始扰动类型为“突尖型” ，失速 起始扰动伴随着“前缘溢流”与“尾迹反流”现象的产生而出现，后级叶轮失速起始扰动 类型为“突尖型” ；后级叶轮叶根处虽然在失速起始阶段也存在低速扰动区，但是此处扰 动与叶顶区扰动是各自独立形成的，最终两者在叶片吸力面的尾缘附近融合并发展。 在所考察的无畸变进口和复杂进口畸变两种进气条件下，尽管对旋风机失速起始扰动 的产生与发展规律在某种程度上是相似的，但是失速起始扰动在两级叶轮中出现的先后顺 序以及失速涡团对对旋风机内部流场的影响程度与范围方面则存在差异。与无畸变进口条 件相比，复杂畸变进口条件下对旋风机失速起始扰动的发生有所提前，叶片通道内的涡核 尺寸更大，分布范围也更广，失速涡团对对旋风机径向与轴向流场的影响更显著，气流脉 动也更强。 关键词关键词进气畸变；对旋风机；旋转失速；分离涡模拟；叶顶间隙泄漏流动 万方数据 Abstract With the continuous improvement of the requirements on the range of operating conditions, operating stability and safety of the main fan equipment in coal mine, the aerodynamic instability of the mine main fan under low flow rates is becoming more and more prominent. When some factors such as inlet distortion cause the fan to run in the near-stall condition, it may cause safety accidents such as blade crack or even fracture, which will bring serious situations to the coal mine. Without in-depth and meticulous research on this, the stability and safety of fan operation cannot be guaranteed, nor can it satisfy the needs of the current intelligent mine construction. Therefore, on the basis of systematically summarizing and referring to the existing research achievements in aero-engine and related fields at home and abroad, this thesis carries out the study on the mechanism of stall inception and its propagation and development in coal mine contra-rotating main fan under the condition of inlet distortion. It can not only provide theoretical basis for stall prediction avoiding the occurrence of stall and implementation of active control in coal mine main fan operation, but also lay theoretical foundation for improving the aerodynamic stability of the fan in the design stage, so it has important theoretical significance and engineering value. In the thesis, a coal mine contra-rotating main fan for forced type ventilation is taken as the study object. Firstly, the unsteady flow characteristics and perance of the fan under three inlet conditions uni inlet, elbow inlet distortion and complex inlet distortion are analyzed numerically. Then, the study focuses on the uni inlet and complex inlet distortion conditions. The DES（Detached Eddy Simulation）technique and outlet throttle valve model are applied to the numerical simulation of unsteady flow in the full flow passage of the fan. Based on numerical analysis, the location of the stall inception disturbance initially occurred in the fan and the type of the stall inception disturbance are obtained under near-stall conditions with low flow rate; the generation mechanism, propagation and development of the stall inception disturbance are revealed under different conditions according to the unsteady flow field characteristics of the fan; Under the inlet distortion condition, the dynamic evolution processes of tip clearance leakage flow for the two impellers are simulated, the suppression ability of contra-rotating impellers to the downstream propagation of stall disturbances is explores, and the influence of the development of the stall vortex on the radial and axial flow fields of the contra-rotating fan is investigated. The results show that under the two kinds of distorted inlet conditions, the stall inception disturbances of the two impellers of contra-rotating fan all occur in the tip region of the blades. 万方数据 Under the uni inlet condition, the stall inception phenomenon occurs firstly in the front stage impeller, while under the complex distortion condition, the stall inception phenomenon occurs firstly in the rear stage impeller. The stall inception in the front stage impeller is “spike-type”, and the stall inception appears with the emergence of “leading edge overflow” and “trailing edge backflow”, and the stall inception in the rear stage impeller is also “spike-type”. Although low-speed disturbance exists in the region near the blade root of the rear impeller, the low-speed disturbance and disturbance in the blade tip region are ed independently. The disturbances eventually merge and develop near the trailing edge of the blade suction surface. Although the occurrence and development of the stall inception in the contra-rotating fan under the uni inlet and complex inlet distortion conditions are similar to some extent, the sequence of the stall inception disturbances in the two impellers, the degree and range of the influence of the stall vortex on the internal flow field of the fan are different. Compared with the uni inlet condition, the occurrence of the stall disturbance in the contra-rotating fan is slightly earlier under the complex distortion condition, the size of the vortex cores in blade channels is larger, the distribution range is wider, the influence of stall vortex on radial and axial flow fields is more significant, and the fluctuation of the airflow in the fan is stronger. Keywords inlet distortion; contra-rotating fan; rotating stall; Detached Eddy Simulation; tip clearance leakage flow 万方数据 目目 录录 图清单..Ⅰ 表清单..V 变量注释表..VI 1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景与意义 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 通风机的旋转失速 ......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 国内外研究现状 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.4 本文主要研究内容 ......................................................................................................... 6 1.5 本文研究的技术路线 ..................................................................................................... 7 2 对旋风机内部复杂流动的数值模拟方法 ............................................................................... 8 2.1 对旋风机 ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 对旋风机内部流场的数值模拟方法 ........................................................................... 