散体充填材料承压渗流特性规律研究.pdf
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0604700)青 国家自然科学基金(51704273)学基金(51725403) 国家自然科学基金青年基金(51704273) 工程硕士学位论文 散体充填材料承压渗流特性规律研究 Seepage Characteristics of Pressurized Loose Backfilling Materials 作 者徐迁迁 导 师张吉雄 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九年六月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一,学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学 位论文的部分使用权,即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版 和电子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;②为 教学和科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案 馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、 浏览。 另外, 根据有关法规, 同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 (保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书) 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD325 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 国家杰出青年科学基金(51725403) 国家自然科学基金青年基金(51704273) 中国矿业大学 工程硕士学位论文 散体充填材料承压渗流特性规律研究 Seepage Characteristics of Pressurized Loose Backflling Materials 作 者 徐迁迁 导 师 张吉雄 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 绿色开采 答辩委员会主席 牟宗龙 评 阅 人 盲审 二○一九年六月 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 徐迁迁 在规定的学习年限内,按照研究生培养方案的 要求,完成了研究生课程的学习,成绩合格;在我的指导下完成本 学位论文,经审阅,论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同, 论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定,同意将本论文作为学位申请论 文送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致致 谢谢 时光荏苒,岁月如梭。转眼间,两年的研究生求学生活即将结束,站在毕 业的门槛上,内心感慨万千。回想起这两年的点点滴滴,欣慰之余而又庆幸无 比,值得欣慰的是在这两年当中通过自己的努力与拼搏学习到了许多受益匪浅 的知识与技能;庆幸的是我来到了一个充满浓厚学习氛围的环境,遇到了许多 的良师益友,给了我很多的帮助和指引,使我能够顺利地完成学业,在此谨向 他们表示衷心的感谢 论文的完成得到了许多师兄弟的帮助与支持。感谢齐文跃师兄在选题中的 指导;感谢周楠老师、张强老师、刘玉老师、李猛老师在论文立意和整体结构 方面给与的指导;感谢刘玉老师、王丽华老师、齐文跃师兄在试验设备调试和 使用方面给与的帮助;感谢马浩宾、夏康祺、王昱尧、姜超师弟在试验中的辛 勤付出;感谢刘恒凤师兄、张升师兄、权凯师兄、刘志成师兄、陈俊丽师姐、 王佳齐师兄在论文写作中给与的指导;感谢孙建峰、欧阳神央、曹鑫、孙凯、 等在论文排版中的提给的帮助;感谢刘玉老师、齐文跃师兄、孙强师兄、刘全 霖师兄在数值模拟方面给与的帮助;感谢刘玉老师、齐文跃师兄在数据处理方 面提供的指导;感谢张强、刘玉老师在论文修改中提出的宝贵意见。 感谢张吉雄老师在两年期间的辛勤培养,张老师做人做事中的大格局观和 高瞻远瞩,废寝忘食、雷厉风行的工作态度以及纪律严明、责任分工、严格按 章办事的团队建设风格将影响我的一生,为我以后的发展树立了榜样,这将是 一生的财富,受益无穷。 感谢所引用的文献的作者,感谢所有在生活中帮助和关心过的人 感谢在百忙中评审、答辩本论文并提出宝贵意见的各位专家学者 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 我国每年煤炭资源开采造成大量的水资源流失和污染,充填开采作为一种 重要的保水开采方式应用潜力极大,而研究充填材料在复杂的地下水环境中的 渗流规律是实施保水开采的基础。此外充填体作为一种人造岩层在遇到地下不 同水位的承压水时能否具有很好的隔水性能,从而为厚煤层分层开采以及多煤 层开采中附近煤层的开采提供安全保障有待深入研究。因此本文采用试验测试 与数值模拟相结合的方法研究了散体充填材料在应力场和渗流场双向耦合作用 下的渗流规律,主要取得以下研究成果 (1) 通过测试4种不同粒径矸石在4 MPa、 6 MPa、 8 MPa、 10 MPa、 16 MPa、 20 MPa 轴压下,分别通过 2 MPa、3 MPa、4 MPa、5 MPa、6 MPa、7 MPa 水 压力下的渗透速度,得到不同粒径矸石在不同应力下渗流规律,并拟合得到了 不同粒径矸石孔隙率与轴压的关系式, 渗透率、 非达西因子与孔隙率的关系式, 以及不同粒径矸石达到隔水效果时所需的轴向应力和相应的渗透率和非达西因 子的量级。 (2)测试了 4 种不同粒径矸石分别与风积沙、黄土按 10.3 比例混合的散 体材料在不同轴向应力和水压力下的渗流速度,以及不同风积沙、黄土掺量对 渗流效果的影响。风积沙的掺量的增加虽然会减小总体的孔隙率,但渗透性却 得到增强,而黄土掺量的增加降低了总体的承载能力,却增强了总体的隔水性 能,使渗透性大幅度降低,在 46 MPa 的轴压下能达到到很好的隔水效果。 (3)用数值模拟的方法分别研究了 4 种粒径、6 种轴压、6 种水压以及 3 种风积沙掺量条件下散体充填材料的内部渗流规律,得到了不同条件下充填体 的位移、孔隙率、渗透率、水压力、渗流速度在充填体内部不同位置的分布情 况,其分布并非均匀分布,分析主要是由于充填材料在承载过程中不均匀的形 变造成的。 本文有图 67 幅,表 17 个,参考文献 86 篇。 关键词关键词散体充填材料;孔隙率;渗透率;渗流规律;非达西流 万方数据 II Abstract The annual coal resource exploitation in China causes a large amount of water resources loss and pollution, backfilling mining as a of water protaction mining has a great potential for application, and the study of the seepage law of filling materials in the complex underground water environment is the basis of water protection mining. In addition, when the filling body as a kind of artificial rock seam is encountered in the underground different water level of the pressurized water can have a good water insulation perance, so as to the thick coal seam stratified mining and multi-seam mining in the mining of adjacent coal seam to provide protection needs to be deeply studied. Therefore, this paper studies the seepage Law of backfilling materials under the bidirectional coupling of ground stress field and seepage field by test and numerical simulation, and obtains the following research results 1 By testing the penetration speed of 4 kinds particle size gangue in 4MPa, 6MPa, 8MPa, 10MPa, 16MPa, and 20MPa axial pressure and through the water pressure of 2MPa, 3MPa, 4MPa, 5MPa, 6MPa and 7MPa, the seepage law of different particle size gangue under different ground stress is obtained, and the relationship between porosity and axial pressure of different particle size gangue is obtained, as well as the permeability, The relationship between non-Darcy factor and porosity, as well as the axial stress and the corresponding permeability and the magnitude of non-Darcy factor, are required for different particle size gangue to achieve the water separation effect. 