煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统研究.pdf

全日制全日制硕士学位论文硕士学位论文煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统研究 Research on Fault Diagnosis System of Coal Mine Main Fan 作者姓名张一辙导师姓名田立勇副教授学科专业机械工程研究方向机械电子工程完成日期 2020 年 8 月 11 日辽宁工程技术大学 Liaoning Technical University 万方数据学位论文书脊样式学位论文书脊样式论煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统研究张一辙辽宁工程技术大学万方数据关于学位论文使用授权的说明关于学位论文使用授权的说明本学位论文作者及指导教师完全了解辽宁工程技术大学辽宁工程技术大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意辽宁工程技术大学辽宁工程技术大学保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和磁盘，允许论文被查阅和借阅，学校可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编本学位论文。保密的学位论文在解密后应遵守此协议。学位论文作者签名____________导师签名_____________ 年月日年月日万方数据中图分类号TP277学校代码10147 UDC621密级公开辽宁工程技术大学全日制全日制硕士学位论文硕士学位论文煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统研究 Research on Fault Diagnosis System of Coal Mine Main Fan 作者姓名张一辙学号 471720060 导师姓名田立勇（副教授）副导师姓名（教授）申请学位工学硕士培养单位机械工程学院学科专业机械工程研究方向机械电子工程二○二○年八月万方数据致致谢谢在论文即将完成之际，回想三年的研究生生涯，有每日针对问题时的冥思苦想，也有见证成果时的心花怒放，这些情感的交汇，一点一滴的构成了我三年的成长，在我的青春岁月中，添加了浓墨重彩的一笔。首先，由衷的感谢我的导师田立勇副教授，论文从选题、研究到撰写都是在他的指导下完成的。导师认真的态度，严谨的治学风格使我受益终身。在三年的学习和生活中，导师给予了我大力的支持和巨大的帮助，在论文完成之际，谨向导师田立勇致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢。论文的顺利完成，离不开我所在的母校辽宁工程技术大学，尤其是齐潘国副教授在选题和研究的思路上给予了指导，陈洪月教授在论文框架构建，各章细节安排中给予了很多的意见，实验室的于宁老师在实验设备上给予了大力的支持，同组的师弟师妹们在实验平台搭建和实验测试等方面给予了很大的帮助，还有特别感谢山西中煤华晋能源有限责任公司袁国虎工程师，在现场实验中给予我很多理论指导和技术支持。感谢我的同门师兄弟们对我学习和生活中的关怀与帮助，让我能够快乐的度过研究生的三年时光。感谢一路上的朋友和亲人对我的理解和帮助，是你们的支持和鼓励给了我信心让我继续走下去。最后感谢在我研究过程中给我提出宝贵意见的老师、专家和教授们，感谢您们提供的宝贵意见。万方数据 I 摘摘要要煤矿主扇风机是煤矿安全生产中的重要设备之一，具有稀释瓦斯等有害气体和调节井下气候温度的作用。因而为保证煤矿主扇风机可靠工作，对其进行故障诊断具有极其重要的作用，能够为创建良好的井下生产环境，确保人员安全和其他设备的正常运行提供有利的保障。本文重点研究煤矿主扇风机信号特征值提取及故障诊断的新方法，解决传统方法中存在的噪声干扰、识别困难等问题，进而提高特征值的提取准确率和诊断的正确率。主要研究内容如下首先，以煤矿主扇风机机械故障诊断为研究对象，综述了国内外故障诊断技术的发展现状，重点分析了国内外煤矿主扇风机故障诊断技术的研究现状。基于煤矿主扇风机的结构特点和主要组成部件，对风机的机械故障进行了分析和研究，提炼并总结了不同故障类型的信号特征。其次，以实验中采集的数据为基础，根据信号特征，进行处理方法研究。采用经验模态分解方法（EMD），能够反映信号的局部特征和物理变化，存在模态混叠的问题。在 EMD 基础上进一步研究，提出 CEEMD 的方法，消除了部分模态混叠和残余噪声。为更精准的进行特征提取，引入独立成分分析（ICA）的方法，有效的提升了信号提取和处理的准确性，并将 CEEMD 与 ICA 相结合的方法作为故障特征的提取方法。在此基础上，研究并设计了煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统，并进行系统实现。最后，搭建风机实验台，模拟了风机碰摩、松动与偏心三种故障，利用煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统对模拟风机进行故障监测与诊断，当出现故障时，系统能够及时、准确的进行报警，同时将故障信息进行实时存储，并通过学习的方式不断完善风机的特征数据库，充分验证了该系统的有效性和可行性。再进行现场实验，将煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统应用于实际的生产中，通过数据采集、处理和自学习，实现设备故障诊断，该系统具有一定的实际应用价值。该论文有图 92 幅，表 16 个，参考文献 71 篇。关键词关键词煤矿主扇风机；机械故障诊断；CEEMD-ICA；状态监测；特征提取万方数据 II Abstract Main fan is one of the important equipment in the safe production of coal mine. It has the function of diluting gas and other harmful gases and regulating underground climate temperature. Therefore, in order to ensure the reliable operation of the coal mine main fan, fault diagnosis plays an extremely important role, which can provide favorable guarantee for creating a good downhole production environment, ensuring personnel safety and normal operation of other equipment. This paper mainly studies the new of extracting the characteristic value of the signal of the main fan of coal mine and fault diagnosis, and solves the problems of noise interference and identification difficulty in the traditional s, so as to improve the accuracy of extracting the characteristic value and diagnosis accuracy. The main research contents are as follows Firstly, taking the mechanical fault diagnosis of coal mine main fan as the research background, the development status of fault diagnosis technology at home and abroad is summarized, and the research status of fault diagnosis technology of coal mine main fan at home and abroad is emphatically analyzed. Based on the structural characteristics and main components of the main fan in coal mine, the mechanical faults of the fan are analyzed and studied, and the signal characteristics of different fault types are extracted and summarized. Secondly, based on the data collected in the experiment, the processing is studied according to the signal characteristics. The Empirical Mode Decomposition EMD can reflect the local characteristics and physical changes of signals, and there is the problem of modal aliasing. On the basis of EMD, the CEEMD is proposed to eliminate some modal aliasing and residual noise. In order to extract features more accurately, Independent Component Analysis ICA is introduced to effectively improve the accuracy of signal extraction and processing, and CEEMD combined with ICA is taken as the extraction of fault features. On this basis, the fault diagnosis system of coal mine main fan is studied and designed, and the system is implemented. Finally, a fan test stand was built to simulate three faults of fan rubbing, loosening and eccentricity. The fault diagnosis system of the main fan of the coal mine was used to monitor and diagnose the simulated fan. When a fault occurs, the system can alarm in time and accurately,at the same time, the fault ination is stored in real time, and the feature database of the wind