综放开采断层应力分布特征与冲击危险评价研究.pdf

分类号分类号TD324TD324密密级级 公公开开 U D CU D C 单位代码单位代码 1042410424 学学 位位 论论 文文 综放开采断层应力分布特征综放开采断层应力分布特征综放开采断层应力分布特征 综放开采断层应力分布特征 与冲击危险评价研究与冲击危险评价研究与冲击危险评价研究 与冲击危险评价研究 李李 成成 成成 申请学位级别申请学位级别硕士学位硕士学位专业专业名名称称采矿工程采矿工程 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名蒋蒋 金金 泉泉职职称称教教授授 山山 东东 科科 技技 大大 学学 二零一零年五月二零一零年五月 论文题目论文题目论文题目 论文题目 综放开采断层应力分布特征综放开采断层应力分布特征综放开采断层应力分布特征 综放开采断层应力分布特征 与冲击危险评价研究与冲击危险评价研究与冲击危险评价研究 与冲击危险评价研究 作者姓名作者姓名作者姓名 作者姓名 李李 成成 成成入学时间入学时间入学时间 入学时间 200720072007 2007 年年 9 9 9 9 月月 专业名称专业名称专业名称 专业名称 采矿工程采矿工程研究方向研究方向研究方向 研究方向 矿山压力及其控制矿山压力及其控制 指导教师指导教师指导教师 指导教师 蒋蒋 金金 泉泉职职职 职 称称称 称 教教授授 论文提交日期论文提交日期论文提交日期 论文提交日期 201020102010 2010 年年 5 5 5 5 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期论文答辩日期 论文答辩日期 201020102010 2010 年年 6 6 6 6 月月 授予学位日期授予学位日期授予学位日期 授予学位日期 RESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCH RESEARCH ONONON ON THETHETHE THE IMPACTIMPACTIMPACT IMPACT OFOFOF OF RISKRISKRISK RISK ASSESSMENTASSESSMENTASSESSMENT ASSESSMENT ANDANDAND AND THETHETHE THE D D D D ISTRIBUTIONISTRIBUTIONISTRIBUTION ISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS OFOFOF OF F F F F AULTAULTAULT AULT STRESSSTRESSSTRESS STRESS DURINGDURINGDURING DURING FULLYFULLYFULLY FULLY MECHANIZEDMECHANIZEDMECHANIZED MECHANIZED SUBLEVELSUBLEVELSUBLEVEL SUBLEVEL CAVINGCAVINGCAVING CAVING MININGMININGMINING MINING A A A A DissertationDissertationDissertation Dissertation tedtedted ted ininin in fulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillment fulfillment ofofof of thethethe the requirementsrequirementsrequirements requirements ofofof of thethethe the degreedegreedegree degree ofofof of MASTERMASTERMASTER MASTER OFOFOF OF PHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHY PHILOSOPHY fromfromfrom from ShandongShandongShandong Shandong UniversityUniversityUniversity University ofofof of ScienceScienceScience Science andandand and TechnologyTechnologyTechnology Technology b b b b y y y y LiLiLi Li ChengchengChengchengChengcheng Chengcheng SupervisorSupervisorSupervisor Supervisor ProfessorProfessorProfessor Professor JiangJiangJiang Jiang JinquanJinquanJinquan Jinquan CollegeCollegeCollege College ofofof of NaturalNaturalNatural Natural ResourcesResourcesResources Resources andandand and EnvironmentalEnvironmentalEnvironmental Environmental EngineeringEngineeringEngineering Engineering MayMayMay May 201020102010 2010 声声明明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文，除了所列参考文献和世所公本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文，除了所列参考文献和世所公 认的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于其认的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于其 它任何学术机关作鉴定。它任何学术机关作鉴定。 硕士生签名硕士生签名 日日期期 AFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATION AFFIRMATION I I I I declaredeclaredeclare declare thatthatthat that thisthisthis this dissertation,dissertation,dissertation, dissertation, tedtedted ted ininin in fulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillment fulfillment ofofof of thethethe the requirementsrequirementsrequirements requirements forforfor for thethethe the awardawardaward award ofofof of MasterMasterMaster Master ofofof of PhilosophyPhilosophyPhilosophy Philosophy ininin in ShandongShandongShandong Shandong UniversityUniversityUniversity University ofofof of ScienceScienceScience Science andandand and Technology,Technology,Technology, Technology, is is is is whollywhollywholly wholly mymymy my ownownown own workworkwork work unlessunlessunless unless referencedreferencedreferenced referenced ofofof of acknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge. acknowledge. TheTheThe The documentdocumentdocument document hashashas has notnotnot not beenbeenbeen been tedtedted ted forforfor for qualificationqualificationqualification qualification atatat at anyanyany any otherotherother other academicacademicacademic academic institute.institute.institute. institute. SignatureSignatureSignature Signature DateDateDate Date 山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 摘摘要要 冲击地压是世界范围内煤矿严重的自然灾害之一。我国大多数矿井的煤层与岩层都 具有不同程度的冲击倾向性，特别是随着我国煤矿开采深度以每年约 20m 的深度不断增 加，冲击地压矿井越来越多，危害性越来越严重，已成为制约我国煤矿安全高效生产的 主要灾害之一。