冯家塔煤矿综采面回撤技术研究与应用(1).pdf

工程硕士学位论文 冯家塔煤矿综采面回撤技术研究与应用 Research and Application of Extraction Technology in Fully Mechanized Face of Fengjiata Coal Mine 作 者梁 明 导 师袁 永 副教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九年五月 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC0604701）资助 江苏省自然科学基金（BK20181358）资助 国家自然科学基金面上项目（51874281）资助 煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室自主研究课题（SKLCRSM19X007） 江苏高校优势学科建设工程 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学 位论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版 和电子版， 可以使用影印、 缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文； ②为教 学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意 中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD323 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士学位论文 冯家塔煤矿综采面回撤技术研究与应用 Research and Application of Extraction Technology in Fully Mechanized Face of Fengjiata Coal Mine 作 者 梁 明 导 师 袁 永 申请学位工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 矿山压力与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 王旭锋 评 阅 人 盲审 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 致谢致谢 时光荏苒， 岁月如梭， 转眼间三年的研究生学习生活即将结束。 回想这几年 间的学习生活，有过快乐，有过遗憾，有过迷茫，也有过坚持。感谢这一路走来 陪伴在我身边的人，帮助过我的人，给我支持和鼓励的人。 首先， 特别感谢我的导师袁永副教授。 从课题的选择到论文的最终完成， 袁 老师全程给与指导和支持。 在此， 谨向袁老师致以深深的敬意和衷心的感谢， 谢 谢您在三年中对我培养与关怀。 感谢朱成、陈忠顺、刘志恒、魏宏民、袁超峰、孟朝贵、王圣志、钟慧伟等 同门在理论分析、试验、数值模拟、现场实测以及论文排版、打印、装订等方面 给予的帮助。 感谢神木汇森冯家塔矿业有限公司领导的不懈支持与基层工人在现场测试、 生产实践中给予的帮助。 感谢家人的支持， 有了他们在背后的默默坚持鼓励， 我才能顺利完成学业。 感谢所有帮助过我的老师、 同学和朋友， 感谢所有关心过和帮助过我的人。 感谢中国矿业大学，他给我的人生添上了浓烈的一笔，给我了一个更新更高的 起点，让我更加从容自信地面对未来的挑战 最后衷心感谢各位专家、教授在百忙之中评审本论文，从您们那里得到的 指导和帮助将会使我受益匪浅 梁明 2019 年 6 月 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 冯家塔煤矿主采煤层属浅埋煤层，煤层顶板内存在双关键层结构，工作面 大小周期来压现象明显，顶板台阶下沉严重。冯家塔煤矿现已完成 12 个综采工 作面的回撤任务，但在多个工作面的回撤过程中发生冒顶压架事故，顶板最大 下沉量可达 1m，部分支架被完全压死，给回撤工作带来巨大困难。为顺利完成 该矿综采工作面的顺利回撤，保证工作面快速接续，采用现场实测结合理论分 析、 数值模拟的研究方法， 剖析覆岩运动与矿压显现规律， 提出回撤通道支护方 案， 探究合理支护参数， 讨论回撤工艺选择方法， 对指导浅埋煤层末采工作面安 全回撤具有参考意义。 （1）末采矿压规律分析与让压技术的合理应用。通过现场实测的支架工作 阻力曲线，判别分析大小周期来压步距，研究工作面推进速度均对来压步距产 生影响；基于顶板周期来压规律，介绍停采让压技术的原理与应用条件，并对 1209 末采工作面是否应用停采让压技术进行合理判别。 （2）让压、回撤期间支架的工作阻力研究。末采期间采场上覆载荷由煤壁 支护结构支架采空区系统协同支撑，支架是实现安全回撤的重要保证。 分析了顶板内双关键层结构的运动破坏特征，建立停采让压、回撤期间顶板结 构的力学模型，确定了支架应当提供的合理工作阻力，提出了回撤期间加强临 时支护的方案。 （3）回撤通道支护设计与设备回撤方案优化。基于安全撤架要求，确定回 撤通道的合理尺寸。 基于裂隙发育的时效性， 优化工程类比法拟定的回撤方案， 理论分析确定合理支护参数， 并进行模拟验证。 提出三种设备回撤方案， 基于围 岩内塑性区分布及顶板下沉曲线，确定优化支护设计配合双向回撤的围岩控制 效果最好。 （4）支护设计与回撤方案的现场实践应用。现场应用效果表明优化支护 设计配合双向回撤方案围岩控制效果良好，可保证采面的正常接续，节约经济 成本 107 万元，安全、高效、经济、优质的完成了回撤工作，可为神府矿区的 其他矿井提供经验借鉴。 该论文有图 55 幅，表 8 个，参考文献 86 篇。 关键词关键词浅埋煤层；回撤通道；双关键层；快速支护；双向回撤 万方数据 II Abstract The coal seam mined in Fengjiata Coal Mine belongs to shallow seam. There are two key strata in the roof of coal seam, and the periodic weighting phenomenon of working face is obvious. The step subsidence in the working face is serious and the roof management is difficult. Fengjiata Coal Mine has completed the withdrawal task of 12 fully mechanized mining faces, but in the withdrawal process of many working faces, roof fall and pressure frame accident occurred. The maximum of roof subsidence is 1 m, which leads to the support crushing and brings great difficulties to equipment extraction. In order to ensure the quick continuity of the working face, the overburden movement and rock pressure show law are analyzed by field measurement combined with theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and the support scheme of withdrawal passage is put forward. The reasonable support parameters are explored and the selection of withdrawal technology is discussed. It has certain significance to guide the safe withdrawal of the shallow coal seam in the last mining face. 1 Analysis of rock pressure law and rational application of yielding technology during the last mining period. Discriminate and analyze the weighting step of large and small periods through the measured resistance curve of the bracket in situ. The influence of advancing speed of working face on weighting step is studied. Based on the law of periodic roof weighting, the principle and application conditions of stopping mining yielding technology are introduced, and whether stopping mining yielding technology is applied in the end of 1209 mining face is reasonably judged. 2 Study on working resistance of support during pressure relief and withdrawal. During the last mining period, the overlying load of the stope is supported by the coal wall-support structure-support-goaf system, and the support is an important guarantee for the safe withdrawal. The dynamic failure characteristics of double key storey structure in roof are analyzed. The mechanical model of roof structure during stopping and withdrawing is established, and the reasonable working resistance that support should provide is determined. The scheme of strengthening temporary support during withdrawal is put forward. 