地下水位波动对乌兰露天矿边坡稳定性的影响.pdf

硕士学位论文 Groundwater Level Fluctuation Influence on Slope Stability in Wulan Open-Pit Mine 地下水位波动对乌兰露天矿边坡稳定性的影响 作 者布鲁姆 导 师舒继森 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一八年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的 学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文 的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可 以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学 校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园 网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生 学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书）。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD824 学校代码 10290 UDC 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 Groundwater Level Fluctuation Influence on Slope Stability in Wulan Open-Pit Mine 地下水位波动对乌兰露天矿边坡稳定性的影响 作 者 布鲁姆 导 师 舒继森 . 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 . 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 边坡工程 . 答辩委员会主席 评 阅 人 . 二○一八年五月 万方数据 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 布鲁姆 在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案的要求， 完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学位论文,经 审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合 学校的相关规定，同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 Acknowledgement This thesis is completed under the guidance of the tutor professor SHU Jisen. The tutor has given me careful guidance and unremitting support in the topic selection, research direction and writing of the thesis. Shu teacher profound knowledge, rigorous scientific attitude and learning spirit and approachable wind and noble quality of modest and prudent, deeply infected with me, more will be for my future work and study far deep influence. During the period of study for a masters, not only academically give me with elaborate guidance, but also in the thought, takes good care of me in life, in this to tutor professor Shu Jisen to extend the most sincere thanks and great respect I am deeply grateful to professor CAI Qingxiang, JI Changsheng, LI Kemin, SHANG Tao, ZHOU Wei, associate professor PENG Hongge, lecturer HAN Liu, CHEN Shuzhao, DING Xiaohua of the Open-Pit Mining Institute of China University of Mining and Technology. They give me selfless help in my course study and thesis writing. Thank CHANG zhiguo, Crusoe, LI Pengyue, QIN Zi He, WANG Jinwen, MENG Xin, Yama, LI Xinpeng, LU Xiang, YANG Meng, HUANG Yunshuang and all the students in my research office, MA Chaoyang in underground mining and all the students in his laboratory, we learn together, the life time of happiness and beautiful, wish you successful, successful career Here, I want to especially thank my brother OCTAV BROOHM professor, his extraordinary outstanding ability, on the academic, research, and life has given me great help and support. In the past six years, he has helped me selflessly, and I have learned a lot from him and he is an example for me. Thanks to my family for their understanding, support and encouragement during my masters degree, especially thank to my mother for her spiritual, moral and material assistance; to my sisters DEBI BROOHM and AKPEDJE BROOHM for their support during all those year and my two brothers and all my relativist and friends. I would like to extend my deep gratitude to you Finally, thank you for taking time out of your busy schedule to give careful review and advice to your experts. Wish you good health and happiness. BROOHM KOTE MAWUGNON 布鲁姆 2018 年 4月 13 日 万方数据 I 目目 录录 目 录 ..................................................................................................................................................... I 摘 要 .................................................................................................................................................. VII 详细摘要 .............................................................................................................................................. IX 图清单 ................................................................................................................................................ XV 表清单 ................................................................................................................................................ XX 变量注释表........................................................................................................................................ XXI 1 绪论 ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 选题背景和研究意义 ............................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究现状与综述 ....................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 研究目录 ................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 技术路线和研究方法 ............................................................................................................... 6 1.5 结果........................................................................................................................................... 6 1.6 总结........................................................................................................................................... 6 2研究区简介 .......................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 研究区域的描述 ....................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 该地区的一般地质学和水文学 ............................................................................................... 8 2.3 研究区地下水和不同类型的含水层和水塔 ......................................................................... 14 2.6 总结......................................................................................................................................... 20 3 边坡内地下水起伏的基本理论 ........................................................................................................ 21 3.1绪论 ......................................................................................................................................... 21 3.2 地下水渗流模型和饱和非饱和渗流的基本理论 ................................................................. 21 3.3 饱和-非饱和土的应力和强度 ............................................................................................... 33 3.4 边坡稳定分析 ......................................................................................................................... 36 3.5 总结......................................................................................................................................... 40 4地下水位波动下边坡稳定性的数值模拟 ........................................................................................ 