矿用振动筛状态监测与故障诊断分析研究.pdf

工程硕士学位论文 矿用振动筛状态监测与故障诊断分析研究矿用振动筛状态监测与故障诊断分析研究 Study on Condition Monitoring and Fault DiagnosisAnalysis of Mine Vibrating Screen 作作者者韩韩越越 导导师师姜姜雪雪副副教授教授 山东科技大学 二〇二〇年六月 万方数据 中图分类号TP277学校代码10424 UDC密级公开 山东科技大学 工程硕士学位论文 矿用振动筛状态监测与故障诊断分析研究矿用振动筛状态监测与故障诊断分析研究 Study on Condition Monitoring and Fault DiagnosisAnalysis of Mine Vibrating Screen 基金支持基金支持国家重点研发计划“深部煤矿井下智能化分选及就地充填关 键技术装备研究与示范”资助 2018YFC0604702 作者韩越入学时间2017.09 导师姜雪职称副 教 授 副 导 师马士龙职称高级工程师 申请学位工程硕士所在学院 机械电子工程学院 学科（类别） 工程硕士方向（领域）机械工程 答辩日期2020.6.11提交日期2020.6.17 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学 位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。 作为申请学位的条件之一，学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其指定机构 送交论文的电子版和纸质版；有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库发表， 并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版；允许学校档案馆和图书馆保留学位 论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文； 为教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图 书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权） 作者签名导师签名 日期2020 年 6 月 15 日日期2020 年 6 月 15 日 万方数据 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的学位论文，除所列参考文献和世所公认的文献外，全部 是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文 不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。 对本文的研究做出贡献的个 人和集体， 均已在文中以明确方式标明。 本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 若有不实之处，本人愿意承担相关法律责任。 学位论文作者签名 2020 年 6 月 15 日 万方数据 学位论文审查认定书学位论文审查认定书 研究生在规定的学习年限内，按照培养方案及个人培养计划，完成了课 程学习，成绩合格，修满规定学分；在我的指导下完成本学位论文，论文中的观点、数据、 表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定，同意将本论文作为申请学位 论文。 导师签名 日期2020 年 6 月 15 日 万方数据 摘摘要要 矿用振动筛是煤炭洗选行业的关键设备之一，主要应用于对原煤进行分级、脱泥、脱 水等。由于矿用振动筛长期在恶劣的环境下高负荷运转，使得筛机的主要部件频繁发生故 障，给洗选煤行业造成了较大的经济损失，故障严重时甚至能够造成人员的伤亡。因此研 究如何对矿用振动筛进行状态监测以及故障诊断与预警，具有重要的学术价值与实用意 义。 文章首先应用 ANSYS 软件对矿用振动筛整体以及激振器大梁进行了模态分析，通过 研究各阶振型，找出了侧板与大梁在各阶固有频率下形变较大的位置，并以此为依据设计 了对侧板与大梁损伤的监测方案。为了探究筛箱异常振动故障机理，建立了基于支撑弹簧 刚度的振动筛动力学模型，并通过 ADAMS 软件对振动筛的运动过程进行了仿真分析，得 出支撑弹簧的振动位移与相位不一致会引起筛箱不同形式的偏摆。应用 LabVIEW 软件编 写了获取支撑弹簧振动位移与相位的算法程序，设计了筛箱异常振动故障监测方案。在激 振器轴承故障的研究中，首先对滚动轴承的故障机理进行了分析，采用基于小波降噪的 EEMD 包络解调算法获取激振器轴承的故障信息，并通过仿真验证了算法的有效性，进而 设计了激振器轴承的故障监测方案。 基于上述理论研究， 本文将 LabVIEW 软件与 MATLAB 软件相结合，开发了矿用振动筛状态监测与故障诊断软件系统，用以监测矿用振动筛的运 行状态，并对大梁与侧板损伤、筛箱异常振动以及激振器轴承故障进行数据采集与故障诊 断。最后在现场对系统进行应用测试，验证了系统的有效性与实用价值。 关键词关键词矿用振动筛；振动分析；状态监测；故障诊断分析；LabVIEW 万方数据 Abstract Mine vibrating screen is one of the key equipment in coal washing and selecting industry. It is mainly used for classification, desilting and dewatering of raw coal. As the mine vibrating screen has been running under heavy load in a bad environment for a long time, the main parts of the screen machine frequently fail, which causes huge economic losses to the coal washing industry and serious failure can even cause casualties. Therefore, it is of great academic and practical significance to study how to carry out condition monitoring, fault diagnosis and early warning on mine vibrating screen. Firstly, the modal analysis of the whole vibrating screen and the girder of the vibration exciter is carried out with ANSYS software. By studying the vibration patterns of each order, the larger deation positions of the side plate and girder at each natural frequency are found out. Based on this, the damage monitoring scheme of the side plate and girder is designed. In order to explore the failure mechanism of abnormal vibration of vibrating screen box, a dynamic model of vibrating screen is established based on the stiffness of supporting spring, and the motion process of vibrating screen is simulated by ADAMS software. It shows that the inconsistent vibration displacement of the supporting spring will cause abnormal vibration of vibrating screen box in different s. LabVIEW software is used to design an algorithm program to obtain the vibration displacement and phase of the supporting spring, so as to improve the abnormal vibration fault monitoring scheme for vibrating screen box. In the study of bearing failure in vibration exciter, the failure mechanism of rolling bearing is analyzed firstly. Next, the EEMD envelope demodulation algorithm based on wavelet denoising is proposed to obtain fault ination of the vibration exciter bearing, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by simulation experiments. And then the fault monitoring scheme of the vibration exciter bearing is designed. Based on the above theoretical research, this paper combines LabVIEW and MATLAB to develop a condition monitoring and fault diagnosis software system for mine vibrating screen. The system is used to monitor the operating condition of mine vibrating screen, and to carry out data acquisition and fault diagnosis for damage of girder and side plate, abnormal vibration of vibrating screen box and fault of vibration exciter bearing. Finally, the effectiveness and practical value of the system are verified by the field application test. Finally, the effectiveness and practical value of the system are verified by the application test on site. Keywords Mine vibrating screen; Vibration analysis; Condition monitoring; Fault diagnosis analysis; LabVIEW 万方数据 目目录录 图清单..............................................................................................................................................I 表清单.............................................................................................................................................V 变量注释表...................................................................................................................................VI 1 绪 论........