2 The seepage velocity of 4 kinds of backfilling materials mixed with and loess in 10.3 proportion was respectively tested, and the influence of different dosage of wind sand and loess on the seepage effect. Although the increase of the dosage of wind sand will reduce the overall porosity, but the permeability is enhanced, while the increase of loess dosage reduces the overall bearing capacity, but enhances the overall water separation perance, so that the permeability is greatly reduced, in the 46MPa of the axial pressure can achieve a good water insulation effect. 3 The internal seepage law of backfilling materials under 4 kinds of particle size, 6 kinds of axial pressure, 6 kinds of water pressure and 3 kinds of wind sand content were studied by numerical simulation, and the distribution of displacement, 万方数据 III porosity, permeability, water pressure and seepage velocity of the filling body under different conditions was obtained in different positions within the filling body. The distribution is not evenly distributed, and the analysis is mainly caused by the uneven deation of the filling material during the bearing process. There are 67 figures,17 Tables,and 86 references. Keywords loose backfilling material; porosity;permeability; seepage law; non-Darcy flow 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要............................................................................................................................ I 目目 录录......................................................................................................................... IV 图清单图清单...................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单........................................................................................................................ XII 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................. XIV 1 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景与研究意义 ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状综述 ............................................................................................. 3 1.3 研究内容与方法 ................................................................................................... 10 2 充填材料基本物理特性测试与渗流试验系统充填材料基本物理特性测试与渗流试验系统 ..................................................... 13 2.1 充填材料的采集与制备 ...................................................................................... 13 2.2 物理特性测试结果 .............................................................................................. 14 2.3 渗流试验系统 ...................................................................................................... 16 2.4 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 22 3 单一散体充填材料非单一散体充填材料非 Darcy 渗流特性渗流特性 ................................................................. 23 3.1 试验设计 .............................................................................................................. 23 3.2.粒径对流量和渗透参数的影响 .......................................................................... 25 3.3 轴压对孔隙率和渗透参数的影响 ...................................................................... 31 3.3 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 33 4 4 混合散体充填料非混合散体充填料非 Darcy 渗流特性渗流特性 ................................................................. . 3535 4.1 实验方案设计 ...................................................................................................... 35 4.2 矸石与风积沙混合的渗流特性 .......................................................................... 36 4.3 矸石与黄土混合的渗流特性 .............................................................................. 49 4.4 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 53 5 5 散体充填材料内部的基本渗透特性散体充填材料内部的基本渗透特性 ................................................................. . 5555 5.1 COMSOL 与模拟所使用物理场简介 ................................................................ 55 5.2 分析不同因素对渗流规律的影响 ...................................................................... 57 5.3 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 74 万方数据 V 6 6 结论与展望结论与展望 .......................................................................................................... 7575 6.1 主要结论 .............................................................................................................. 75 6.2 研究展望 .............................................................................................................. 76 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................................. 7979 作者简历作者简历 .................................................................................................................. 8484 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 .............................................................................................. 