近距离煤层群卸压区回采工作面开采技术研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 近距离煤层群卸压区回采工作面开采技术研究 Study on Mining Technology of the Working Face in Pressure Relief Area of Close Multiple Coal Seams 作 者樊海亮 导 师方新秋 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一四年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 TD325 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 近距离煤层群卸压区回采工作面开采技术研究 Study on Mining Technology of the Working Face in Pressure Relief Area of Close Multiple Coal Seams 作 者 樊海亮 导 师 方新秋 教授 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 矿山压力与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 李学华 评 阅 人 曹胜根、樊银辉 二○一四年五月 万方数据 61 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明所呈交的学位论文近距离煤层群卸压区回采工作面开采技术研 究 ，是本人在导师指导下，在中国矿业大学攻读学位期间进行的研究工作所取得的 成果。据我所知，除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体 已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以 明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名 年 月 日 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的 学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文 的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可 以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学 校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园 网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生 学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 论文审阅认定论文审阅认定书书 研究生 樊海亮 在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案的要 求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学位论 文,经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格 式符合学校的相关规定，同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致谢致谢 本论文是在导师方新秋教授的悉心指导下完成，在此论文的撰写过程中，无论是 在学术研究和论文写作方面，还是在日常生活中，方老师都给予了我极大的帮助，正 是由于他无私的指导和帮助，此论文才得以顺利完成。在此，对方老师的无私关怀和 指导表达我最崇高的敬意和最真挚的感谢。 本论文在完成过程中得到了薛广哲博士、 刘宗柱硕士、 刘晓宁硕士、 谢小平硕士、 吴刚硕士、梁敏富硕士、王刚硕士、颜邦华硕士、袁保宁硕士的帮助，正是由他们学 术上的倾力相助和积极的学习科研态度，激励着我努力学习钻研专业知识，在此对他 们表示衷心的感谢。 在现场研究工作中得到了华晋焦煤有限责任公司领导和工程技术人员大力的支 持，并引用了沙曲矿相关地质资料和数据，在此表示衷心的感谢 最后特别感谢各位专家、学者在百忙之中对本篇论文的审阅，并殷切期望得到您 们的批评指正 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 目前，我国在单一煤层工作面的开采技术研究方面取得了丰硕的成果，但对近距 离煤层群卸压区回采工作面开采技术研究较少，还有许多问题值得深入研究。 本文以沙曲矿近距离煤层群地质条件为基础，对25102试采工作面进行前期矿压 观测，得到在观测期间，工作面没有初次来压和周期来压，工作面超前支承压力影响 范围约为30m，应力集中系数为1.81；工作面支架平均支护阻力为2420kN，占支架额 定工作阻力的46.5，支架的工作阻力利用率还有待提高。通过理论分析和数值模拟 对34号煤层区段煤柱下应力分布规律进行研究，得出下煤层距煤柱边缘水平距离 2.4m以外为卸压区， 25102试采工作面及25301工作面均布置在卸压区范围内； 通过理 论分析，研究了卸压区回采工作面矿压显现规律和覆岩运动规律，确定上煤层工作面 开采对底板的破坏深度为4.63m，层间距仅5.5m，因此受上煤层回采影响较严重，随 着25301工作面的向前推进，两层煤间5.5m厚的直接顶和11m高的24301工作面冒落矸 石发生冒落，将采空区填满，冒落带总高度约为16.5m，24301工作面的基本顶位于 25301工作面裂隙带中，24301工作面的冒落矸石破碎成块，无法成为结构，因此在 25301工作面的回采过程中，不会出现初次来压和周期来压；通过数值模拟研究了卸 压区工作面覆岩应力分布及位移规律，验证了矿压显现规律理论分析的准确性。对卸 压区回采工作面的采场围岩稳定性进行研究， 提出了合理的工作面及端头支护方案和 回采巷道超前支护技术，并确定了工作面初采措施，确保工作面的安全高效开采；对 卸压区回采工作面开采技术进行可行性分析， 其研究结果和方法可为类似条件下的开 采设计提供依据和借鉴。 该论文有图 41 幅，表 7 个，参考文献 65 篇。 关键词关键词近距离煤层群；卸压区；采场围岩；矿压显现规律 万方数据 II Abstract At present, we have gotten great achievements in study of mining technology of single coal seam, but the results of research on the mining technology of the working face in pressure relief area of close coal seams is less, there are still many problems that deserve in-depth studies. Based on the geological structure of close coal seams at Shaqu coal mine, the pressure observation of No.25102 working face shows that there are not first weighting and periodic weighting, the influence scope of the lead abutment pressure is 30 m, stress concentration coefficient is 1.81; the average supporting resistance of support is 2420kN, which is 46.5 of the rated working end resistance, the utilization rate of support working resistance remains to be improved. The law of stress distribution on the floor of section coal pillar of No.34 coal seam researched by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, it shows that the area 2.4 m away from the edge of coal pillar is in pressure relief area, so No.25102 working face and No.25301 working face are both in pressure relief area. The strata-pressure behavior and moving law of overburden are studied by theoretical analysis; the failure depth in floor of the upper working face is determined to be 4.63m, while the interlayer distance is only 5.5 m, so it is influenced badly by mining of the upper coal seam. With No.25301 working face advancing, caving zone of No.25301 working face is 5.5m of rocks between two coal seams and 11 m of gangue of No.24301 working face, total height is 16.5 m, basic roof of No.24301 working face is in fracture zone of No.25301 working face, gangue of No.24301 working face is broken into blocks and can not be a structure, so there are not first weighting and periodic weighting when mining. The stress and displacement distribution of the mining stope are studied by numerical simulation, the strata-pressure behavior