断层构造区域厚煤层放顶煤开采的采动应力分布异常，冲击地压灾害多 发，断层区域冲击地压研究在理论、预测方法及综合防治等方面还有大量的研究工作要 做。 兴隆庄七采区采深较大，况且南面与五采区采空区相邻，北面是矿区边界煤柱，区 内断层较多，需要留设较多的断层煤柱，从而大大增加了冲击危险性。 本文针对兴隆庄煤矿七采区冲击地压防治的实际需要，采用离散元数值模拟、理论 分析、现场试验研究等方法，对相邻采空区煤柱采动应力变化规律与煤柱宽度优化、平 行工作面煤壁断层的采动应力演化规律、平行回采巷道断层的采动应力转移规律、冲击 地压危险区进行了深入的研究。 采用离散元数值模拟和理论分析研究了相邻采空区煤柱的采动应力变化规律和煤柱 宽度优化。研究表明开采过程中所留设的煤柱，受两侧采空区的影响而产生压力叠加， 形成较高的煤柱支承压力；随着工作面的推进，煤柱中的双峰应力逐渐合二为一，应力 峰值并逐渐增大，在煤柱附近及其上下方的应力集中区内，最容易产生冲击地压；通过 研究不同煤柱尺寸条件下的煤柱应力分布规律、并结合理论研究和现场实际情况，得出 了合理煤柱尺寸，为兴隆庄七采区留设合理的采区隔离煤柱提供了科学依据。根据研究 成果，7305 工作面留设了 45m 的采区隔离煤柱。 采用离散元数值模拟，研究了平行工作面煤壁断层的采动应力演化规律及高应力集 中区域。研究表明随着工作面由断层下盘向断层推进时，工作面支承压力逐渐增加， 随支承压力集中程度的升高，有可能产生冲击危险；工作面过断层后断层煤柱上的应力 集中在工作面推进初期比较小，随后逐渐增大，最后趋于稳定；远离断层推进过程中， 应力峰值明显小于接近断层推进过程中的应力峰值，冲击危险性较小。 研究了平行回采巷道断层的采动应力转移规律及高应力集中区域。研究表明由于 断层的切割使支承压力很少传递到采空区侧向断块以外的煤体上，主要在工作面前方形 成高应力集中区。巷道与断层之间的煤柱尺寸越小，在煤柱中形成的应力就越大，在巷 山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 道中就越容易发生冲击危险。 根据数值模拟得到的支承压力演化特征及高应力集中区的范围，采用多因素耦合分 析方法划定了七采区 7305、7301、7302 工作面中的高度及中度危险区，为冲击地压的监 测与防治提供了科学的依据。 关键词关键词兴隆庄煤矿；综放开采；断层；煤柱；冲击地压；数值模拟；应力分布；危险 区 山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 ABSTRACTABSTRACTABSTRACT ABSTRACT Rock burst is one of the serious natural disasters of coal mine in the worldwide. Coal seams and the rock stratums of our majority coal mines have varying degrees of impact of bias, coal and rock outburst extremely serious in the critical depth, particularly with Chinas coal mining depth increasing by twenty metres a year, rockburst becoming more and more serious, and it has become one of Chinas major disasters which restricted the safety and efficient production of our mine. Disturbance stress of thick coal seam sub-level caving mining distributed abnormally. rockburst accured frequently.there are a lot of rock burst research to be done in theory, forecasting s and integrated control offault region. Xinglongzhuang coal mine haslarger mining depth in mining area seven. Moreover, it adjacent to five mining area gob in the south, and mining coal pillar in the north. There are many fault in this area, so it need to remain more fault coal pillar,thereby greatly increasing the risk of impact. This paper in connection with the actual needs of rockburst control of Xinglongzhuang coal mine area seven, near mined-out area mining variation of dynamic stress and optimization of coal pillar width, mining-induced stress distribution of fault parallelled roadway, mining- induced stress transfer rule of fault parallelled face and rockburst danger zone was studied by using discrete element numerical simulation, theoretical analysis, field test research s. Near mined-out area mining variation of dynamic stress and optimization of coal pillar width was studied by using discrete element simulation, andtheoretical analysis. Studies have shown that coal pillars leaving in the process of Mining, generate pressure superposition caused by both sides of the mined-out area, and higher abutment pressure;as the face advanced, the bimodal stress in the coal pillar gradually merged, the stress peaks gradually increased the stress concentration zone up and downof the coal pillar and near it most likely to have rock burst; stress distribution of different sizes of coal pillar was studied, and combined with theoretical research and field realities reached a reasonable size of coal pillars of 43.8m46.4m, provide a scientific basis forleaving a reasonable coal pillar in mining area seven of Xinglongzhuang coal mine. Based on the results, a 45m of mining area coal pillar was leaving in 7305 face. 山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 Evolution of mining stress and high stress concentration region of fault parallelled to the face was studied by using discrete element simulation. Studies have shown that As the working face advanced from footwall to the fault abutment pressure gradually increased. with the increase of concentration of abutment pressure, may have an impactrisk;After the face passed fault, Stress concentrationisrelatively small at first, then greater, finally tend towards stability; in the process of advancing awayfrom the fault, the peak stress significantly less than the peak stress created in the coal pillar when the face advancing towards the fault. Mining stress transfer rule and high stress concentration region of fault parallelled to the roadway. Studies have shownthat abutment pressure rarely passed to the coal outside the fault due to the cut of the fault, high stress concentration area was created infront of the face. the pillar size smaller betweenroadway and the fault, the abutment pressure greater in the coal pillar, the rockburst risk was more easier to happen in the roadway. According to numerical simulation, the abutment pressure evolution and high stress concentration region was obtained. 