色连煤矿河床下开采安全性研究.pdf
硕士学位论文 色连煤矿河床下开采安全性研究 Research on the Safety of Mining under River at Selian Colliery 作 者蔡宇 导 师周华强 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一五年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 TD823 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 色连煤矿河床下开采安全性研究 Research on the Safety of Mining under River at Selian Colliery 作 者 蔡宇 导 师 周华强 教授 申请学位 工学硕士学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 绿色采矿 答辩委员会主席 评 阅 人 二○一五年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一, 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权,即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;②为教学和 科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外,根据有关法规,同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 蔡宇 在规定的学习年限内, 按照研究生培养方案的要 求,完成了研究生课程的学习,成绩合格;在我的指导下完成本学位 论文,经审阅,论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文 撰写格式符合学校的相关规定, 同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专 家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致谢致谢 本论文是在周华强教授的悉心指导和亲切关怀下完成的。硕士三年中,周 老师在学习、生活上给予学生无微不至的关怀。导师高尚的思想道德、渊博的 学识、严谨的治学态度和宽广的胸襟深深的影响和教育着学生,学生必将受益 终身。在此,谨向恩师表示衷心的感谢和深深的敬意。 在论文的撰写过程中,周华强老师给予了多方面的帮助和指导,使之得以 顺利完成。在校对过程中得到了宋光远、刘长安、蒋昊良、王宁、高少辉、申 亚楠、刘伟涛、仲米原等实验室各位师兄弟的热情帮助,在此表示诚挚谢意。 在现场调研及工程实践中,得到了山西大同煤业集团色连煤矿王爱午总工 程师和王伟工程师等现场人员的大力协助,以及中矿大贝克福尔科技有限公司 内各位领导和同事的热情帮助, 他们务实认真的作风让人印象深刻, 值得学习。 在此谢谢他们对本人的照顾,及对本文所作出的贡献。 感谢三年来家人及周围朋友对本人学业、生活上的支持和照顾,尤其感谢 父母一直以来默默为之付出,在此表示深深的谢意。 感谢在百忙之中抽出时间对本论文进行评审和答辩的各位专家敬请给予 指导和启迪。 感谢论文中所引用文献的作者。 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 我国许多煤矿开采受到水体威胁, 防治水已是煤矿生产中的一大难题。 山西、 陕西和内蒙古西部是我国重要的大型煤炭基地,该地区煤层厚、埋藏浅,地质条 件优越,但是浅埋厚煤层开采也对预防地表水体的威胁提出了新挑战。色连煤矿 位于内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区东胜煤田的中北部, 矿井一次采全高开采多层浅埋煤层, 煤层厚度变化起伏大,地表河流、沟谷密布。本文以色连煤矿河床下多煤层开采 为研究对象,对其覆岩导水裂隙带与地表河流的导通性进行了研究,取得以下主 要成果 (1)结合矿井地质采矿条件,利用井下仰空双端封堵注水侧漏装置和岩层 钻孔探测仪,观测 2-2 上煤覆岩在充分采动状态的导水裂隙带高度,得出导水裂 隙带最大高度为 82m,裂采比为 20.5,采动裂隙发育程度高。 (2) 以 2-2 上煤和 2-2 中煤为原型, 进行了相似模拟试验和数值模拟计算, 研究覆岩在重复采动下的变形破坏特征。其中,相似模拟试验结果表明2-2 上 煤开挖后,最大裂隙带高度为 78m,裂采比为 19.5;2-2 中煤开挖后,导水裂隙 带高度二次发育,最终高度为 95m;数值模拟计算结果表明开挖 2-2 上煤后, 裂隙带在采空区两侧发育最高,约为 88m,采裂比 22;开挖 2-2 中煤后,导水 裂隙带高度发育至 108m 左右。 (3)利用 matlab 软件对导水裂隙带与地表河床的导通性进行了分析,评价 了各煤层回采的安全性。针对潜在危险区域,提出了两种安全技术措施,即限厚 开采、 非胶结膏体充填, 并以 2-2 上煤为例, 分析得出了非胶结膏体的充填高度、 及限厚开采的采高。 本文的研究成果, 不仅对色连煤矿河床下浅埋多煤层的安全开采具有现实意 义,同时也对其它类似矿井解放水体下压煤有一定借鉴作用。 该论文有图 52 幅,表 17 个,参考文献 86 篇。 关键词关键词导水裂隙带;地表河流;相似模拟;数值模拟;安全性评价 万方数据 II Abstract Many coal mining in China are threatened by water, prevention of water is a major problem in coal production and research. Shanxi, Shaanxi and western Inner Mongolia is an important large coal base in China. Coal resources in this area have thick coal bed, shallow buried depth and superior geological and mining conditions, but also present a new challenge to the mining of thick coal bed and shallow buried depth and the prevention of surface water. Selian coal mine is located in north-central part of Dongsheng coalfield, the western Ordos’s region of Inner Mongolia. The mine pit has mined a number of shallow coal seams, of which the thickness of coal seam is changeable, and the surfaces are full of rivers and ravines. In this paper, the mining of shallow buried multiple coal seams beneath the riverbed in Selian coal mine is the main study object , which mainly achieved the following results 1 Combined with mine geology and mining conditions, with the help of double side sealing sliding sideways device and rock hole detecting instrument, observing the height of water flowing fractured zone of 2-2 upper coal overlying strata in the full mining condition, finally conclusion that the maximum height of the water flowing fractured zone of the 2-2 upper coal in Selian coal mine is 82m, split-production ratio was 20.5 and the development degree of mining-induced fractures was high. 2 Modeled after main coal seams the 2-2 upper coal and 2-2 middle coal, mining similar simulation experiment and numerical modeling calculation have been conducted to study overlying strata’s characteristics of deation and failure under repeated mining. Among them, the similar simulation results showed that after 2-2 upper coal’s excavation, the maximum height of fissure zone was 78m, split-production ratio was 19.5; after 2-2 middle coal’s excavation, the height of water flowing fractured zone grown for the second time, of which the final height was 95m; the numerical modeling calculation results show that after 2-2 upper coal’s excavation, fissure zone on the both sides of goaf had the highest growth, about 88m, and mining split ratio was 22; after 2-2 upper coal’s excavation, mining-induced fissure of overlying strata was obviously in the shape of “saddle”, and after the secondary mining, the height of water flowing fractured zone highly developed to about 108m. 