ASME B31.8S-2001 燃气管道的管理系统完整性.pdf

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers AN - AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD MANAGING SYSTEM INTEGRITY OF GAS PIPELINES ASME CODE FOR PRESSURE PIPING, B31 ASME 831.8s-2001 [Supplement to ASME 831 4 Date of Issuance July 19, 2002 The 2001 edition of this Standard is being issued with an automatic addenda subscription service. The use of addenda allows revisions made in response to public review comments or committee actions to be published on a regular yearly basis; revisions published in addenda will become effective 6 months after the Date of Issuance of the addenda. The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2004. ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Standard. The interpretations will be included with the above addenda service. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 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CONTENTS Foreword ................................................................................. vi Preparation of Technical Inquiries ........................................................... vii Committee Roster ......................................................................... VIII ... 1 Introduction .......................................................................... 1 1.1 Scope ........................................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose and Objectives ........................................................... 1 1.3 Integrity Management Principles ................................................... 1 2 Integrity Management Program Overview ............................................ 2 2.1 General .......................................................................... 2 2.2 Integrity Threat Classification ..................................................... 4 2.3 The Integrity Management Process ................................................ 4 2.4 Integrity Management Program .................................................... 7 3 Consequences ........................................................................ 7 3.1 General .......................................................................... 7 3.2 Potential Impact Area ............................................................ 8 3.3 Consequence Factors to Consider .................................................. 8 4 Gathering. Reviewing. and Integrating Data .......................................... 9 4.1 General .......................................................................... 9 4.2 Data Requirements ............................................................... 9 4.3 Data Sources ..................................................................... 10 4.4 Data Collection. Review. and Analysis ............................................ 10 4.5 Data Integration .................................................................. 11 5 Risk Assessment ...................................................................... 5.1 Introduction ...................................................................... 5.2 Definition ........................................................................ 5.3 Risk Assessment Objectives ....................................................... 5.4 Developing a Risk Assessment Approach .......................................... 5.5 Risk Assessment Approaches ...................................................... 5.6 Risk Analysis .................................................................... 5.7 Characteristics of an Effective Risk Assessment Approach .......................... 5.8 Risk Estimates Using Assessment s ........................................ 5.9 Data Collection for Risk Assessment .............................................. 5.1 O Prioritization for Prescriptive and Perance-Based Integrity Management Programs ...................................................................... 5.1 1 Integrity Assessment and Mitigation ............................................... 5.12 Validation ....................................................................... 12 12 12 12 12 13 14 15 16 16 16 17 17 iii Integrity Assessment .................................................................. 18 6.1 General .......................................................................... 18 6.2 Pipeline In-line Inspection ........................................................ 18 6.3 Pressure Testing .................................................................. 20 6.4 Direct Assessment ................................................................ 21 6.5 Other Integrity Assessment ologies ......................................... 22 Responses to Integrity Assessments and Mitigation Repair and Prevention .......... 22 7.1 General .......................................................................... 22 7.2 Responses to Pipeline In-line Inspections .......................................... 22 7.4 Responses to Direct Assessment Inspections ....................................... 26 7.5 Repair s .................................................................. 26 7.6 Prevention Strategyhethods ...................................................... 26 7.7 Prevention Options ............................................................... 26 7.3 Responses to Pressure Testing .................................................... 25 Integrity Management Plan ........................................................... 27 8.1 General .......................................................................... 27 8.2 Updating the Plan ................................................................ 28 8.3 Plan Framework .................................................................. 28 Perance Plan .................................................................... 29 9.1 Introduction ...................................................................... 29 9.2 Perance Measures Characteristics .............................................. 30 9.3 Perance Measurement ology ........................................... 31 9.4 Perance Measurement-Intra-System ........................................... 31 9.5 Perance Measurement-Industry Based ........................................ 32 9.6 Perance Improvement ........................................................ 32 10 Communications Plan ................................................................ 32 10.1 General .......................................................................... 32 10.2 External Communications ......................................................... 32 10.3 Internal Communications .......................................................... 35 11 Management of Change .............................................................. 35 12 Quality Control Plan ................................................................. 36 12.1 General .......................................................................... 36 12.2 Quality Management Control ...................................................... 36 13 Terms. Definitions. and Acronyms .................................................... 36 14 References and Standards ............................................................ 40 Figures 1 Integrity Management Program Elements ............................................... 3 2 Integrity Management Plan Process Flow Diagram ...................................... 5 3 Potential Impact Area PIA ........................................................... 9 4 Management Plan ................................................................... 27 5 Hierarchy of Terminology for Integrity Assessment ...................................... 37 Timing for Scheduled Responses-Time-Dependent Threats Prescriptive Integrity iv Tables 1 Data Elements for Prescriptive Pipeline Integrity Program ............................... 10 2 Typical Data Sources for Pipeline Integrity Program .................................... 11 3 Plan ................................................................................ 14 4 Acceptable Threat Prevention and Repair s ...................................... 23 5 Data-Line 1. Segment 3 ........................................................... 29 6 Assessment Plan-Line 1. Segment 3 ................................................ 30 7 Mitigation Plan-Line 1, Segment 3 ................................................ 31 8 Perance Measures ................................................................. 33 9 Perance Metrics ................................................................... 33 10 Overall Perance Measures ......................................................... 34 Nonmandatory Appendices A Threat Process Charts and Prescriptive Integrity Management Plans ...................... 43 B Direct Assessment Process ............................................................. 62 Integrity Assessment Intervals-Time-Dependent Threats Prescriptive Integrity Management Example of Integrity Management Plan for Hypothetical Pipeline Segment Segment Example of Integrity Management Plan for Hypothetical Pipeline Segment Integrity Example of Integrity Management Plan for Hypothetical Pipeline Segment Y FOREWORD Pipeline system operators continuously work to im- prove the safety of their systems and operations. In the United States, both liquid and gas pipeline operators have been working with their regulators for several years to develop a more systematic approach to pipeline safety integrity management. The gas pipeline industry needed to address many technical concerns before an integrity mana, oement stan- dard could be written. A number of initiatives were undertaken by the industry to answer these questions; as a result of two years’ intensive work by a number of technical experts in their fields, 20 reports were issued that provided the responses required to complete this Standard. The list of these reports is included in the reference section of this Standard. This Standard is nonmandatory, and is designed to supplement B3 1.8, ASME Code for Pressure Piping, Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems. Not ali operators or countries will decide to implement this Standard. This Standard becomes mandatory if and when pipeline regulators include it as a requirement in their regulations. This Standard is a process standard, which describes the process an operator may use to develop an integrity management program. It also provides two approaches for developing an integrity management program - a prescriptive approach and a perance or risk-based approach. Pipeline operators in a number of countries are currently utilizing risk-based or risk management principles to improve the safety of their systems. Some of the international standards issued on this subject were utilized as resources for writing this Standard. Particular recognition is given to API and their liquids integrity management standard, API 1160, which was used as a model for the at of this Standard. The intent of this Standard is to provide a systematic, comprehensive, and integrated approach to managing the safety and integrity of pipeline systems. The task force that developed this Standard hopes that it has achieved that intent. This Supplement was