杭来湾煤矿涌水危险性分析及其防治技术研究.pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 杭来湾煤矿涌水危险性分析 及其防治技术研究 Risk Analysis and Prevention Technology of Water Gushing in Hanglaiwan Coal Mine 作 者顾世乾 导 师马立强 教授 中国矿业大学 二Ｏ一九年十二月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士专业学位论文 杭来湾煤矿涌水危险性分析 及其防治技术研究 Risk Analysis and Prevention Technology of Water Gushing in Hanglaiwan Coal Mine 作 者 顾世乾 导 师 马立强 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 绿色开采 答辩委员会主席 曹安业 评 阅 人 盲审 二○一九年十二月 万方数据 致谢致谢 三年磨一剑，霜刃未曾试。 通过三年多时间在中国矿业大学的学习，让我深刻感受到开拓创新、严谨治 学的理念，同时也让我深深体会到世界先进、一流学科的底蕴，让我亲密接触到 大国巨匠、 为人师表的先生们， 也让我真诚结交到五湖四海、 各有所长的同窗们。 在这里我要感谢母校给我提供优越的学习研究环境， 感谢导师及各位老师给我的 不倦教诲，感谢各位同学对我的关心和帮助。 我本科专业为电气工程及自动化专业。本着为了挑战自我，为了探知未知学 科，为了扩宽自己视野，为了想将电气专业和采矿专业更好融合，将自己锻造成 为一个全才的初衷。我研究生专业方向毅然选择报考了矿业工程专业。在刚刚接 触矿业工程专业时， 我曾遇过挑战、 困难和瓶颈。 学习中， 我还会用电气原理图、 接线图和现场接线的思维去学习和实践。慢慢的，我发现理论、方法、实践、总 结、再方法、再实践、再总结才是我要掌握的。每当我遇到本专业继续学习下去 地阻碍时，我的导师都会苦口婆心、孜孜不倦得对我加以开导、点拨，也正是导 师的帮助，让我勇于喊出霜刃未曾试的话语，勇于去这朝试锋芒。 经过近一年的时间，我的研究经历了作茧自缚到破壳重生，经历了襁褓之年 到蹒跚学步，经历了从丑小鸭至白天鹅之涅槃。经历了林林种种，才得以今日试 锋芒。 论文中若有不妥之处， 还望各位同仁及时给与指正， 我将本着严谨、 认真、 踏实、求是的态度做好此论文的研究和撰写工作，最终得以让它振翅高飞。 谢谢 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 针对近距离含水层下矿井涌水的问题，以杭来湾煤矿 3 号煤层开采为背景， 在进行地表沉陷特征分析的基础上，采用数值计算、 理论分析等方法研究了综采 工作面覆岩导水裂隙带高度，预测了矿井 5 年后的月平均涌水量，分析了开采 3 号煤层的涌水危险性，提出了防治矿井涌水的技术。 分析了 30101 工作面（采高 4.5m）地表下沉量的实测数据，结果表明地 表的最大下沉量为 2.5m，滞后工作面 15m 处开始下沉；在 120～150m 范围内地 表下沉量大；工作面采动后，沿煤层走向形成了局部的”U”型结构，凹陷范围 约 330m。同时，采用 FLAC3D数值模拟表明，地表的最大下沉量为 2.75m。 采用 FLAC3D数值模拟、经验公式预测，以及钻孔冲洗液漏失量实测等方法 研究了采动覆岩导水裂隙带的高度。 数值计算得出导水裂隙带高度为 102.1m （22 倍采高） ，经验公式计算的导水裂隙带高度为 69.71m，实测导水裂隙带的高度为 98.1m。根据上述研究得到的导水裂隙带的高度，结合杭来湾煤矿的地质资料， 确定开采该煤层必然导通上覆的七里镇砂岩含水层。 利用 MATLAB 软件对矿井涌水量的数据进行拟合，预测出矿井 5 年后的月 平均涌水量为 1367.1m/h，相比当前月平均涌水量（934.2m/h）增幅 46.3。 据此设计和验证了矿井的排水量，保证其符合矿井防治水细则中关于矿井排 水量规定的要求。 结合相似、相邻矿井的防治矿井涌水的成功经验，对杭来湾煤矿回采区域进 行矿井涌水危险性分析，提出设置水文监测预警系统、 留设防水及安全保护煤柱 等防治矿井涌水技术，为煤矿安全生产提供了科学依据，保障了矿工的人身和财 产安全，也为矿井的安全、高效生产提供了可靠的技术保障。 该论文有图 25 幅，表 11 个，参考文献 107 篇。 关键词关键词数值模拟；涌水危险性分析；水害防治；导水裂隙带高度 万方数据 II Abstract In view of the problem of mine water inrush under the close aquifer, based on the mining of No.3 Coal Seam in hanglaiwan coal mine, on the basis of the analysis of the characteristics of surface subsidence, the paper studies the height of the water diversion fracture zone in the overburden of the comprehensive mining face by using the s of numerical calculation and theoretical analysis, and predicts the monthly average water inrush of the mine five years later, analyzes the risk of water inrush in No. 3 coal seam, and puts forward the technology of preventing and controlling water inrush. The measured data of surface subsidence of working face 30101 mining height of 4.5m are analyzed. The results show that the maximum subsidence of the surface is 2.5m, which starts to sink 15 m behind the working face; the surface subsidence is large in the range of 120-150m; after the mining of working face, a local “u“ structure is ed along the coal seam trend, with the depression range of about 330m. At the same time, FLAC3D numerical simulation shows that the maximum subsidence of the surface is 2.75m. In this paper, FLAC3D numerical simulation, empirical ula prediction, and borehole ing fluid leakage measurement are used to study the height of water conducting fracture zone in mining overburden. According to the numerical calculation, the height of the water diversion fracture zone is 102.1m 22 times of the mining height, the height of the water diversion fracture zone calculated by the empirical ula is 69.71m, and the measured height of the water diversion fracture zone is 98.1m. According to the height of the water diversion fracture zone obtained from the above study, combined with the geological data of hanglaiwan coal mine, it is determined that the mining of the coal seam must lead to the overlying qilizhen sandstone aquifer. By using MATLAB software to fit the data of mine water inflow, it is predicted that the average monthly water inflow of the mine after 5 years is 1367.1m3/h, which is 46.3 higher than the current average monthly water inflow 934.2m3 / h. According to this, the drainage capacity of the mine is designed and verified to ensure that it meets the requirements of the regulations on the drainage capacity of the mine in the detailed rules for the prevention and control of mine water. According to the above statistical analysis, combined with the successful 万方数据 III experience of prevention and control of mine water inrush in similar and adjacent mines, this paper analyzes the risk of mine water inrush in the mining area of hanglaiwan coal mine, and puts forward the prevention and control technology of mine water inrush, such as setting up hydrological monitoring and early warning system, setting up waterproof and safety protection coal pillars, which provides a scientific basis for the safe production of coal mines and guarantees the safety of miners lives and properties It also provides a reliable technical guarantee for the safe and efficient production of the mine. This paper has 25 figures, 11tables and 107 references. Keywords numerical simulation; risk analysis of water inflow; prevention and control of water hazards; height of water conduction fracture zone 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ........................................................................................................................ IV 图清单图清单 ..................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单 .......................................................................................................................... X 变量注释表变量注释表 ................................................................................................................ XI 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 问题的提出与研究的意义..................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 主要研究内容......................................................................................................... 8 1.4 研究方法与技术路线............................................................................................. 8 2 矿井概况矿井概况 .................................................................................................................. 10 2.1 井田概况............................................................................................................... 11 2.2 矿井采掘概况....................................................................................................... 13 3 地表沉陷规律与地表沉陷规律与“三带三带”高度高度 ................................................................................. 