万方数据 III 3 According to mine geology and mining conditions, the continuity of the water flowing fractured zone and the surface river bed has been quantifiably analyzed by the use of matlab software and the safety of the various coal mining has been uated.For potential danger regions of surface rivers in Selian coal mine, two coal mining safety technical measures have been presented, limiting the mining thickness and non consolidated paste fill, and taking 2-2 upper coal as an example, the results of the height of non-cemented paste filling and limiting the mining thickness have been got. Results of this study, not only have practical significance to safely mining of multiple coal beds and shallow buried depth in Selian coal mine, but also can be used for the reference to further exploit the pressed coal under water. The dissertation contains 52 pictures, 17 Tables and 86 references in this paper. KeywordsWater Flowing Fractured Zone; Surface Rivers; Similar Simulation; Numerical Simulation; Safety uation 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ......................................................................................................................... ⅣⅣ 图清单图清单 ......................................................................................................................... ⅧⅧ 表清单表清单 ......................................................................................................................... ⅫⅫ 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 选题背景和研究意义 .. ......................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .. ................................................................................................. 2 1.3 研究内容与方法 .. ................................................................................................. 9 2 井田概况及地质条件井田概况及地质条件 ............................................................................................. 10 2.1 地形地貌 ......................................................................................................... 10 2.2 地质采矿条件 ................................................................................................. 10 2.3 开采现状 ......................................................................................................... 14 2.4 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 15 3 导水裂隙带高度观测导水裂隙带高度观测 ............................................................................................. 17 3.1 现场观测方法 ................................................................................................. 17 3.2 现场实测方案 ................................................................................................. 20 3.3 注水试验结果及分析 ..................................................................................... 23 3.4 钻孔窥视结果 ................................................................................................. 27 3.5 地表裂缝 .......................................................................................................... 30 3.6 本章小结 .......................................................................................................... 31 4 重复采动覆岩变形破坏研究重复采动覆岩变形破坏研究 ................................................................................. 32 4.1 重复采动覆岩变形破坏相似模拟研究............................................................ 32 4.2 重复采动覆岩变形破坏数值模拟研究 ......................................................... 41 4.3 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 44 5 河床下开采安全性评价河床下开采安全性评价 ......................................................................................... 46 5.1 2-2 上煤开采安全性评价 . .............................................................................. 46 5.2 其它煤层开采安全性评价 ............................................................................. 53 5.3 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 60 万方数据 V 6 河床下开采安全技术措施河床下开采安全技术措施 ..................................................................................... 61 6.1 首采面 8101 涌水分析 ....................................................................................... 61 6.2 安全技术措施 ..................................................................................................... 64 6.3 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 69 7 结论与存在的问题结论与存在的问题 ................................................................................................. 70 7.1 主要结论 ......................................................................................................... 70 7.2 存在的问题 ......................................................................................................... 71 参考文献参考文献 ................................................................................................................... 72 作者简历作者简历 ................................................................................................................... 76 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ............................................................................................... 77 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ....................................................................................................... 78 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................... ⅡⅡ Contents ...................................................................................................................... ⅥⅥ List of Figures ............................................................................................................. ⅧⅧ List of Tables ............................................................................................................... ⅫⅫ 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose application/pdf 电子版论文出版(发布)者电子版论文出版(发布)者 电子版论文出版(发布)地电子版论文出版(发布)地 权限声明权限声明 论文总页数论文总页数* 78 注共注共 33 项,其中带项,其中带*为必填数据,共为必填数据,共 22 项。项。 万方数据