turbine is continuously improved through learning, which fully verifies the effectiveness and 万方数据 III feasibility of the system.Then conduct field experiments, apply the fault diagnosis system of the main fan of the coal mine to actual production, and realize the equipment fault diagnosis through data collection, processing and self-learning. The system has certain practical application value. Keywords Coal mine main fan; Mechanical fault warning; CEEMD-ICA; Condition monitoring; Feature extraction 万方数据 IV 目目录录摘摘要要............................................................................................................................................. I I 目目录录...........................................................................................................................................IVIV 图清单图清单.......................................................................................................................................VIIIVIII 表清单表清单.......................................................................................................................................XIIIXIII 变量注释表变量注释表.................................................................................................................................XIVXIV 1 1 绪论绪论.............................................................................................................................................. 1 1 1.1 课题的研究背景及意义.......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外故障诊断技术发展及现状.......................................................................................... 1 1.3 煤矿主扇风机故障诊断技术研究现状.................................................................................. 6 1.4 本文主要研究内容.................................................................................................................. 8 2 2 煤矿主扇风机故障机理研究煤矿主扇风机故障机理研究....................................................................................................1010 2.1 煤矿主扇风机基本结构及工作原理.................................................................................... 10 2.2 旋转机械振动表征分析........................................................................................................ 11 2.3 煤矿主扇风机故障机理分析................................................................................................ 13 2.4 本章小结................................................................................................................................ 23 3 3 煤矿主扇风机信号分析与处理方法研究煤矿主扇风机信号分析与处理方法研究................................................................................2424 3.1 故障诊断分析方法................................................................................................................ 24 3.2 基于小波包变换的信号预处理研究.................................................................................... 27 3.3 基于经验模态分解方法的信号处理研究............................................................................ 30 3.4 基于互补总体平均经验模态分解方法的信号处理研究.................................................... 33 3.5 基于独立成分分析方法的信号处理研究............................................................................ 37 3.6 基于 CEEMD-ICA 方法的信号处理研究................................................................................ 41 3.7 本章小结................................................................................................................................ 46 4 4 煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统研究煤矿主扇风机故障诊断系统研究............................................................................................4747 4.1 系统功能需求分析................................................................................................................ 47 4.2 故障诊断系统设计总体方案................................................................................................ 47 4.3 本章小结................................................................................................................................ 56 5 5 故障诊断系统实验研究故障诊断系统实验研究............................................................................................................5757 万方数据 V 5.1 风机模拟实验研究................................................................................................................ 57 5.2 煤矿主扇风机实验研究........................................................................................................ 