综采工作面喷雾降尘理论及应用研究.pdf
工程硕士专业学位论文 综采工作面喷雾降尘理论及应用研究 Research on the Theory and Application of Dust-settling Technology by Spray in Fully Mechanized Face 作 者句海洋 校内导师凌标灿 教授 校外导师王凤志 高工 华北科技学院 二零一五年六月 国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05042-001)资助项目 万方数据 中图分类号 X936 学校代码 11104 UDC 密 级 公开 华北科技学院 工程硕士专业学位论文 综采工作面喷雾降尘理论及应用研究 Research on the Theory and Application of Dust- settling Technology by Spray in Fully Mechanized Face 作 者 句海洋 校内导师 凌标灿 校外导师 王凤志 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 研究生处 学科专业 安全工程 研究方向工业卫生及职业危害防治 答辩委员会主席 周心权 评 阅 人 倪文耀、吴北平 二○一五年六月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解华北科技学院有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理,即①研究生在校攻读学位 期间论文工作的知识产权单位属于华北科技学院,学校有权保存并向国家有关部 门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许学位论文被查阅(除在保密期内的保 密论文外);②为教学和科研目的,学校可以公布学位论文的全部或部分内容, 可以允许使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文,学校可以将公 开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、 浏览。另外,根据有关法规,同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 (保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书)。 本学位论文属于 □保密,在 年解密后适用本授权书。 □不保密,同意在校园网上发布,供校内师生和与学校有共享协议的单位 浏览。 (请在以上相应方框内打“√”) 作者签名 校内导师签名 年 月 日 校外导师签名 年 月 日 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 在规定的学习年限内,按照研究生培养方案的要 求, 完成了研究生课程的学习, 成绩合格; 在我的指导下完成本学位论 文,经审阅,论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文撰写 格式符合学校的相关规定,同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专家评 审。 校内导师签字 校外导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致致 谢谢 本人的硕士研究工作顺利开展即将按期完成,得益于恩师凌标灿教授的悉心 教导与帮助。导师谦恭厚德、博学笃行,性情豪爽而关怀细腻,利物不争而胸怀大 义,深深地教育和督促了学生。凌教授不仅在学术上给予学生具体指导,而且在工 作生活上寄予了亲切关怀,在此,谨向恩师表示深深的谢意和崇高的敬意 感谢中矿龙科能源科技 (北京) 股份有限公司以及大屯煤电集团为本文提供了 良好的科研环境与现场实践机会,大屯煤电集团各位领导的大力支持与倾心配合 确保本文的研究工作顺利开展。 感谢校外导师开滦集团王凤志高工, 在论文完成过 程中,给予论文现场内容章节的指导与帮助。为期三年的硕士学习生涯,期间得到 研究生处处长徐景德教授的数次指导与教诲, 无论在学业还是生活方面, 徐教授为 人师表,深深影响了学生在以后工作学习方面的为人处世方式;在论文写作过程中, 徐处长对论文的修改工作提出了宝贵意见,在此向徐教授致以最真挚的谢意 感谢国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05042-001)对论文的资助,项目组为我提供 了宝贵的学习机会, 感谢项目组成员郑贵强老师、 付晓龙博士在科研领域给我的启 发,使我领略到年轻科研工作者应有的科研素养。 感谢师弟李坤、魏尧和师妹苗欢、杨舒迪,在我撰写论文过程中,帮助我共同 完成部分章节的资料整理,师门情谊今生不忘。谨代表师门五人,再一次感谢老师 为各位研究生提供良好的学习和工作环境。 在父亲的殷切期盼下, 即将顺利完成漫漫二十载求学路, 感激之词溢于言表; 拜谢母亲在家里不辞劳苦、 无怨无悔的无私奉献, 得以保证有一个完整、 温馨的家, 为我提供良好的学习环境。爱是陪伴与包容,感谢女朋友马娜,在我完成硕士论文 期间的体谅与关怀。 感谢在百忙中抽出时间对本论文给予评阅和指导的各位老师,殷切期望得到 更多的批评指导。向各位老师表示崇高的敬意 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 由于科学技术的进步, 机械化采煤装备在煤矿井下得以广泛应用, 但随着而来 的问题是综采工作面粉尘浓度居高不下,严重威胁着煤矿井下的安全生产和职工 的身心健康。 随着国家对职业危害防治工作的逐步重视, 对于综采工作面粉尘的防 治工作以及如何降低到相关标准以下,目前仍然是矿井安全生产亟待解决的问题 之一。 本文利用基础理论分析、 数值实验、 实验测试和工程应用试验相结合的方法, 系统研究综采工作面喷雾降尘理论及应用情况, 形成本论文的知识结构体系。 在论 文完成过程中,前往现场调研、了解综采工作面布置情况,及采煤机运行过程中的 粉尘浓度分布规律,将采集的数据进行进行定性、定量分析,并运用数值模拟的方 法,分析综采工作面风流场分布规律及粉尘分布、迁移规律。 通过对龙东煤矿 7141 综采工作面分析研究,结合粉尘运动理论,以 7141 综 采工作面为物理模型, 在风流粉尘离散相的物理模型和边界条件基础上, 对风流 场中粉尘运移规律进行数值模拟,通过对比分析,归纳总结出综采工作面风流、粉 尘浓度分布规律。由于综采工作面产尘强度大,另外采煤机自身所携带的内、外喷 雾容易损坏导致喷雾降尘效果不理想, 在前述研究基础上, 根据综采工作面实际特 点, 进行针对综采工作面的粉尘防治技术设计; 本文针对采煤机附近主要产尘源及 粉尘扩散范围, 优化设计出一种高速水射流负压降尘装置, 此装置使用空气助力喷 嘴, 在低压水源情况下提供速度极高的水射流雾团, 形成包围产尘源的 “水雾墙” , 阻止粉尘的扩散, 同时由于负压场的存在进一步控尘、 吸尘, 并及时湿润使其沉降。 本论文有图 62 幅,表 15 个,参考文献 100 篇。 关键词关键词综采工作面;射流雾化;喷雾降尘;数值模拟;负压降尘 万方数据 II Abstract Due to the progress of science and technology, mechanized mining equipment has been widely used in coal mine. But the problem followed it is that dust concentration in the fully mechanized face is so high that seriously threats the coal mine safety production and the staffs physical and mental health. With the gradual attention of occupational hazard prevention payed by the government, how to control the dust in the fully mechanized face and make the dust concentration lower than the relevant standards, is still one of the mine safety production problems. By using the combined theoretical analysis, experimental test, numerical experiment and engineering application, the theory and application of dust-settling by spray in fully mechanized coal face has been systematically studied, and the knowledge structure system of this thesis has been ed. During the process finishing this paper, field investigation has been made, and layout in the fully mechanized face as well as the concentration distribution law of cutting dust has been understood. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the collected data has been carried out. By using the numerical simulation , the distribution law of air-flow field the distribution and migration law of the dust in the fully mechanized face have been analyzed. Through the observation analysis of 7141 fully mechanized face in Longdong coal mine, combined with dust movement theory , using 7141 fully mechanized face as the physical model, based on the physical model of air flow-dust discrete phase and boundary condition, numerical simulation of dust movement in the air-flow field has been made. By comparison and summary, the law of air flow and dust concentration distribution has been concluded.Because of the high dust concentration in the fully mechanized face and the easily damaged spray carried by shear, the effect of dust-settling by spray is not ideal. On the basis of er researches, according to the actual characteristics of fully mechanized face, dust control technology has been designed. Aiming at the main dust source around the shear and the dust diffusion range, a optimized high-speed water jet dust control device has been designed. This device uses air assisted spray nozzle to provide extremely high velocity water jet mist in low water pressure, ing a ‘water wall’ around the dust source in order to prevent the dust diffusion. At the same time, because of the existence of the negative pressure field, dust can be further controlled and vacuumed, wet and settled in time. Key wordsfully mechanized face;jet atomization;dust-settling by spray;numerical simulation;dust-settling by negative pressure 万方数据 III 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ............................................................................................................................... I Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II Contents .......................................................................................................................... V 图清单图清单 .......................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单 ............................................................................................................................ XI 1 绪论绪论 ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 课题的提出 ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 喷雾降尘技术国内外研究现状 ................................................................................ 3 1.3 研究目的与意义 ........................................................................................................ 5 1.4 主要研究内容及研究方法 ........................................................................................ 5 1.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 7 2 射流雾化及喷雾降尘理论研究射流雾化及喷雾降尘理论研究 ................................................................................... 8 2.1 射流雾化机理研究 .................................................................................................... 8 2.2 含尘气流绕雾滴运动分析 ...................................................................................... 16 2.3 孤立液滴捕尘机理分析 .......................................................................................... 20 2.4 喷雾降尘机理及影响降尘效果的因素分析 .......................................................... 24 2.5 喷嘴选择及雾化实验 .............................................................................................. 27 2.6 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 35 3 综采工作面粉尘的分布规律综采工作面粉尘的分布规律 ..................................................................................... 37 3.1 综釆工作面粉尘来源 .............................................................................................. 37 3.2 综采工作面粉尘运动微观分析 .............................................................................. 37 3.3 综采工作面粉尘浓度及分散度测定及分布规律 .................................................. 42 3.4 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 47 4 采煤机截割粉尘扩散运移规律采煤机截割粉尘扩散运移规律的数值模拟的数值模拟 ............................................................. 48 4.1 计算流体动力学理论基础 ...................................................................................... 48 4.2 粉尘运动概述及数学模型 ...................................................................................... 49 4.3 综采工作面几何模型的建立及其网格生成 .......................................................... 55 4.4 数值模拟参数及边界条件的设定 .......................................................................... 57 4.5 综采工作面风流分布规律数值实验结果及分析 .................................................. 60 4.6 综采工作面粉尘浓度布规律数值实验结果及分析 .............................................. 65 万方数据 IV 4.7 数值模拟与现场实测对比分析 ............................................................................... 72 4.8 本章小结 ................................................................................................................... 72 5 负压二次降尘技术现场应用负压二次降尘技术现场应用 ...................................................................................... 73 5.1 应用现场概况 ........................................................................................................... 73 5.2 综采工作面负压二次降尘技术及装置的设计 ....................................................... 74 5.3 喷雾除尘方案实施前后降尘效果对比 ................................................................... 77 5.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................... 