law is verified. The stability of surrounding rock of mining stope of the working face in pressure relief area is studied, reasonable support schemes of face and tailgate and advanced support technology of roadways are determined, and the initial mining measures are taken which can ensure the safety and efficiency of working face. The feasibility of mining technology of working face in pressure relief area is analyzed, and the research results and s can be used as reference and guidance for mining under the similar conditions. This thesis has 41 figures, 7 tables and 65 references. Keywords close multiple coal seams；pressure relief area；surrounding rock of mining stope；strata-pressure behavior 万方数据 III 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................................ I 目目 录录 ..................................................................................................................................... III 图清单图清单 .................................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单 ....................................................................................................................................... X 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 引言 ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 课题背景及意义 ................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................................. 2 1.4 主要研究内容、方法和研究路线 ..................................................................................... 6 2 下煤层试采工作面矿压显现规律研究下煤层试采工作面矿压显现规律研究 ................................................................................ 8 2.1 下煤层试采工作面地质条件简介 ..................................................................................... 8 2.2 下煤层试采工作面矿压显现规律 ..................................................................................... 9 2.3 本章小结 ........................................................................................................................... 17 3 卸压区回采工作面开采理论研究卸压区回采工作面开采理论研究 ...................................................................................... 18 3.1 25301 工作面概况 ............................................................................................................. 18 3.2 煤柱下应力场分布规律理论分析 ................................................................................... 21 3.3 卸压区回采工作面覆岩运动规律理论分析 ................................................................... 24 3.4 本章小结 ........................................................................................................................... 31 4 卸压区回采工作面开采数值模拟研究卸压区回采工作面开采数值模拟研究 .............................................................................. 32 4.1 UDEC 软件简介 ................................................................................................................ 32 4.2 煤柱下应力场分布规律数值模拟研究 ........................................................................... 32 4.3 卸压区回采工作面覆岩运动规律数值模拟研究 ........................................................... 36 4.4 本章小结 ........................................................................................................................... 44 5 卸压区回采工作面开采技术及可行性分析卸压区回采工作面开采技术及可行性分析 ...................................................................... 45 5.1 卸压区回采工作面开采技术研究 ................................................................................... 45 5.2 可行性分析 ....................................................................................................................... 51 5.3 本章小结 ........................................................................................................................... 52 6 主要结论主要结论 .............................................................................................................................. 53 万方数据 IV 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 55 作者简历作者简历 .................................................................................................................................. 59 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 .............................................................................................................. 61 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ...................................................................................................................... 63 万方数据 V Contents Abstract .................................................................................................................................... II Contents .................................................................................................................................... V List of figures ........................................................................................................................ VII List of tables ............................................................................................................................. X 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 The Background and Significance of the Subject ................................................................ 