3 Support design of withdrawal passage and optimization of equipment withdrawal scheme. Based on the timeliness of fracture development, the withdrawal scheme ulated by engineering analogy is optimized, and the reasonable 万方数据 III support parameters are determined by theoretical analysis and verified by simulation. Three kinds of equipment withdrawal schemes are proposed. Based on the distribution of plastic zone in surrounding rock and the curve of roof subsidence, it is determined that the optimal support design with two-way withdrawal has the best control effect on surrounding rock. 4 Field application of support design and withdrawal scheme. Field application results show that the surrounding rock control effect of optimized support design combined with bidirectional withdrawal scheme is good, and the normal continuity of mining face can be guaranteed. In order to verify the rationality of the supporting scheme and parameters, the FLAC3D numerical simulation software is used to invert the roof movement rule and the supporting effect of the design scheme during the final mining period in the 2 seam fully mechanized mining face of Fengjiata Coal Mine. The withdrawal was completed safely, efficiently, economically and qualitatively with a cost saving of 1.07 million yuan. The research results can provide experience for other mines in Shenfu mining area. Keywords Shallow seams; Recovery roadway; Double key stratum; Rapid support; Bi-directional extract support 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 .......................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ....................................................................................................................... IV 图清单图清单 ....................................................................................................................... IX 表清单表清单 .................................................................................................................... XIII 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................ XIV 1 绪论绪论 .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 问题提出与研究意义 ........................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................... 2 1.3 工程地质概况 ....................................................................................................... 5 1.4 研究内容与方法 ................................................................................................... 9 2 综采面末采矿压显现规律与停采让压位置选择综采面末采矿压显现规律与停采让压位置选择 ................................................ 12 2.1 监测方案设计 ..................................................................................................... 12 2.2 末采矿压监测结果分析 ..................................................................................... 13 2.3 停采让压技术的合理应用 ................................................................................. 18 2.4 本章小节 ............................................................................................................. 21 3 综采面末采期间支架合理工作阻力研究综采面末采期间支架合理工作阻力研究 ............................................................ 23 3.1 停采让压期间支架合理工作阻力 ..................................................................... 23 3.2 回撤期间支架合理工作阻力 ............................................................................. 30 3.3 回撤通道围岩稳定性影响因素分析 ................................................................. 32 3.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................................. 33 4 综采面回撤通道支护设计与回撤方案优化综采面回撤通道支护设计与回撤方案优化 ........................................................ 34 4.1 合理支护参数的确定 ......................................................................................... 34 4.2 回撤通道支护参数优化 ..................................................................................... 36 4.3 回撤方案优化 ..................................................................................................... 44 4.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................................. 52 5 现场实践及应用效果现场实践及应用效果 ............................................................................................. 54 5.1 施工工艺 ............................................................................................................. 54 5.2 现场施工效果 ..................................................................................................... 56 万方数据 V 5.3 本章小结 ............................................................................................................. 58 6 结论结论 ........................................................................................................................ 59 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................................... 