15 3.1 地表沉陷规律....................................................................................................... 15 3.2 “三带”高度 ......................................................................................................... 34 3.3 小结....................................................................................................................... 40 4 矿井涌水危险性分析矿井涌水危险性分析 .............................................................................................. 41 4.1 煤层顶底板稳定性分析....................................................................................... 41 4.2 煤层顶板冒裂程度分析 ..................................................................................... 42 4.3 充水含水层富水性分析....................................................................................... 42 4.4 矿井充水条件....................................................................................................... 43 4.5 矿井涌水量分析................................................................................................... 44 4.6 小结....................................................................................................................... 47 5 矿井水害防治矿井水害防治 .......................................................................................................... 51 5.1 矿井水文监测预警系统....................................................................................... 51 5.2 采、掘工作面防治水技术................................................................................... 51 万方数据 V 5.3 留设安全保护煤柱............................................................................................... 54 5.4 井下探、放水技术............................................................................................... 55 5.5 矿井排水设施及能力........................................................................................... 56 5.6 地表防治水技术................................................................................................... 58 5.7 应急救援............................................................................................................... 59 5.8 小结....................................................................................................................... 59 6 结论结论 .......................................................................................................................... 61 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 62 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 68 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 69 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 70 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... Ⅵ List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ................................................................................................................ X List of Variables......................................................................................................... XI 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 ulation of the Problem and the Significance of the Study ............................... 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad ...................................................................... 2 1.3 The Main Contents ................................................................................................... 8 1.4 The Main s of the Study .............................................................................. 8 2 Summary of Mine ................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Basic Condition of Mine ........................................................................................ 11 2.2 General Situation of Mine Excavation Face .......................................................... 14 3 Surface Subsidence Law and “Three Belts“ Height ............................................ 15 3.1 Law of Surface Subsidence .................................................................................... 15 3.2 “Three Bands“ Observation ................................................................................... 34 3.3 Summary ................................................................................................................ 40 4 Risk Analysis of Water Inflow from Coal Seam Roof .......................................... 41 4.1 Stability Analysis of Coal Seam Roof and Floor ................................................... 41 4.2 Analysis and uation of Coal Seam Roof Cracking Degree ............................. 42 4.3 Analysis and uation of Water Enrichment of Water Filled Aquifer ................ 42 4.4 Water Filling Condition of Mine ............................................................................ 43 4.5 Underground Water Inflow Monitoring ................................................................. 44 4.6 Summary ................................................................................................................ 47 5 Prevention and Control of Mine Water Disaster ................................................. 51 5.1 Mine Hydrological Monitoring and Early Warning System .................................. 51 5.2 The Prevention and Control of Water in Working Face ......................................... 51 5.3 Setting up Waterproof and Safe Coal Pillars ......................................................... 54 万方数据 VII 5.4 Underground Exploration and Water Release Measures ....................................... 55 5.5 Mine Drainage Facilities and Capacity .................................................................. 56 5.6 Surface Water Control Measures ........................................................................... 58 5.7 Emergency Rescue ................................................................................................. 59 5.8 Summary ................................................................................................................ 59 6 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 61 References ................................................................................................................... 62 Author’s Resume ........................................................................................................ 68 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................. 69 Thesis Data Collection ............................................................................................... 70 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 技术路线图 9 Fig1-1 Technology roadmap 9 图 2-1 杭来湾井田的交通位置图 10 Fig2-1 Traffic location map of Hanglaiwan minefield 10 图 2-2 杭来湾井田在榆神矿区中的位置 10 Fig2-2 Locat