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景与课题来源...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 振动筛故障监测在国内外的研究现状.......................................................................... 1 1.3 目的与意义...................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 主要研究工作.................................................................................................................. 7 2 振动筛工作原理及模态分析..................................................................................................... 9 2.1 振动筛结构组成与工作原理.......................................................................................... 9 2.2 振动筛的故障类型.........................................................................................................11 2.3 振动筛模态分析............................................................................................................ 12 2.4 大梁与侧板损伤监测方案设计.................................................................................... 19 2.5 本章小结........................................................................................................................ 20 3 矿用振动筛筛箱异常振动机理分析与监测........................................................................... 21 3.1 筛箱异常振动故障机理................................................................................................ 21 3.2 支撑弹簧振动位移与相位的获取................................................................................ 28 3.3 筛箱异常振动故障监测方案设计................................................................................ 33 3.4 本章小结........................................................................................................................ 33 4 矿用振动筛激振器轴承故障监测与分析............................................................................... 34 4.1 激振器轴承故障机理分析............................................................................................ 34 4.2 基于小波降噪的 EEMD 包络解调算法.......................................................................38 4.3 旋转机械滚动轴承故障信号分析................................................................................ 45 4.4 激振器轴承故障监测方案设计.................................................................................... 49 4.5 本章小结........................................................................................................................ 50 5 矿用振动筛状态监诊断系统的开发....................................................................................... 51 5.1 系统硬件部分设计........................................................................................................ 51 5.2 系统软件部分设计........................................................................................................ 57 5.3 现场测试........................................................................................................................ 64 5.4 本章小结........................................................................................................................ 69 万方数据 6 结论与展望............................................................................................................................... 64 6.1 主要结论........................................................................................................................ 66 6.2 研究内容展望................................................................................................................ 67 参考文献 作者简历 致谢 学位论文数据集 万方数据 Contents List of Figures.................................................................................................................................I List of Tables..................................................................................................................................V List of Variables...........................................................................................................................VI 1Introduction..............................................................................................................................1 1.1Research background and subject source....................................................................... 1 1.2Research status of vibration screen fault monitoring at home and abroad.....................1 1.3Purpose and meaning......................................................................................................7 1.4Main research work........................................................................................................ 7 2Working principle and modal analysis of vibrating screen................................................. 