10 2.3 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 13 3 稳定工况下的风机内部流动特征 ......................................................................................... 14 3.1 对旋风机全流道几何模型与网格划分 ....................................................................... 14 3.2 边界条件 ....................................................................................................................... 16 3.3 稳定工况的数值模拟结果与分析 ............................................................................... 16 3.4 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 21 4 无畸变进气条件下的对旋风机失速起始特性分析 ............................................................. 22 4.1 无畸变进气条件下的对旋风机全流道几何模型 ....................................................... 22 4.2 边界条件 ....................................................................................................................... 22 4.3 无畸变进气条件下的对旋风机内部流动特征 ........................................................... 23 4.4 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 39 5 复杂畸变进气条件下的对旋风机失速起始特性分析 ......................................................... 41 5.1 复杂畸变进气条件下的对旋风机全流道几何模型 ................................................... 41 5.2 复杂畸变进气条件下的对旋风机内部流动特征 ....................................................... 41 5.3 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 57 6 结论与展望 ............................................................................................................................. 59 6.1 结论 ............................................................................................................................... 59 6.2 创新点 ........................................................................................................................... 60 万方数据 6.3 展望 ............................................................................................................................... 60 参考文献 作者简介 致谢 学位论文数据采集 万方数据 Contents List of Figures..Ⅰ List of Tables..V List of Variables..VI 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background and significance of the research .................................................................. 1 1.2 Rotating stall of fan ......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Current research status at home and abroad .................................................................... 2 1.4 Research contents ............................................................................................................ 6 1.5 Technical route ................................................................................................................ 7 2 Numerical simulation of internal complicated flow in contra-rotating fan ......... 8 2.1 Contra-rotating fan .......................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Numerical simulation s of internal flow field of contra-rotating fan ................ 10 2.3 Chapter summary .......................................................................................................... 13 3 Internal flow characteristics of fan under steady condition .............................................. 14 3.1 Geometirc model and grid division of full flow passage of contra-rotating fan ........... 14 3.2 Boundary conditions ..................................................................................................... 16 3.3 Numerical simulation and analysis of steady condition ................................................ 16 3.4 Chapter summary .......................................................................................................... 21 4 Analysis of stall inception characteristics of contra-rotating fan under uni inlet condition ....................................................................................................................................... 22 4.1 Geometric model of full flow passage of contra-rotating fan under uni inlet condition ................................................................................................................................. 22 4.2 Boundary conditions ..................................................................................................... 22 4.3 Internal flow Characteristics of contra-rotating fan under uni inlet condition ...... 23 4.4 Chapter summary .......................................................................................................... 39 5 Analysis of stall inception characteristics of contra-rotating fan under complex distortion inlet condition ............................................................................................................. 41 5.1 Geometric model of full flow passage of contra-rotating fan under complex inlet condition ................................................................................................................................. 41 5.2 Internal flow characteristics of contra-rotating fan under complex distortion inlet condition ................................................................................................................................. 41 万方数据 5.3 Chapter summary .......................................................................................................... 57 6 Conclusions and prospects .................................................................................................... 59 6.1 Conclusions ................................................................................................................... 59 6.2 Inovation points ............................................................................................................. 60 6.3 Prospects ........................................................................................................................ 60 Ref