煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理理论与应用研究.pdf

分类号分类号 密密 级级 太原理工大学 博 太原理工大学 博 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 题题 目目 煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理理论与应用研究煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理理论与应用研究 英文并列题目英文并列题目 Theoretical and Application Study on the Dynamic Visual Mining and Excavating Management System of Coal Mine 研究生姓名研究生姓名 邢 存 恩 邢 存 恩 专专 业业 采矿工程 采矿工程 研 究 方 向研 究 方 向 采矿系统工程 采矿系统工程 导 师 姓 名导 师 姓 名 赵 阳 升 赵 阳 升 职职 称称 教 授 教 授 论文提交日期论文提交日期 2009/4 授予学位单位授予学位单位 太原理工大学太原理工大学 地地 址址 山西太原山西太原 太 原 理 工 大 学 太 原 理 工 大 学 Dissertation Applied for Ph.D Degree Title Theoretical and Application Study on the Dynamic Visual mining and excavating Management System of Coal Mine Candidate Xing Cunen Specialty Mining Engineering Tutor Professor Zhao Yangsheng Taiyuan University of Technology April，，2009 煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理理论与应用研究 摘摘 要要 煤炭工业作为我国能源生产的一个支柱工业，在国民经济中占有十分 重要的地位。 煤矿的信息化和数字化建设是 21 世纪煤矿生产技术管理的必 然趋势。CAD、GIS 和可视化技术的集成研究是当今煤矿数字化发展和建 设重要前沿。 论文以系统工程思想为指导， 以 AutoCAD 系统为图形支撑环境， 运用 图形学理论、数据库理论和集成化技术，将 CAD、GIS 和图形可视化等计 算机应用技术与传统的煤炭行业结合起来， 对煤矿采掘工程空间信息表示、 工程设计、计划编制、测量填图改图、安全信息管理、三维建模及其可视 化等相关技术进行了深入研究，开发出了煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理的 原型系统。主要研究内容包括六个方面①采掘工程动态可视化管理系统 构造；②采掘工程专业图素库的构造及属性化表示研究；采掘工程属性数 据录入系统研究；③采掘工程 GIS 数据结构研究；④采掘工程衔接计划编 制管理研究；⑤采掘工程安全信息管理研究；⑥采掘工程三维可视化模型 设计与实现等内容。 论文分析了煤矿 CAD、GIS 和图形可视化等应用技术的研究状况、存 在问题和发展趋势，构造了“煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理系统”的总体 模型框图，以及各子系统模型框图。 论文对煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理系统中专业图素集的进行了研 究。分析了采掘工程图素集的构成及分类，探讨了图素空间信息的表示方 法，构造了采掘工程图素空间数据结构模型。该数据模型成功地将图素的 “几何属性” 和 “非几何属性” 集成在一起。 并进一步研究了基于 AutoCAD 图形支撑平台下采掘工程动态管理系统专业图素，构造了采掘工程属性数 据录入系统。 基于 GIS 数据结构理论，结合采掘工程动态管理系统的实际问题，采 掘工程动态管理系统将采掘工程空间信息和属性信息按照两种数据管理模 式管理一种是常用数据的附着式数据库管理，它与图形图素绑定在一起， 保存在图形数据库；另一种就是 GIS 系统常用的关系数据库管理，该数据 库独立于图形保存。 论文以煤矿系统工程研究的成果为基础，结合作者从事煤矿计算机生 产管理项目研究与开发过程中遇到的各类问题及其解决方案，系统深入地 分析了煤矿采掘工程设计、采掘衔接计划编制、采掘测量填图改图问题。 论文提出了在 AutoCAD 系统图形支撑环境下，基于 GIS 的煤矿采掘衔接 管理信息系统开发的新思路和主要算法流程，探讨了基于图形的知识推理 过程。构造了采掘工程设计、计划、测量等子系统，实现了采掘工程的动 态可视化管理。 针对我国煤矿井下信息化程度低、安全管理不到位、缺乏必要的安全 信息监控等特点，论文设计了“采掘工程安全信息管理系统”模块。实现 了采掘工程安全信息管理。该模块提高了井下安全生产的管理水平和井下 事故救援的处理能力，实现了井下安全和救援工作的信息化，促进了矿山 企业的信息化进程和整体水平的提高。 论文在分析了煤矿采掘工程三维模型的数据特征和数据结构基础上， 研究探讨了基于 AutoCAD 图形支撑平台下， 建立煤层底板曲面模型和建立 巷道三维立体模型的方法。 关键词关键词煤矿，采掘管理，CAD，GIS，可视化，三维图形，数据结构 THEORETICAL AND APPLICATION STUDY ON THE DYNAMIC VISUAL MINING AND EXCAVATING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF COAL MINE ABSTRACT As a mainstay industry of energy sources in our country, the coal industry has a very important position in national economy. It become a inevitable trend of producing and technology management that Inationization and digitalization of coal mine built in 21 centuries. Nowadays, integrated research on CAD, GIS and visualization is a foreland of development and construction of digitalization technical in coal industry realm. The thesis taking the of system engineering as instruction, AutoCAD system as works environment, and making use of the theory of graph and database theories and integration technique, integrated computer application technique such as CAD, GIS and visualization with traditional coal subject, invent the mining and excavating engineering dynamic visual archetype system of coal mine through deep studying related technique that include mining engineering space present of coal mine , engineering designed, the plan drawn up, filling and modifying diagram for survey, safe ination management, 3D mold set up and visualization technique. The main research contents includes six parts ① the mining and excavating engineering dynamic visual management system structure of coal mine ; ② the present research on the structure of mining and excavating engineering graphics element storeroom and attribute ;research on the system of ting based-graphics ; ③ The GIS data structure of the mining and excavating engineering study; ④ The management research on designing mining and excavating linking plan ; ⑤ the safe ination management study of mining and excavating engineering; ⑥ some contents about 3D visualization design and carrying out of the mining and excavating engineering etc. The thesis put forward to developing the project that “the mining and excavating engineering dynamic visualization management system of the coal mine“ in virtue of analyzing the application technical such as CAD, GIS and graphic visualization research ,condition, existence problem and development the trend of coal mine etc. It is the first time lead “visualization“ and “integration “ thought into the production control system of the coal mining and excavating. The paper studied professional graphic element aggregate structure of in the mining and excavating engineering dynamic visualization management of the coal mine. Analyzed composing and classification about the pixel