蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析.pdf

分类号分类号 TD821TD821密密级级公公开开 U U D D C C单位代码单位代码1 104240424 工工程程硕硕士士学学位位论论文文蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析王王耀耀国国申请学位级别申请学位级别工程硕士工程硕士领域领域名名称称测绘工程测绘工程指导教师姓名指导教师姓名栾栾元元重重职职称称教教授授副指导老师姓名副指导老师姓名班班训训海海职职称称研究研究员员山山东东科科技技大大学学二〇一二年五月二〇一二年五月论文题目论文题目论文题目论文题目蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析蒋庄煤矿水体下开采安全性分析作者姓作者姓作者姓作者姓名名名名王耀国王耀国入学时入学时入学时入学时间间间间 20102010 年年 9 9 月月领域名领域名领域名领域名称称称称测绘工程测绘工程研究方研究方研究方研究方向向向向工程测量与工程测量与工业测量工业测量指导教指导教指导教指导教师师师师栾元重栾元重职职职职称称称称教教授授副指导老副指导老副指导老副指导老师师师师班训海班训海职职职职称称称称研研究究员员论文提交日期论文提交日期论文提交日期论文提交日期20122012 年年 4 4 月月论文答辩日期论文答辩日期论文答辩日期论文答辩日期20122012 年年 6 6 月月授予学位日期授予学位日期授予学位日期授予学位日期 RESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCH ONONONON MININGMININGMININGMINING SAFELYSAFELYSAFELYSAFELYUNDERUNDERUNDERUNDER WATER-BADYWATER-BADYWATER-BADYWATER-BADYININININ JIANGZHUANGJIANGZHUANGJIANGZHUANGJIANGZHUANG MINEMINEMINEMINE A A A ADissertationDissertationDissertationDissertation tedtedtedted inininin fulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillment ofofofof thethethethe requirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirements ofofofof thethethethe degreedegreedegreedegree ofofofof MASTERMASTERMASTERMASTER OFOFOFOFENGINEERINGENGINEERINGENGINEERINGENGINEERING fromfromfromfrom ShandongShandongShandongShandong UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity ofofofof ScienceScienceScienceScience andandandandTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnology b b b by y y y WangYaoguoWangYaoguoWangYaoguoWangYaoguo SupervisorSupervisorSupervisorSupervisor ProfessorProfessorProfessorProfessorLuanYuanzhongLuanYuanzhongLuanYuanzhongLuanYuanzhong GeomaticsGeomaticsGeomaticsGeomatics CollegeCollegeCollegeCollege MayMayMayMay 2012012012012 2 2 2 声声明明本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇工程硕士学位论文，除了所列参考文献和本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇工程硕士学位论文，除了所列参考文献和世所公认的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有世所公认的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于其它任何学术机关作鉴定。呈交于其它任何学术机关作鉴定。工程硕士生签名工程硕士生签名日日期期 AFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATION I I I I declaredeclaredeclaredeclare thatthatthatthat thisthisthisthis dissertation,dissertation,dissertation,dissertation, tedtedtedted inininin fulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillment ofofofof thethethethe requirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirements forforforfor thethethethe awardawardawardaward ofofofof MasterMasterMasterMaster ofofofof EngineeringEngineeringEngineeringEngineering inininin ShandongShandongShandongShandong UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity ofofofof ScienceScienceScienceScience andandandand Technology,Technology,Technology,Technology, is is is is whollywhollywhollywholly mymymymy ownownownown workworkworkwork unlessunlessunlessunless referencedreferencedreferencedreferenced ofofofof acknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge. TheTheTheThe documentdocumentdocumentdocument hashashashas notnotnotnot beenbeenbeenbeen tedtedtedted forforforfor qualificationqualificationqualificationqualification atatatat anyanyanyany otherotherotherother academicacademicacademicacademic institute.institute.institute.institute. SignatureSignatureSignatureSignature DateDateDateDate 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文摘要摘要摘要近些年，随着人们对能源的需求迅速增加，煤炭作为我国主要的能源构成部分，显现出严重供应不足的困境，由于早期采煤多集中在储量大、地质条件稳定的区域，现阶段随着这种不可再生能源的日益减少，人们不得不考虑从储量丰富的水体下开采煤炭资源。水体下开采面临的地质条件复杂，主要是防范的是地表水以及地下水体的下泄，那么对水体下安全性进行分析就显得尤为重要。在煤矿开采中，影响安全生产的因素很多，特别在水体下开采时，对开采要求的条件更高，不仅仅是单纯的研究水体，还要对矿井各种导水因素进行综合分析，研究其导水的可能性，采取合理有效的措施进行防治。在矿井开采中由于地表塌陷形成的塌陷积水构成了地表的主要水体，计算积水量，确定其对变形后的隔水层的影响。同时导水裂缝带发育高度的准确探测对水体下安全开采也尤为重要，通过建立主成分回归分析模型对导水裂缝带高度进行了较为精确地预测，为以后的开采工作提供了有力的保障。本文主要结合蒋庄煤矿水体下开采的实际情况进行研究，蒋庄煤矿地面无较大河流，影响开采的主要水体是地表塌陷区积水和第四系含水层含水，首先采用等值线积分法获得地表塌陷区积水位置以及积水量，然后采用 Flac 软件模拟开采沉陷对第四系粘土隔水层的破坏，经过分析确定隔水层有良好的隔水性能。导水裂缝带发育高度对水体下开采影响很大，综合分析影响导水裂缝带发育高度的因素，并做量化处理，采用主成分回归分析建立导水裂缝带发育高度的回归模型，对蒋庄煤矿导水裂缝带高度进行预测，经过与经验公式预计以及现场实测对比，确定主成分回归分析模型预测精度较高，证明此法是可行的，可以用于确定防水煤岩柱高度。最后采用 Flac 软件对导水断层进行数值模拟，对断层防水煤柱的留设宽度提供数值依据。这些研究对今后蒋庄煤矿水体下安全高效开采具有非常重要的意义。关键词关键词水体下开采;隔水层;导水裂缝带;主成分回归分析;防水煤岩柱山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文摘要 ABSTRACTABSTRACT In recent years, people begin to study the underwater coal recourses, trying to solve the imbalance of supply and demand. However, considering the complicated geological conditions and influential factors like, surface waters and the permeability of the quaternary aquifer,it is quite necessary and important to conduct the safety analysis of under water mining. Many factors need consideration to insure safety during the exploitation process, and the underwater mining puts forwards higher requirements. Not only the water body but also those factors influencing permeability should be analyzed, exploring the probability of water conductivity and effective measures to guarantee safety. This paper will carry on a detailed study on the under waters mining in Jiangzhuang coal mining from two aspects. The water influencing the exploitation in Jiang Zhuang is mainly from waterlogged area and the quaternary aquifer, so at first, the position and quantity of accumulated water will be acquired through the isoline , and then the Flac will be adapted to simulate the damage of mining subsidence caused to the clay aquifuge of the quaternary and finally to verify the good property of impermeable layer. The development height of water suture zone has a tremendous influence to the under water mining; therefore, in