61 作者简历作者简历 .................................................................................................................... 66 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................ 67 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ........................................................................................................ 68 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................... I Contents .................................................................................................................... IV List of Figures ....................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ........................................................................................................... XII List of Variables .................................................................................................... XIII 1 Introduction.............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Subject Addressed and Its Research Meaning ........................................................ 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad .................................................................... 2 1.3 Engineering Geological Survey .............................................................................. 5 1.4 Research Content and s .............................................................................. 9 2 The Law of Rock pressure appearance and the Selection of Pressure Relief in Fully Mechanized Mining Face ............................................................................... 12 2.1 Monitoring Scheme Design .................................................................................. 12 2.2 Analysis of Monitoring Results ............................................................................ 13 2.3 Rational Application of Pressure Relief Technology ........................................... 18 2.4 Brief Summary ...................................................................................................... 21 3 Study on Reasonable Working Resistance of Support in Fully Mechanized Mining Face during Equipment Removal .............................................................. 23 3.1 Reasonable Working Resistance of Support During Pressure Relief ................... 23 3.2 Reasonable Working Resistance of Support During the Extraction of Equipment .................................................................................................................................... 30 3.3 Analysis of Factors Affecting Surrounding Rock Stability of the recovery roadway .................................................................................................................................... 32 3.4 Brief Summary ...................................................................................................... 33 4 Support Design of Recovery Roadway and Optimization of Extraction Scheme In fully mechanized mining face .............................................................................. 34 4.1 Determining Reasonable Support Parameters ...................................................... 34 4.2 Optimization of Support Design for Recovery Roadway ..................................... 36 万方数据 VII 4.3 Optimization of extraction scheme ....................................................................... 44 4.4 Brief Summary ...................................................................................................... 52 5 Construction Technology and Application Effect of Equipment Remove Gateway ..................................................................................................................... 54 5.1 Construction Technology ...................................................................................... 54 5.2 Field Application Result ....................................................................................... 56 5.3 Brief Summary ...................................................................................................... 58 6 Conclusions ............................................................................................................. 59 References .................................................................................................................. 61 Author’s Resume ...................................................................................................... 66 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................ 67 Thesis Data Collection .............................................................................................. 68 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 1-1 预掘单回撤通道技术 3 Figure 1-1 Technolog