8585 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ...................................................................................................... 8686 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ............................................................................................................. XII List of Variables ...................................................................................................... XIV 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background and Research Significance ................................................... 1 1.2 Research Actuality ................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Research Contents and s ............................................................................ 10 2 Principle of Basic Physical Characteristics Test and Seepage Test System for Backfilling Materials ................................................................................................. 13 2.1 Collection and Preparation of Filling Materials ..................................................... 13 2.2 Physical Characteristics Test Results ..................................................................... 14 2.3 Seepage Test System .............................................................................................. 16 2.4 Chapter Sumarry .................................................................................................... 22 3 Non-Darcy Seepage Characteristics of Single Loose Filling Material ............... 23 3.1 Experiment Design ................................................................................................. 23 3.2.Influence of Particle Size on Flow Rate and Permeability Parameters ................. 25 3.3 Effect of Axial Pressure on Porosity and Permeability Parameters ....................... 31 3.3 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 33 4 None-Darcy Seepage Characteristics Of Mixed Loose Backfilling Materials ... 35 4.1 Experimental Design .............................................................................................. 35 4.2 Seepage Characteristics of Gangue Mixed with Wind Sand ................................. 36 4.3 Seepage Characteristics of Gangue Mixed with Loess .......................................... 49 4.4 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 53 5 Basic Permeability Characteristics of Backfilling Materials .............................. 55 5.1 COMSOL With a Brief Introduction to The Physical Fields Used in The Simulation .................................................................................................................... 55 5.2 Analysis of the Influence of Different Factors on Seepage Law ........................... 57 万方数据 VII 5.3 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 74 6 Conclusions and Prospects ..................................................................................... 75 6.1 Main Conclution .................................................................................................... 75 6.2 Prospects ................................................................................................................ 76 Reference..................................................................................................................... 79 Author’s Resume ........................................................................................................ 84 Declaration of Thesis Originalty ............................................................................... 85 Dussertation Data Collection .................................................................................... 86 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 充填体保护临近煤层开采 1 Figure 1-1 Filling body protection near coal seam mining 1 图 1-2 固体充填材料应用区域 2 Figure 1-2 Application area of solid filling materials 2 图 1-3 两种加载路径 3 Figure 1-3 Two loading paths 3 图 1-4 渗透仪组装图 6 Figure 1-4 Assembly diagram of permeameter 6 图 1-5 技术路线图 8 Figure 1-5 Research technical route 8 图 2-1 方孔石子筛 14 Figure 2-1 Square stone screen 14 图 2-2 充填材料试样 16 Figure 2-2 Sample of backfilling materials 16 图 2-3 散体充填材料渗流-力学响应测试系统结构示意图 17 Figure 2-3 Structure diagram of seepage and mechanical response test system for granular filling materials 17 图 2-4 加载系统 17 Figure 2-4 Loading system 17 图 2-5 水压供给及控制系统构成 20 Figure 2-5 Composition of hydraulic supply and control system 20 图 2-6 渗透仪系统 20 Figure 2-6 Osmotic meter system 20 图 2-7 渗透仪组装图 21 Figure 2-7 Assembly diagram of permeameter 21 图 2-