7305,7301,7302 face of high and moderate risk areas in mining area sevse was designated by using multi-factor analysis, provides a scientific basis for the rockburst monitoring and control. K K K K eywordseywordseywords eywords Xinglongzhuang coal mine; sub-level caving mining;fault, coal pillar; rockburst; numerical simulation;abutment pressure distribution; danger zone 山东科技大学硕士学位论文目录 IX 目目录录 1 1 1 1 绪论绪论绪论 绪论 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1.1 课题的提出......................................................................................................................................1 1.2 冲击地压的国内外研究现状.....................................................................................................2 1.3 断层应力分布与冲击危险评价研究现状..............................................................................9 1.4 课题研究的主要内容、研究方法和技术路线...................................................................12 2 2 2 2 七采区地质条件七采区地质条件七采区地质条件 七采区地质条件 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141414 14 2.1 采区概况..................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 采区地质情况............................................................................................................. 15 2.3 7305 工作面地质概况................................................................................................. 16 2.4 平行工作面煤壁断层概况......................................................................................... 19 2.5 平行于回采巷道断层概况......................................................................................... 20 2.6 本章小结..................................................................................................................... 22 3 3 3 3 相邻采空区煤柱采动应力变化规律与煤柱宽度优化研究相邻采空区煤柱采动应力变化规律与煤柱宽度优化研究相邻采空区煤柱采动应力变化规律与煤柱宽度优化研究 相邻采空区煤柱采动应力变化规律与煤柱宽度优化研究 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232323 23 3.1 煤柱集中应力引起冲击地压分析............................................................................. 23 3.2 煤柱采动应力变化规律与煤柱宽度优化数值模拟研究......................................... 24 3.3 7305 工作面停采线合理煤柱尺寸优化..................................................................... 33 3.4 本章小结..................................................................................................................... 44 4 4 4 4 平行工作面煤壁断层的采动应力演化规律研究平行工作面煤壁断层的采动应力演化规律研究平行工作面煤壁断层的采动应力演化规律研究 平行工作面煤壁断层的采动应力演化规律研究 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454545 45 4.1 平行工作面煤壁断层的采动应力转移特征............................................................. 45 4.2 平行工作面煤壁断层的采动应力演化规律数值模拟............................................. 47 4.3 本章小结..................................................................................................................... 57 5 5 5 5 平行回采巷道断层的采动应力转移规律研究平行回采巷道断层的采动应力转移规律研究平行回采巷道断层的采动应力转移规律研究 平行回采巷道断层的采动应力转移规律研究 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585858 58 5.1 肖家庄二号断层数值模拟......................................................................................... 58 5.2 肖家庄三号断层数值模拟......................................................................................... 61 5.3 本章小结..................................................................................................................... 65 6 6 6 6 七采区冲击危险性评价与危险区划分七采区冲击危险性评价与危险区划分七采区冲击危险性评价与危险区划分 七采区冲击危险性评价与危险区划分 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676767 67 山东科技大学硕士学位论文目录 X 6.1 宏观评价方法............................................................................................................. 67 6.2 七采区冲击危险综合指数评价................................................................................. 70 6.3 工作面冲击地压危险性的多因素耦合评价..................