覆岩-煤柱群失稳的力学机理研究.pdf
硕士学位论文 覆岩-煤柱群失稳的力学机理研究 Mechanics Mechanism of Instability on Overburden-coal Pillar Group 作 者陈远峰 导 师茅献彪 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一四年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 学校代码 10290 UDC 密 级 公开 国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2013CB227900) 国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2010CB226800) 国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1261201) 国家自然科学基金重点项目(51227003) 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 覆岩-煤柱群失稳的力学机理研究 Mechanics Mechanism of Instability on Overburden-coal Pillar Group 作 者 陈远峰 导 师 茅献彪 教授 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 力学与建筑工程学院 学科专业 工程力学 研究方向 采动岩体力学与工程 答辩委员会主席 评 阅 人 二〇一四年五月 万方数据 84 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明所呈交的学位论文覆岩-煤柱群失稳的力学机理研究, 是本人在导师指导下,在中国矿业大学攻读学位期间进行的研究工作所取得的 成果。据我所知,除文中已经标明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人 或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体, 均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名 年 月 日 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一, 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权,即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;②为教学和 科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外,根据有关法规,同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 (保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书) 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 Thesis approval identification 研究生 陈远峰 在规定的学习年限内, 按照研究生培养方案的 要求,完成了研究生课程的学习,成绩合格;在我的指导下完成本学 位论文,经审阅,论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论 文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定, 同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送 专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致致 谢谢 本文是在导师茅献彪教授的悉心指导下完成的。在论文的选题、撰写及修改 过程中,得到了茅老师的精心指导、鼓励与多方面的支持。从师三载,导师始终 无微不至地关心着我的学习和生活, 人生道路上的每一步我的成长都倾注着导师 的心血,茅老师严谨求实的治学态度、高瞻远瞩的思维、开拓创新的精神、孜孜 不倦的作风永远是我学习的楷模和榜样, 将永远激励着我在人生之路上不懈奋斗; 茅老师如海般宽广的胸怀、如父般质朴谦和的长者风范让我永生难忘值此论文 完成之际, 谨向茅老师致以深深的敬意, 祝愿茅老师及家人身体健康、 工作顺心 特别感谢徐金海教授在我求学和论文完成期间给予的指导和帮助, 徐老师自 始至终给予我关怀和鼓励,为我传道解惑,为我指明前进的方向。在此表示衷心 感谢。 衷心感谢陈占清教授、王连国教授、马占国教授、张连英副教授、卢爱红副 教授、吴宇副教授、张凯副教授、杨静副教授、吴洪老师等在学术及论文写作方 面所给予的指导; 感谢李明博士、 李凯硕士、 吴锐博士、 马超硕士、 郭晓倩博士、 王路珍博士、刘少杰硕士、刘瑞雪硕士、李兵博士、唐琨硕士、陶静硕士、张光 辉硕士、崔灿硕士、张雨波硕士、时旭阳硕士等多年同窗在论文完成期间给予的 帮助。 感谢家人对我求学生涯一如既往的支持, 你们的支持和鼓励给了我勇往直前 的勇气和奋发向上的动力, 你们多年来对我生活上无微不至的关怀和学业上全力 的支持,才使得我能够顺利地完成学业 感谢论文所引用文献的作者。 特别感谢所有支持过我、 帮助过我、 批评过我、 鼓励过我和理解过我的人们 感谢岁月与困难对我的磨砺 最后,向百忙中对本论文评审的专家致以诚挚的谢意 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 在“三下”压煤开采中,常留设煤柱来支撑顶板,控制地表沉陷,在其它开 采方式中,也常留设煤柱来保护巷道、隔离水沙等。煤柱稳定性对于覆岩移动控 制及地表沉陷至关重要。本文综合运用理论分析、数值模拟等研究方法和手段, 对煤柱稳定性问题进行了系统的研究,得到了如下研究成果 (1)根据煤柱与围岩的相互作用关系,建立了倾斜煤柱稳定性力学模型, 并利用弹性力学的位移变分法求得了煤柱应力场和位移场的解析解, 给出了煤柱 应力场、位移场的分布随煤柱宽度、开采深度、煤层倾角的变化规律; (2)基于煤岩的蠕变特性,借助数值模拟手段分析了煤柱群的流变特性, 考察了煤柱群的应力、变形和塑性破坏区的时间相关性特征。结果表明煤柱群 的应力、 变形及塑性区的范围随着时间有较大幅度增长, 并表现为初期增长较快, 后期逐渐趋于稳定。在蠕变初期各煤柱的应力、变形及塑性区范围基本接近,随 着时间的增长各煤柱间差异逐渐增大,且煤柱赋存越深其应力、变形及塑性区范 围增幅越大。 (3)根据煤柱的赋存环境,建立了包括顶板、煤柱、底板在内的数值计算 力学模型,借助 FLAC3D数值分析软件,得到了煤柱群应力、变形及塑性区范围 等随煤柱宽度、开采深度、煤层倾角的变化规律。数值模拟和理论分析的结果具 有较好的印证性。 论文研究成果可为条带开采及其他采煤方法中的煤柱留设及煤柱群的长期 稳定性分析提供参考。 该论文有图 54 幅,表 24 个,参考文献 97 篇。 关键词关键词煤柱群稳定性;力学模型;位移变分;流变特性;数值模拟 万方数据 II Abstract In “three under” coal mining, often leaving in coal pillars to support the roof, control surface subsidence, in other mining s, but also ofen leaving in coal pillars to protect the roadway, isolate water and sand, etc. Stability of coal pillar is vital for strata movement control and surface subsidence. In this paper, the integrated use of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and other research s and means for coal pillar stability were studied, obtained the following results 1 According to the interaction relationship between the pillar and surrounding rock, coal pillar mechanical model was established by considering the binding force of coal piilar and roof and floor, and the displacement variational of elasticity mechanics was used to obtain the analytical solution of stress field and displacement field of coal pillar, given the distribution of coal pillar stress field, displacement field with coal pillar width, mining depth and coal seam dip angle. 2 Based on the creep properties of the coal rock, the rheological properties of coal pillar group were analyzed with numerical simulation , the time correlation characteristics of coal pillar group about stress, deation and plastic zone was investigated, the results showed that the stress, the deation and the plastic zone of coal pillar group had a substantial increase with time, and characterized by rapid early growth, late gradually stabilized. At the beginning of the creep, the stress, deation and plastic zone of each coal pillar were close, with the growth of time the differences between each pillar was increasing, and the deeper the coal pillar occurrence increase, the stress, deation and plastic zone is larger. 