布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡稳定性研究.pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡稳定性研究 Study on the Stability of the West Side Slope of Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine 作 者陈 伟 导 师陈树召 讲师 中国矿业大学 二○一九年五月 学位论文使用授权声明 学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、 使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权， 即 ①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 中图分类号 TD824 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士专业学位论文 布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡稳定性研究 Study on the Stability of the West Side Slope of Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine 作 者 陈伟 导 师 陈树召 申请学位 工程硕士 培养单位 矿业学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 露天开采 答辩委员会主席 周伟 评 阅 人 二○一九年五月 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 陈伟 在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案的要 求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学位 论文,经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文 撰写格式符合学校的相关规定， 同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专 家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 致谢 致谢 本毕业论文是在导师陈树召的悉心指导下完成的。从论文的选题、研究思 路、理论分析到论文的定稿无不浸透着导师的心血。导师渊博的知识、严谨的 求实的治学态度、谦虚谨慎的高贵品格、忘我的工作热情以及平易近人的作风 对我有着非常深远的影响，激励我不断努力学习和工作，向着更高的人生目标 奋斗。研究生期间，在老师的无私关怀和细心照顾下，我不仅学到了露天采矿 方面的专业知识，而且也懂得了许多生活的道理，值此论文完成之际，特向导 师陈树召致以最真诚的祝福和最诚挚的敬意 作者在完成论文期间，得到了中国矿业大学露天开采与边坡工程研究所各 位老师的热情帮助，在此特向才庆祥教授、尚涛教授、舒继森教授、周伟教 授、彭洪阁副教授、韩流老师和丁小华老师表示衷心的感谢。研究生期间，得 到了中国矿业大学矿业工程学院和研究生院的领导及老师的支持，在此一并致 以诚挚的谢意 作者在论文撰写过程中，得到了实验室常治国博士、时旭阳博士、陆翔博 士、杨猛硕士、李新鹏硕士、孟鑫硕士、栾博钰硕士、王靖伟硕士、刘智超硕 士、吴榕真硕士、曹寿鹤硕士等师兄弟的支持和帮助；感谢他们长久以来对我 的陪伴，为我营造了良好的学习和科研环境。感谢在参考文献中列出的以及没 有列出的所有给与我启发的研究成果的作者 感谢小龙潭矿务局的各位领导和同仁， 在我论文写作期间， 提供了很多相关 的资料和思路，在此向他们表示感谢 感谢我的亲人， 你们是我坚实的后盾， 我的每一点进步都离不开你们的关怀， 支持和鼓励 最后，感谢百忙之中抽出时间给与悉心评阅和指教的诸位专家，祝你们平 安健康快乐。 陈伟 2019 年 5 月 1 日 I 摘摘 要要 露天矿边坡稳定性问题关乎着露天矿能否正常生产， 因此边坡防治问题将是 的解决将给露天矿带来巨大的利益。 如何能有效的解决滑坡问题是露天采矿领域 研究的重点内容之一。 布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡所处位置的地质构造极为复杂， 受 到多个断层的交互切割和影响，整个西帮被分割为若干个独立区域。 本论文针对布沼坝西帮边坡裂隙发育较大， 滑坡现象较严重这一问题进行边 坡稳定性研究， 在确定西帮地质构造的前提下，对已发生的滑坡现象进行原因分 析， 得出该露天矿的滑坡模式，基于该模式分析出造成滑坡的主要因素为岩性参 数、结构面强度、构造应力、边坡几何结构、爆破震动等，通过收集各历史课题 的岩层物理力学参数，多因素综合分析确定本次研究所需的岩层物理力学参数。 本次研究利用 Slpoe 软件和 Sigma 软件分析原始边坡的稳定性， 并在边坡治理之 后，结合水力因素、地应力条件下、爆破震动等因素下借助 FLAC3D软件进行稳 定性分析，对治理方案效果进行验证，最终提出边坡安全的监测方案，本论文的 研究思路及研究过程中所用到的方法可为现场实际提供重要的帮助。 该论文有图 68 幅，表 19 个，参考文献 75 篇。 关键词关键词露天煤矿；西帮稳定性；清方减载；边坡监测 II Abstract The stability of open pit slopes is related to the normal production of open pit mines. Therefore, the problem of slope prevention will be a solution that will bring huge benefits to open pit mines. How to effectively solve the landslide problem is one of the key points in the field of open pit mining. The geological structure of the west slope of the Buzhaoba open-pit mine is extremely complex, and is affected by the interaction and cutting of multiple faults. The entire west side was divided into separate areas. In this paper, the slope stability is studied in the west slope of Buzhaoba, and the slope stability is studied. Under the premise of determining the geological structure of the west side, the cause of the landslide phenomenon has been analyzed. The landslide mode of the open pit mine is based on the analysis of the main factors causing the landslide lithology parameters, structural plane strength, tectonic stress, slope geometry, blasting vibration, etc., by collecting the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock ations of various historical topics, The comprehensive analysis of factors determined the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock ation required for this study. This study uses Slpoe software and Sigma software to analyze the stability of the original slope, and after the slope treatment, combined with hydraulic factors, geostress conditions, blasting vibration and other factors, the stability analysis with FLAC3D software, the effect of the treatment program To verify and finally propose a slope safety monitoring program, the research ideas of this paper and the s used in the research process can provide important help for the field. The paper has 68 pictures, 19 tables, and 75 references. Keywords Open pit coal mines; Stability of the west side; Clear the load; Slope monitoring III 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ........................................................................................................................ III 图清单图清单 ....................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单 ........................................................................................................................ XI 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................. XIII 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景及意义..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 主要研究内容和方法............................................................................................. 4 1.4 研究技术路线......................................................................................................... 6 2 布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡稳定性影响因素分析布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡稳定性影响因素分析 ....................................................... 7 2.1 西帮滑坡原因分析................................................................................................. 7 2.2 岩性参数及结构面强度......................................................................................... 8 2.3 构造应力影响....................................................................................................... 10 2.4 水力学因素........................................................................................................... 11 2.5 边坡几何结构差异............................................................................................... 13 2.6 爆破震动的影响................................................................................................... 18 2.7 本章小结............................................................................................................... 18 3 布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡岩体物理力学参数确定布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡岩体物理力学参数确定 ................................................. 19 3.1 边坡岩性参数研究............................................................................................... 19 3.2 历史课题选用的岩层物理力学参数................................................................... 22 3.3 西帮边坡岩体力学参数确定............................................................................... 27 3.4 本章小结................................................................................................................ 29 4 布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡稳定性评价布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡稳定性评价 ..................................................................... 30 4.1 西帮现状边坡稳定性评价.................................................................................... 