gather of mining and excavating engineering , discussed the mean of ination of the pixel space a , established the structure model of the pixel data of the mining and excavating engineering. The datas model successfully integrates “geometrical attributes“ of the pixel with “no- geometrical attribute“ together. It is adapt to the attribute mines graphic with “engineering meaning“ processing data. Further more, it studied common and professional pixel of the digging engineerings dynamic management system based on the plat of AutoCAD system, and set up the ting system of mining and excavating engineerings basically original graphic. According to the data’s structure theories of GIS, considering the actual problem, the dynamic management system of the digging engineering was divided the space and attribute ination of the mining and excavating engineering into two pattern of data managements, one is common embedded database management bonding with pixel and graphic to save in database of graph; Another is relation database management system that was used in GIS in common and independence from saving graphics . The thesis taking the result of the system engineering research of he coal mine as foundation, combining all kinds of problem and their solution that the writer met in practice of researching and developing computer in coal mine, systemically and thoroughly analyzed the mine mining and excavating engineering design of coal mine , establishing link-up mining and excavating plan about coal mine and the problem about measure graphic of filling and modification. Based on the AutoCAD system environment, the thesis put forward a new about developing mining and excavating link-up management ination system of coal mine and main calculating way process, constructed some sub- system like the design, plan and measure of the digging engineering, diagraph etc. It achieved the dynamic visualization management of mining and excavating engineering come true. In respect that the characteristic of lower degree of inationization , managements weaker ability of safety management and lacking necessary supervision to the safe ination, a module of “ mining and excavating engineering safe ination management system“ was designed in the paper. It Carried out a optimization management of safe ination integration. The mold raised the safety management level in production and the processing ability of trouble rescue in coal mine. It is come ture that the work of safety and rescue was inationize in mine, and accelerate inationization progress and raise whole level in corporation of the mine industry . The discourse analyzed the 3D model datas characteristic of the mining and excavating engineering of coal mine and the data structure of 3D. Then studied and discussed the way that establish the curved surfaces mold of coal seam and the tunnels 3D mold based on the graphic plat of the AutoCAD system. KEY WORD Coal mine, the digging management, CAD, GIS, visualization, 3D graph, data structure 目目 录录 摘摘 要要............................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................. III 第一章第一章 绪绪 论论.................................................................................................................1 1.1 概述.........................................................................................................................1 1.1.1 课题研究的背景..............................................................................................1 1.1.2 课题研究的意义..............................................................................................3 1.2 研究现状及存在问题.............................................................................................5 1.2.1 研究现状..........................................................................................................5 1.2.2 存在的问题......................................................................................................8 1.3 CAD、GIS 及可视化技术简介.............................................................................8 1.3.1 CAD 技术及其发展.........................................................................................8 1.3.2 GIS 技术及其发展...........................................................................................9 1.3.3 可视化技术及其发展....................................................................................12 1.3.4 技术发展趋势................................................................................................13 1.4 论文研究的内容和组织结构..............................................................................14 1.4.1 立题思想........................................................................................................14 1.4.2 研究内容........................................................................................................15 1.4.3 研究方法........................................................................................................15 1.4.4 