3 According to the occurrence environment of coal pillar, a numerical simulation mechanics model including the roof, the pillar and the floor was established, and by the means of FLAC3D numerical analysis software, the variation of the stress, the deation and the plastic zone of coal pillar group with coal pillar width, mining depth and coal seam dip angle was obtained. The results of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis had a good seal. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for coal pillar design and coal pillar long-term stability analysis of strip mining and other mining s. This thesis includes 54 figures, 24 tables and cited 97 references. Keywords Stability of coal pillar group; Mechanical model; Displacement variational; Rheological properties ; Numerical simulation 万方数据 III 目目 录录 摘摘 要要............................................................................................................................. I 图清单图清单......................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单......................................................................................................................... XII 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................... XIV 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ....................................................................................................... 1 1.3 本文主要研究内容及方法 ....................................................................................... 8 1.4 论文的技术路线 ...................................................................................................... 9 2 煤柱稳定性的力学分析煤柱稳定性的力学分析 .......................................................................................... 10 2.1 煤柱与围岩的相互作用关系 ................................................................................ 10 2.2 煤柱力学模型 ........................................................................................................ 11 2.3 煤柱的弹性力学分析 ............................................................................................ 12 2.4 煤柱宽度对煤柱稳定性的影响 ............................................................................ 15 2.5 开采深度对煤柱稳定性的影响 ............................................................................ 18 2.6 煤层倾角对煤柱稳定性的影响 ............................................................................ 21 2.7 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 23 3 煤柱群的流变特征及稳定性分析煤柱群的流变特征及稳定性分析 .......................................................................... 24 3.1 煤岩的物理力学性质 ............................................................................................ 24 3.2 煤岩的流变特性 .................................................................................................... 25 3.3 煤柱群稳定性的流变特征 .................................................................................... 30 3.4 煤柱宽度对煤柱群稳定性影响 ............................................................................ 42 3.5 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 53 4 开采深度对煤柱群稳定性影响研究开采深度对煤柱群稳定性影响研究 ...................................................................... 54 4.1 数值计算模型及方案 ............................................................................................ 54 4.2 开采深度对煤柱群塑性区分布的影响 ................................................................ 54 4.3 开采深度对煤柱群应力分布的影响 .................................................................... 56 4.4 开采深度对煤柱群变形规律的影响 .................................................................... 60 4.5 本章小结Summary ............................................................................................. 64 万方数据 IV 5 煤层倾角对煤柱群稳定性影响研究煤层倾角对煤柱群稳定性影响研究 ...................................................................... 66 5.1 数值计算模型及方案 ............................................................................................ 66 5.2 煤层倾角对煤柱群塑性区分布的影响 ................................................................ 66 5.3 煤层倾角对煤柱群应力分布的影响 .................................................................... 68 5.4 煤层倾角对煤柱群变形规律的影响 .................................................................... 71 5.5 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 75 6 结论与展望结论与展望 .............................................................................................................. 76 6.1 主要结论 ................................................................................................................ 76 6.2 研究展望Ideals about Feature Research .............................................................. 77 参考文献参考文献 ...................................................................................................................... 78 作者简历作者简历 ...................................................................................................................... 