骑跨采动压大巷围岩变形机理与控制技术研究.pdf

国家重点实验室自主课题资助项目（SKLCRSM11X02） 硕士学位论文 骑跨采动压大巷 围岩变形机理与控制技术研究 Study on deation mechanism of the surrounding rock of riding mining roadway and control technology 作 者裴晓建 导 师徐金海 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一七年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 TD322 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 骑跨采动压大巷 围岩变形机理与控制技术研究 Study on deation mechanism of the surrounding rock of riding mining roadway and control technology 作 者 裴晓建 导 师 徐金海 教授 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 中国矿业大学 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 岩体力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 万志军 评 阅 人 李学华 宁建国 二○一七年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 致致 谢谢 时光荏苒、岁月如梭，转眼间研究生生涯即将结束。 本论文是在导师徐金海教授的悉心指导下顺利完成，从论文选题、思路完善 及结构调整上，徐老师都给予了高瞻远瞩的指导。没有导师的指导、鼓励及资金 上的大力支持，论文不可能得以顺利完成。此外，在论文框架的构建以及最后的 文理疏通、审阅定稿等每一步工作中，徐老师也都倾注了大量的心血和智慧。求 学期间，在导师的教诲和指导下，不但学到了丰富的专业知识，而且其渊博的学 识、严谨求实的治学态度、活跃的学术思想，将使学生永远受益。值此论文完成 之际，再次向徐老师致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢 研究生学习和生活期间，得到了课题组各位师兄弟真诚的帮助与支持，在此 特向潘立进、张兵兵、张根柱、刘鼎、苏赛、曹悦、陈秋宇、冯世兵、王瑞杰、 常志强、徐森茂等硕士表示深深的感谢；借此机会特别感谢课题组李冲副教授在 科研学术方面给予的无私的指导与引领，使我充满信心去面对未来艰辛之路。 感谢家人这三年来一直在背后默默的支持，使我顺利的完成了学业。 衷心感谢矿业工程学院老师们三年来在学习和生活上给予的关心、 鼓励和帮 助。 论文撰写过程中参阅了大量的文献， 在此对这些专家、 前辈致以深深的感谢。 感谢各位专家在百忙之中抽出时间评审本论文， 衷心希望能够得到您的指导 和帮助。 同时也感谢所有关心、 鼓励和帮助我的朋友、 亲人们， 谢谢你们的一路陪伴。 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 随着开采强度的加大， 巷道受到的应力扰动越来越频繁。 对于跨采动压巷道， 影响其围岩稳定性的因素很多，巷道的围岩控制一直是煤矿安全生产的难题， 当 上覆煤层工作面走向与下部底板巷道走向一致时，底板巷道围岩应力更加复杂， 巷道受动压影响更加强烈，其变形具有破坏速度快，破坏严重，破坏区域大的特 点，巷道围岩控制难度进一步加大。 本文以井东矿 4402 工作面跨采底板 9 煤大巷为背景，首先通过现场监测得 到了 4 煤顶板来压规律并分析了 4 煤矿压显现强烈程度；其次通过理论分析、数 值模拟等方法、深入研究了工作面底板破坏深度、 破坏影响因素以及底板应力传 播规律。 通过数值模拟，研究了上覆煤层采动作用下底板巷道围岩应力、 围岩变形以 及塑性区的变化规律； 分析了巷道稳定性空间影响因素，得出了跨采底板巷道围 岩稳定性与垂距和水平距离的关系。 对 9 煤底板大巷当前支护进行了分析， 阐述了上覆煤层采动作用下巷道失稳 机理；基于不等强让压支护原理，根据骑跨采特点提出了组合动态加固方案，对 9 煤底板大巷采动影响区域进行了划分，并针对不同区域给出了二次支护结构形 式和具体施工工艺。 设计了相应的现场观测研究方案， 得到了上方煤层工作面采动作用下巷道的 表面位移、顶板离层变化规律。监测结果表明，巷道围岩变形与顶板离层较小， 均在可控范围之内，表明该方案有效的控制了围岩的变形、保证了生产的正常运 行。 该论文有图 68 幅，表 10 个， 参考文献 65 篇。 关键词关键词骑跨采；应力传播；围岩变形；组合动态加固 万方数据 II Abstract With the increase of mining strength, the stress disturbance of roadway is more frequent. There are many factors that can affect the stability of surrounding rock in the dynamic mining roadway, and the problem of surrounding rock control is always difficult to tackle. Particularly, the stress of the surrounding rock is more complicated when working face of the overlying coal seam is in the same direction as that of the lower floor, which make dynamic pressure of the roadway more intense, and its deation has the characteristics of quick speed and large damage area. So that roadway rock control is more difficult . Based on the 9 coal roadway of the 4402 working face in Jing dong Mine, firstly ,the pressure law of 4 coal roof is obtained through in-situ monitoring and the strengthen of the coal seam pressure is analyzed. Secondly, through the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and other s, studied the depth of the work floor damage, damage factors and the stress propagation law of the bottom. Based on the numerical simulation, the changes of stress, deation and plastic zone of the floor roadway under the overlying coal seam are studied deeply. Meanwhile, stability of the surrounding rock between vertical distance and horizontal distance is obtained by analyzing the influence factors of the roadway stability. The current support of 9 coal floor is analyzed, and the mechanism of roadway instability under the overlying coal seam is elaborated. Based on the principle of unequal strength yield support, and the characteristics of riding mining roadway, proposed a combination of dynamic reinforcement project. The influence areas of 9 coal floor is divided, and the secondary support structure and concrete construction technology are provided for different areas. The corresponding field observation research project is designed, and the surface displacement and roof separation law of the roadway under the coal seam are obtained. The monitoring results show that deation of the surrounding rock and separation of the roof are small, both within the controllable range. The scheme effectively controls deation of the surrounding rock and ensures the normal operation of the mine production. The paper has together 68 figures,10 tables and 65 references. Key words riding mining； stress propagation； deation of surrounding rock； combination of dynamic reinforcement 万方数据 III 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ........................................................................................................................ III 图清单图清单 ....................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单 ........................................................................................................................ XI 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................... XII 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景.................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状...................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究主要内容.......................................................................................................... 6 1.4 研究方法及技术路线.............................................................................................. 6 2 地质概况地质概况 .................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 工作面概况.............................................................................................................. 8 2.2 断层分布................................................................................................................ 10 2.3 巷道支护现状及存在的问题................................................................................ 11 2.4 本章小结................................................................................................................ 13 3 采场底板变形破坏与应力传播规律采场底板变形破坏与应力传播规律 ...................................................................... 14 3.1 采场围岩应力分布............................................................................................... 14 3.2 4 煤工作面矿压显现规律..................................................................................... 17 3.3 采场底板破坏分析............................................................................................... 20 3.4 工作面底板采动应力传播规律数值分析............................................................ 27 3.5 本章小结................................................................................................................ 33 4 骑跨采动压巷道围岩变形与破坏数值分析骑跨采动压巷道围岩变形与破坏数值分析 .......................................................... 