41 4.1 GeoStudio软件简介 ............................................................................................................... 41 4.2 模型结构计算 ......................................................................................................................... 41 4.3 影响软岩边坡稳定性的因素 ................................................................................................. 46 4.4 地下水因素对边坡稳定性的敏感性分析 ............................................................................. 47 4.5 总结......................................................................................................................................... 74 5结论 .................................................................................................................................................... 75 参考文献 .............................................................................................................................................. 78 作者简历作者简历 .............................................................................................................................................. 83 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 .......................................................................................................................... 85 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 .................................................................................................................................. 86 万方数据 II 万方数据 III Table of content Acknowledgement IV Abstract. III EXTEND ABSTRACT III List of figures IV List of table XIII List of variables XIV 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Topic Selection Background and Research Significance 1 1.2 Research Actuality and Literature Summarize 3 1.3 Research Content 5 1.4 Technical Route and Research ology 6 1.5 outcomes 6 1.6 Summary 7 2 Introduction of the Study Area 8 2.1 Description of the study area 8 2.2 General geology and hydrology of the area 10 2.3 Groundwater and different types of aquifer and aquitard in the study area 17 2.4 Mining activities 24 2.5 Dewatering and Depressurisation 24 2.6 Summary 25 3 Basic theory of slope under groundwater fluctuation 26 3.1 Introduction 26 3.2 Groundwater seepage fluctuation model and Fundamental theory of saturated-unsaturated seepage 26 3.3 saturation-unsaturated soil stress and strength 42 3.4 Slope stability analysis 45 3.4.3 Drainage condition 50 3.5 Summary 50 4 Numerical simulation of the slope stability under groundwater level fluctuation 51 4.1 introduction of software GeoStudio 51 4.2 Model construction for calculation 51 4.3 Factors affecting the stability of soft rock slope 56 4.4 Sensitive analyses of slope stability under groundwater factors 57 万方数据 IV 4.5 Summary 91 5. Conclusions 92 Reference 94 万方数据 V Abstract Groundwater level fluctuation has been studied by so many scholar, where it has been found how it’s affected the stability of a slope. In regard of the previous study, the uation of groundwater level fluctuation influence on the slope stability of Wulan open pit mine had been studied in this work. A flooding which occur at Wangjiapo coal mine over Shaanxi Province expressed the rise of water level in the whole area, hence the rise of water level in the Wulan open pit mine area. Stability in the area where occur a fluctuation of groundwater level had become a priorities in the whole area subjected to the rise of water level. Landslide and slope failure are the result of a storage water in a slope body without drain condition, and led to a severe lost in material and life. The presence of water in the slope body could led to the increasing of negative pore-pressure in the slope body, thereby affecting the stress state and strength, and leading to change in the stability, thus the rise and fall of water level in a slope could seriously affected the slope factor of safety. A descriptive study on the coal mine area had been done with a detail on the hydrogeology of the vicinity mine. A general knowledge of the groundwater had been established from the existence literature, and based on saturated-unsaturated seepage theory the Thesis has an intensive study of the seepage flow field and the change law of the stability safety factor of the slope stability under the condition of fluctuation of water level. A slope subjected to the pumping of water out from the slope body is consider as drawdown in our study, with our only interesting section is the right side of the slope from the excavated area to the vertical drain boundary, the area where we observed the fluctuation of water level, hence the curiosity of enlighten his influence on the excavated slope factor of safety. Drawdown process is considered in numerical simulation to improve the water level fluctuation of the slope stability. GeoStudio software had been used Seep/w and slope/w to compute the pore-water pressure by a steady state and a transient analysis, and the result of the transient analysis were used to compute the factor of safety of the slope. The drawdown transient analysis were separated into to two procedure which are the rapid drawdown and the slow drawdown. In this paper a homogeneous and heterogeneous earth slope case had been used as a sample to enlighten behave of the stability of their slope body thought a drawdown process groundwater level fluctuation. The slope stability analysis in this work used the limit- equilibrium with Mohr coulomb criterion. A sensitive analysis was done varying the slope angle with the intention of pering an optimization for a better factor of safety of the slope submissive on fluctuation of water level. 万方数据 VI We present the saturated and unsaturated model review, groundwater fluctuation model analysis of the differences between the two drawdown process and the relationship between the total head and the time on slope stability. It is concluded that the change of slope angle influence on slope stability coefficient is most obvious under fluctuation of groundwater conditions and the change in total head with time also. After all result analysis we preconize for Wulan open-pit mine slope in south, west and north section a slope angle 30 degree maxim to ensure the safety of the flooded mine while draining out the water from the pit in homogeneous or heterogeneous condition of the material of the slope. A rapid drawdown will be better for the drawdown process, by increasing the drain out of the water flow velocity at the fastest speed wh