69 5.3 本章小结................................................................................................................................ 75 6 6 结论与展望结论与展望................................................................................................................................7676 6.1 结论........................................................................................................................................ 76 6.2 创新点.................................................................................................................................... 76 6.3 展望........................................................................................................................................ 77 参考文献参考文献.......................................................................................................................................7878 附录附录 I I............................................................................................................................................8282 作者简历作者简历.......................................................................................................................................8484 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明...................................................................................................................8585 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集...........................................................................................................................8686 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract...........................................................................................................................................I Contents........................................................................................................................................IV List of Figures...........................................................................................................................VIII List of Tables.............................................................................................................................XIII List of Variables........................................................................................................................XIV 1Introduction..................................................................................................................................1 1.1 The Research Background and Significance of this Subject.....................................................1 1.2 The Development of Fault Diagnosis Technology at Home and Abroad..................................1 1.3 Research Status of Fault Diagnosis Technology of Main Fan in Coal Mine.............................6 1.4 Main Research Contents............................................................................................................8 2 Study on Failure Mechanism of Main Fan in Coal Mine......................................................10 2.1 Basic Structure and Working Principle of Coal Mine Main Fan.............................................10 2.2Analysis of Vibration Characteristics of Rotating Machinery.................................................11 2.3 Failure MechanismAnalysis of Main Fan in Coal Mine.........................................................13 2.4 Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................23 3 Study on SignalAnalysis and Processing of Coal Mine Main Fan........................ 24 3.1 Fault Diagnosis Analysis ............................................................................................24 3.2 Research on Signal Preprocessing Based on Wavelet Packet Trans................................27 3.3 Research on Signal Processing Based on Empirical Modal Decomposition ............. 30 3.4 Research on Signal Processing Based on Complementary Population Mean Empirical Mode Decomposition ..................................................................................................................33 3.5 Research on Signal Processing Based on Independent Component Analysis.........................37 3.6 Research on Signal Processing Based on CEEMD-ICA............................................41 3.7 Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................46 4 Research on Fault Diagnosis System of Coal Mine Main Fan..............................................47 4.1 System Functional Requirements Analysis..............................................................................47 4.2 Overall Scheme of Fault Diagnosis System Design................................................................47 4.3 Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................56 5 Experimental Study on Fault Diagnosis System....................................................................57 万方数据 VII 5.1 Experimental Study on Fan Simulation...................................................................................57 5.2 Experimental Study on Main Fan in Coal Mine......................................................................69 5.3 Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................75 6 Conclusion and Prospect..........................................................................................................76 6.1 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................76 6.2 Innovation Points.....................................................................................................................76 6.3 Expectation................................................................................................................

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