34 4.1 数值模型建立........................................................................................................ 34 4.2 数值模拟方案........................................................................................................ 35 4.3 工作面采动对底板巷道围岩稳定性影响............................................................ 35 4.4 巷道与上方工作面垂距对底板巷道围岩稳定性影响........................................ 38 4.5 巷道与上方工作面煤体边缘水平距离对底板巷道围岩稳定性影响................ 43 4.6 本章小结................................................................................................................ 48 5 动压巷道围岩控制技术研究动压巷道围岩控制技术研究 .................................................................................. 50 万方数据 IV 5.1 动压巷道围岩控制原理........................................................................................ 50 5.2 底板动压巷道支护现状分析................................................................................ 50 5.3 底板动压巷道围岩控制技术方案........................................................................ 51 5.4 支护效果数值模拟分析....................................................................................... 57 5.5 本章小结................................................................................................................ 58 6 骑跨采巷道支护效果监测骑跨采巷道支护效果监测 ...................................................................................... 59 6.1 大巷表面位移监测................................................................................................ 59 6.2 巷道顶板离层测站布置及监测方法.................................................................... 61 6.3 本章小结................................................................................................................ 64 7 主要结论主要结论 .................................................................................................................. 65 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 67 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 71 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 72 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 73 万方数据 V Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................................... II Contents ................................................................................................................... V List of Figures ........................................................................................................... VII List of Tables .............................................................................................................. XI List of Variables........................................................................................................ XII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Present Status in China and Abroad ......................................................................... 2 1.3 Research Contents .................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Research and Technical Route .................................................................... 6 2 Geological Structure ................................................................................................. 8 2.1 General situation of working face ............................................................................ 8 2.2 Distribution of Fault ............................................................................................... 10 2.3 Present Situation and Existing Problems of the Roadways ................................... 11 2.4 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 13 3 Deation of Mining Floor and Stress Propagation Law ............................... 14 3.1 Stress Distribution of Surrounding Rock of the Stope .......................................... 14 3.2 Pressure Appearance of Working Face in 4 Mine .................................................. 17 3.3 Destruction Analysis of Stope ................................................................................ 20 3.4 Numerical Analysis of Mining Dynamic Stress Propagation Law of Working Face Plate.............................................................................................................................. 27 3.5 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 33 4 Numerical Analysis of Deation and Destruction of Riding Mining Roadway...................................................................................................................... 34 4.1 Building of the Numerical Model .......................................................................... 34 4.2 Numeric Simulation Scheme ................................................................................. 35 4.3 Stability Influence of Surrounding Rock of Floor Roadway under Working Face Mining .......................................................................................................................... 35 4.4 Stability Influence of Floor Roadway Surrounding Rock under Different Perpendicular Distances ............................................................................................... 38 万方数据 VI 4.5 Stability Influence of Floor Roadway Surrounding Rock under Different Horizontal Distances .................................................................................................... 43 4.6 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 48 5 Control Technology Research on Surrounding Rock of Dynamic Pressure Roadway...................................................................................................................... 50 5.1 Control Principle of Roadway Surrounding Rock under the Influence of Dynamic Pressure ........................................................................................................................ 50 5.2 Analysis to the Supporting Situation of the Floor Roadway ................................ 50 5.3 Control Technology Solutions of Surrounding Rock of the Floor Roadway ....... 51 5.4 Numerical simulation analysis of supporting effect .............................................. 57 5.5 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 58 6 Monitoring of the Support Effect of the Surrounding Rock of Riding Mining Roadway...................................................................................................................... 59 6.1 Displacement monitoring of the Floor Roadway ................................................. 59 6.2 Stations arrangement and monitoring s of roof separation ........................ 61 6.3 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 64 7 Main conclusions ..................................................................................................... 65 Ref