2 1.3 Research Actuality at Home and Abroad .............................................................................. 2 1.4 Main Research Contents and s ................................................................................. 6 2 Research on Strata-pressure Behavior Law of Testing Face in Lower coal seam ........... 8 2.1 Geological Conditions of Testing Face in Lower coal seam ................................................ 8 2.2 The Strata-pressure Behavior Law of Testing Face in Lower coal seam ............................. 9 2.3 Brief Summary ................................................................................................................... 17 3 Theoretical Analysis on Mining of the Working Face in Pressure Relief Area .............. 18 3.1 Overview of No.25301 Working Face ................................................................................ 18 3.2 Theoretical Analysis on Stress Field Distribution under Coal Pillar .................................. 21 3.3 Theoretical Analysis on Overburden Moving Regularity of the Working Face in Pressure Relief Area ................................................................................................................. 24 3.4 Brief Summary ................................................................................................................... 31 4 Numerical Simulation Research on Mining of the Working Face in Pressure Relief Area .......................................................................................................................................... 32 4.1 Profile of UDEC ................................................................................................................. 32 4.2 Study on Numerical Simulation of Stress Field Distribution under Coal Pillar ................. 32 4.3 Study on Numerical Simulation of Overburden Moving Regularity of the Working Face in Pressure Relief Area ............................................................................................................. 36 4.4 Brief Summary ................................................................................................................... 44 5 Mining Technology of the Working Face in Pressure Relief Area and Feasibility Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 45 5.1 Mining Technology of the Working Face in Pressure Relief Area ..................................... 45 万方数据 VI 5.2 Feasibility Analysis ............................................................................................................ 51 5.3 Brief Summary ................................................................................................................... 52 6 Main Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 53 References ............................................................................................................................... 55 Author’s Resume .................................................................................................................... 59 Declaration of Thesis Originality .......................................................................................... 61 Thesis Data Collection ........................................................................................................... 63 万方数据 VII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 研究技术路线 7 Fig.1-1 Technical way of thesis research 7 图 2-1 25102 工作面俯视图 8 Fig.2-1 The profile of No.25102 working face 8 图 2-2 工作面测站布置图 10 Fig.2-2 Arrangement plan of observation station in working face 10 图 2-3 钻孔应力计布置图 10 Fig.2-3 The layout of borehole stressmeter 10 图 2-4 回采巷道测站布置图 10 Fig.2-4 The observation station layout of roadways 10 图 2-5 下部测站支架的 P-L 变化曲线 11 Fig.2-5 The support P-L curve of lower part observation station 11 图 2-6 中部测站支架的 P-L 变化曲线 11 Fig.2-6 The support P-L curve of middle part observation station 11 图 2-7 上部测站支架的 P-L 变化曲线 11 Fig.2-7 The support P-L curve of upper part observation station 11 图 2-8 25102 工作面整面支架的 P-L 变化曲线 12 Fig.2-8 The support P-L curve of No.25102 working face 12 图 2-9 下部测站支架阻力分布频率 13 Fig.2-9 The lower part observation support resistance distribution frequency 13 图 2-10 中部测站支架阻力分布频率 13 Fig.2-10 The middle part observation support resistance distribution frequency 13 图 2-11 上部测站支架阻力分布频率 13 Fig.2-11 The upper part observation support resistance distribution frequency 13 图 2-12 25102 工作面整面支架阻力分布频率 1