论文组织结构................................................................................................15 第二章第二章 煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理系统结构分析煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理系统结构分析...............................................18 2.1 传统的煤矿采掘工程管理方法...........................................................................18 2.2 煤矿采掘工程动态可视化管理的特点...............................................................18 2.3 采掘工程动态可视化管理系统总体结构...........................................................19 2.3.1 系统开发方法选择........................................................................................19 2.3.2 基于 AutoCAD 的应用软件系统结构..........................................................20 2.3.3 采掘工程动态可视化管理系统总体结构....................................................22 2.3.4 面向对象的采掘工程动态可视化管理系统结构........................................ 23 2.4 采掘工程动态可视化管理系统分系统结构....................................................... 24 2.4.1 采掘工程设计管理系统................................................................................ 24 2.4.2 采掘工程设计数据管理系统........................................................................ 25 2.4.3 采掘工程计划制定与演示管理系统............................................................ 25 2.4.4 采掘工程测量数据管理系统........................................................................ 26 2.4.5 采掘工程测量填图改图系统........................................................................ 26 2.4.6 采掘工程平面图录入系统............................................................................ 27 2.4.7 采掘工程剖面图自动生成系统.................................................................... 28 2.4.8 采掘工程安全信息管理系统........................................................................ 28 2.4.9 采掘工程三维建模显示系统........................................................................ 28 2.5 采掘工程动态管理系统核心结构....................................................................... 29 2.5.1 图形系统核心结构........................................................................................ 29 2.5.2 数据库系统核心结构.................................................................................... 30 第三章第三章 采掘工程动态可视化管理系统图素集构造采掘工程动态可视化管理系统图素集构造 .................................................. 31 3.1 采掘工程图形的内容和特点............................................................................... 31 3.1.1 采掘工程图形的内容.................................................................................... 31 3.1.2 采掘工程图形的特点.................................................................................... 32 3.2 基本图素集的构造原则....................................................................................... 32 3.3 图素集的构造....................................................................................................... 33 3.3.1 采掘工程图形图素化.................................................................................... 33 3.3.2 符号图素的建立............................................................................................ 35 3.3.3 尺寸标注图素................................................................................................ 37 3.4 专业符号图素的建立........................................................................................... 37 3.4.1 专业图形符号的建库.................................................................................... 38 3.4.2 专业线型的开发............................................................................................ 38 3.4.3 专业图案的开发............................................................................................ 41 3.5 采掘工程动态管理系统图素属性化模型........................................................... 43 3.5.1 煤矿采掘工程图素的含义............................................................................ 43 3.5.2 煤矿采掘工程图素属性的性质.................................................................... 44 3.5.3 煤矿采掘工程图素属性的作用....................................................................44 3.5.4 采掘工程图素属性的表示方法....................................................................44 3.5.5 采掘工程图素工程数据结构........................................................................47 第四章第四章 采掘工程动态可视化管理系统数据结构采掘工程动态可视化管理系统数据结构.......................................................49 4.1 GIS 的数据模型....................................................................................................49 4.1.1 GIS 数据库.....................................................................................................49 4.1.2 GIS 数据模型.................................................................................................50 4.1.3 数据管理类型及结构....................................................................................51 4.2 采掘工程 GIS 数据库结构的建立.......................................................................53 4.2.1 数据库的设计原则........................................................................................54 4.2.2 数据库设计过程与方法................................................................................54 4.2.3 采掘空间数据库的设计..............................