80 6 主要结论及展望主要结论及展望 .......................................................................................................... 81 6.1 主要结论 ................................................................................................................... 81 6.2 研究展望 ................................................................................................................... 82 参考文献参考文献 ......................................................................................................................... 83 作者简历作者简历 ......................................................................................................................... 89 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................... 911 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ............................................................................................................. 93 万方数据 V Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II Contents .......................................................................................................................... V List of Figures .............................................................................................................. VII List of Tables .................................................................................................................. XI 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 The putting forward of the issue ................................................................................. 1 1.2 Research status of dust settling technology by spray at home and abroad ................. 3 1.3 Research purpose and significance ............................................................................. 5 1.4 Main research contents and s .......................................................................... 5 1.5 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 7 2 Study on the theory of jet atomization and dust-settling by spray ......................... 8 2.1 Study on the mechanism of jet atomization ................................................................ 8 2.2 Movement analysis of airflow containing dust around the droplet .......................... 16 2.3 Mechanism of dust trapping in isolated droplets ...................................................... 20 2.4 The mechanism of dust-settling by spray and the analysis of the factors affecting the dust-settling ..................................................................................................................... 24 2.5 Nozzle selection and atomization experiment .......................................................... 27 2.6 Summary ................................................................................................................... 35 3 Distribution law of dust in fully mechanized face ................................................... 37 3.1 Source of dust in fully mechanized face ................................................................... 37 3.2 Micro analysis of dust movement in fully mechanized face .................................... 37 3.3 Dissertation Data Collection Determination and distribution of dust concentration and dispersion in fully mechanized face ................................................................................ 42 3.4 Summary ................................................................................................................... 47 4 Numerical simulation of the diffusion and migration of cutting dust ................... 48 4.1 The theory of computation fluid dynamics ............................................................... 48 4.2 Dust movement overview and its mathematical model ............................................ 49 4.3 The establishment of the geometrical model of the fully mechanized face and its mesh generation ........................................................................................................................ 55 4.4 The setting of numerical experiment parameters and boundary conditions ............. 57 万方数据 VI 4.5Numerical experimental results and its analysis of air distribution law of fully mechanized face .............................................................................................................. 60 4.6 Numerical experiment results and its analysis of dust concentration distribution in fully mechanized face ...................................................................................................... 65 4.7 Comparative analysis of numerical simulation and field measurement .................... 72 4.8 Summary ................................................................................................................... 72 5 Field