30 4.2 边坡治理方案....................................................................................................... 40 4.3 边坡治理后边坡二维稳定性分析....................................................................... 41 4.4 边坡治理后边坡三维稳定性分析....................................................................... 44 4.5 本章小结................................................................................................................ 51 IV 5 布沼坝露天矿边坡安全监测方案布沼坝露天矿边坡安全监测方案 ......................................................................... 52 5.1 监测点布置原则................................................................................................... 52 5.2 监测点布置方案................................................................................................... 53 5.3 监测设备类型与成本核算................................................................................... 56 5.4 本章小结............................................................................................................... 56 6 结论结论 ......................................................................................................................... 57 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 58 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 63 学位论文原创性说明学位论文原创性说明 ................................................................................................. 64 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 65 V Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................... I Contents ..................................................................................................................... III List of Figures ........................................................................................................... VII List of Tables .............................................................................................................. XI List of Variables...................................................................................................... XIII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background and Significance ................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Status ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Main Research Contents and s .................................................................... 4 1.4 Research Technical Route ........................................................................................ 6 2 Analysis of Factors Affecting the Stability of the West Side of Buzhaoba Open- Pit Mine ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Analysis of the Landside Reason of West Side ........................................................ 7 2.2 Lithological Parameters and Structural Plane Strength ........................................... 8 2.3 Tectonic Stress Effect ............................................................................................. 10 2.4 Hydraulic Factors ................................................................................................... 11 2.5 Slope Geometry Difference ................................................................................... 13 2.6 Impact of Blasting Vibration .................................................................................. 18 2.7 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 18 3 Determination of the Physical and Mechanical Parameters of the West Slope of Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine ........................................................................................ 19 3.1 Study on Slope Lithology Parameters.................................................................... 19 3.2 Rock ation Physical and Mechanical Parameters Selected for Historical Topics ........................................................................................................................... 22 3.3 Determination of Main Parameters of the West Side Slope ................................... 27 3.4 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 29 4 uation of Stability of West Slope of Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine ................... 30 4.1 uation of Slope Stability of West Slope .......................................................... 30 VI 4.2 Slope Treatment Program ...................................................................................... 40 4.3 Two-Dimensional Stability Analysis of Slope After Treatment............................. 41 4.4 Three-Dimensional Stability Analysis of Slope After Treatment .......................... 44 4.5 Summary ................................................................................................................ 51 5 Slope Safety Monitoring Program of Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine ........................ 52 5.1 Principles for the Layout of Monitoring Points ..................................................... 52 5.2 Monitoring Station Layout Plan............................................................................. 53 5.3 Monitoring Equipment Type and Cost Accounting ............................................... 56 5.4 Three-Dimensional Stability Analysis of Slope After Treatment .......................... 56 5.5 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 57 5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 57 References ................................................................................................................... 58 Author Resume ........................................................................................................... 63 Declearration of Thesis Originality .......................................................................... 64 Thesis Data Collection ............................................................................................... 65 VII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 布沼坝露天矿西帮边坡变形和裂缝 2 Figure 1-1 Deation and crack of the west slope of the Buzhaba open pit mine 2 图 1-2 论文研究技术路线 6 Figure 1-2 research technology roadmap 6 图 2-1 西帮边坡断层位置分布图 8 Figure 2-1 Distribution of fault location at the west slope 8 图 2-2 滑面底部剪出类型 9 Figure 2-2 Slip surface bottom cut type 9 图 2-3 断层结构面解锁条件 9 Figure 2-3 Unlocking condition of fault structure plane 9 图 2-4 小龙潭矿区采场和排土场的位置分布图 10 Figure 2-4 Location map of stope and dumping site in Xiaolongtan mining area 10 图 2-5 小龙潭矿区构造主应力方向 10 Figure 2-5 Main stress direction of the Xiaolongtan mining area 10 图 2-6 张裂缝充水产生的静水压力和托浮力 11 Figure 2-6 Hydrostatic pressure and buoyancy force generated by water filling 11 图 2-7 地下水的潜蚀作用 12 Figure 2-7 The erosive effect of groundwater 12 图 2-8 346 线地表监测点在不同时期的变形速度曲线 13 Figure 2-8 Deation velocity curve of 346 line surface monitoring points in different periods 13 图 2-9 边坡水平断面形状 14 Figure 2-9 Horizontal section shape of the slope 14 图 2-10 采场三维地形图 14 Figure 2-10 Three-dimensional topographic map of the stope 14 图 2-11 西北帮三维结构 15 Figure 2-11 Three-dimensional structure of the northwestern side 15 图 2-12 西北帮界外山体形态 15 Figure 2-12 The shape of the mountain outside th