9 2.1Structure composition and working principle of vibrating screen..................................9 2.2Fault types of vibrating screen......................................................................................11 2.3Modal analysis of vibrating screen...............................................................................12 2.4Damage monitoring scheme design for girder and side plate.......................................19 2.5Chapter summary..........................................................................................................20 3Mechanism analysis and monitoring on abnormal vibration of mine vibrating screen box.................................................................................................................................................21 3.1Failure mechanism of abnormal vibration of vibrating screen box..............................21 3.2Acquisition of vibration displacement and phase of supporting spring........................28 3.3Design of abnormal vibration fault monitoring scheme for vibrating screen box........33 3.4Chapter summary..........................................................................................................33 4Fault monitoring and analysis of bearing in mine vibrating screen exciter.....................34 4.1Failure mechanism analysis of vibration exciter bearing............................................. 34 4.2EEMD envelope demodulation algorithm based on wavelet denoising.......................38 4.3Fault signal analysis of rolling bearing of rotating machinery.....................................45 4.4Design of fault monitoring scheme for vibration exciter bearing.................................49 4.5Chapter summary..........................................................................................................50 5Development of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system for mine vibrating screen.............................................................................................................................................51 5.1Hardware design of system...........................................................................................51 5.2Software design of system............................................................................................57 5.3Field test........................................................................................................................64 万方数据 5.4Chapter summary..........................................................................................................69 6Conclusion and prospect.......................................................................................................64 6.1Main conclusion............................................................................................................66 6.2Prospect of research content.........................................................................................67 References Authors Resume Acknowledgements Thesis Data Collection 万方数据 I 图清单 图序号图名称页码 图 2.1驱动装置 9 Fig.2.1Actuating device9 图 2.2激振器 9 Fig.2.2Vibration exciter9 图 2.3支撑弹簧 10 Fig.2.3Support spring10 图 2.4振动筛筛箱10 Fig.2.4Vibrating screen body10 图 2.5圆振动筛工作原理10 Fig.2.5Working principle of circular vibrating screen10 图 2.6直线振动筛工作原理11 Fig.2.6Working principle of linear vibrating screen11 图 2.7振动筛简化模型 13 Fig.2.7Simplified model of vibrating screen13 图 2.8激振器大梁三维模型 14 Fig.2.83D model of vibration exciter crossbeam14 图 2.9MDMS2461-B 型振动筛网格划分模型 15 Fig.2.9Mesh generation model of MDMS2461-B vibrating screen15 图 2.10激振器大梁网格划分模型15 Fig.2.10Mesh generation model of vibration exciter crossbeam15 图 2.11MDMS2461-B 型振动筛结构模态振型图17 Fig.2.11Modal vibration diagram of MDMS2461-B vibrating screen structure17 图 2.12激振器大梁部分模态振型图18 Fig.2.12Partial modal vibration diagram of vibration exciter crossbeam18 图 2.13传感器安装示意图 19 Fig.2.13Sensor installation diagram19 图 3.1系统单自由度动力学模型 22 Fig.3.1One degree of freedom dynamic model of system22 图 3.2系统二自由度动力学模型 22 Fig.3.2Two degree of freedom dynamic model of system22 图 3.3系统三自由度动力学模型23 万方数据 II Fig.3.3Three degree of freedom dynamic model of system23 图 3.4ADAMS 仿真流程图25 Fig.3.4Simulation flow chart ofADAMS25 图 3.5振动筛运动仿真模型 25 Fig.3.5Motion simulation model of vibrating screen25 图 3.6仿真设置面板 26 Fig.3.6Simulation settings panel26 图 3.7弹簧座测点位置示意图 26 Fig.3.7Schematic diagram of measuring point position of spring seat26 图 3.8单自由度振动测点位移曲线图27 Fig.3.8Movement diagram of measuring point when one degree of freedom vibration27 图 3.9二自由度振动时筛箱弹簧座位移曲线图27 Fig.3.9Movement diagram of measuring point when two degree of freedom vibration27 图 3.10三自由度振动时筛箱弹簧座位移曲线图27 Fig.3.10Movement diagram of measuring point when two degree of freedom vibration27 图 3.11数据处理流程图 29 Fig.3.11Data processing flow chart29 图 3.12切比雪夫滤波器程序原理图 30 Fig.3.12Chebyshev filter program schematic30 图 3.13消除趋势项程序图 31 Fig.3.13Eliminate trend item program diagram31 图 3.14信号处理程序图32 Fig.3.14Signal processing program diagram32 图 3.15滤波前后对比32 Fig.3.15Contrast before