the following, various factors influencing it will be focused. And the principle component regression analysis is chosen to establish the regression model and to predict the height of water suture zone. Compared with the s of empirical ula and field measurement, the result of this research has higher precision, which can be used to obtain the height of water-proof coal pillar and to determine the upper limit of mining. At last, the numerical simulation of water conductive fault will be conducted with the help of Flac to provide data support. This research will have valuable instructive meaning to the effective and safe underwater working in Jiangzhuang coal mining. KeyKeyKeyKey wordswordswordswordsunder water mining;water-resisting layer;water suture zone principle; component regression analysis; water-proof coal pillar 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文目录目目录录 1 1 1 1绪论绪论绪论绪论............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 1 1 1 1.1课题的提出......................................................................................................................1 1.2国内外研究现状..............................................................................................................2 1.3研究内容和研究技术路线..............................................................................................6 2 2 2 2蒋庄煤矿概况蒋庄煤矿概况蒋庄煤矿概况蒋庄煤矿概况............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 9 9 9 2.1矿区位置..........................................................................................................................9 2.2蒋庄煤矿地质概况..........................................................................................................9 2.3蒋庄煤矿水文地质条件................................................................................................11 3 3 3 3地表积水对开采影响地表积水对开采影响地表积水对开采影响地表积水对开采影响....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................16161616 3.1蒋庄矿区地表沟河水....................................................................................................16 3.2地表塌陷区积水............................................................................................................17 3.3煤层开采沉陷土体内部变形........................................................................................26 3.4地表土体采动裂缝深度计算方法................................................................................30 3.5结论................................................................................................................................33 4 4 4 43 3 3 3上上上上、、、、3 3 3 3 下下下下煤开采覆岩导水裂缝带高度探测煤开采覆岩导水裂缝带高度探测煤开采覆岩导水裂缝带高度探测煤开采覆岩导水裂缝带高度探测............................................................................................................................................................................................................................34343434 4.1经验公式预计................................................................................................................34 4.2实测导水裂缝带高度....................................................................................................35 5 5 5 5导水裂缝带高度预测导水裂缝带高度预测导水裂缝带高度预测导水裂缝带高度预测....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................40404040 5.1导水裂隙带高度的影响因素........................................................................................40 5.2常用预测方法介绍........................................................................................................40 5.3主成分回归分析法........................................................................................................42 5.4主成分回归分析应用于导水裂缝带高度预测............................................................47 6 6 6 6断层导水对开采的影响研究断层导水对开采的影响研究断层导水对开采的影响研究断层导水对开采的影响研究....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................54545454 6.1小宋楼断层分析............................................................................................................54 6.2刘仙庄断层分析............................................................................................................61 6.3本章小结........................................................................................................................62 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文目录 7 7 7 7开采安全性分析开采安全性分析开采安全性分析开采安全性分析....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................63636363 7.1防水煤岩柱高度确定....................................................................................................63 7.2隔水岩层隔水性分析....................................................................................................66 7.3水体下采煤安全性分析................................................................................................66 总结总结总结总结............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................68686868 展望展望展望展望............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................69696969 致谢致谢致谢致谢............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................70707070 参考文献参考文献参考文献参考文献............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................71717171 附录程序代码部分附录程序代码部分附录程序代码部分附录程序代码部分............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................75757575 攻读硕士期间主要成果攻读硕士期间主要成果攻读硕士期间主要成果攻读硕士期间主要成果............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................77777777 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文目录 ContentsContentsContentsContents 1 1 1 1IntroducetionIntroducetionIntroducetionIntroducetion...........................................................................................................................................................