83 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 .................................................................................................. 84 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 .......................................................................................................... 85 万方数据 V Content Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II List of Figures ............................................................................................................ VII List of Tables ............................................................................................................. XII List of Variables ....................................................................................................... XIV 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background and Significance ................................................................................... 1 1.2 Current Research at Rome and Abroad ..................................................................... 1 1.3 Research Content and Approach ............................................................................... 8 1.4 Technological Route ................................................................................................. 9 2 Mechanics Analysis of Stability of Coal Pillar ...................................................... 10 2.1 Interactive Relation of Coal Pillar and Rock .......................................................... 10 2.2 Mechanical Model of Coal Pillar ............................................................................ 11 2.3 Elasticity Analysis of Coal Pillar ............................................................................ 12 2.4 Influence of Coal Pillar Width on the Stability of Coal Pillar ................................ 15 2.5 Influence of Mining Depth on the Stability of Coal Pillar ...................................... 18 2.6 Influence of Coal Seam Dip Angle on the Stability of Coal Pillar ......................... 21 2.7 Summary ................................................................................................................. 23 3 The Rheological Characteristics of Coal Pillar Group and Stability Analysis .. 24 3.1 Physical Mechanical Properties of Coal Rock ........................................................ 24 3.2 Rheological Properties of Coal Rock ...................................................................... 25 3.3 The Rheological Characteristics of Stability of Coal Pillar Group ......................... 30 3.4 Influence of Coal Pillar Width on the Stability of Coal Pillar Group ..................... 42 3.5 Summary ................................................................................................................. 53 4 Research of Mining Depth Influence on the Stability of Coal Pillar Group ....... 54 4.1 Numerical Model and Schemes .............................................................................. 54 4.2 Influence of Mining Depth on the Plastic Zone Distribution of Coal Pillar group . 54 4.3 Influence of Mining Depth on the Stress Distribution of Coal Pillar Group .......... 56 4.4 Influence of Mining Depth on the Deation Law of Coal Pillar Group ........... 60 4.5 Summary ................................................................................................................. 64 万方数据 VI 5 Research of Coal Seam Dip Angle Influence on the Stability of Coal Pillar Group ........................................................................................................................... 66 5.1 Numerical Model and Schemes .............................................................................. 66 5.2 Influence of Coal Seam Dip Angle on the Plastic Zone Distribution of Coal Pillar Group ............................................................................................................................ 66 5.3 Influence of Coal Dip Angle on the Stress Distribution of Coal Pillar Group ....... 68 5.4 Influence of Coal Seam Angle on the Deation Law of Coal Pillar Group ...... 71 5.5 Summary ................................................................................................................. 75 6 Conclusions and Prospects ...................................................................................... 76 6.1 Main Conclusions ................................................................................................... 76 6.2 Ideals about Feature Research ................................................................................ 77 References .................................................................................................................... 78 Author’s Resume ..........