城郊煤矿21106超采长综采安全高效开采技术及应用(1).pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 城郊煤矿 21106 超采长综采安全高效开采技术及 应用 Safe and Efficient Technology and Application of Fully Mechanized Mining with Overmining Length in Chengjiao Coal Mine 21106 作 者吕文浩 导 师姚强岭 中国矿业大学 二〇二〇年六月 万方数据 2 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、 使用学位论文的规定， 同意本人所撰写的学位 论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的部 分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使用影 印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图 书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅 读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD822 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士专业学位论文 城郊煤矿 21106 超采长综采安全高效开采 技术及应用 Safe and Efficient Technology and Application of Fully Mechanized Mining with Overmining Length in Chengjiao Coal Mine 21106 作 者 吕文浩 导 师 姚强岭 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 矿山压力与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 马立强 评 阅 人 盲评 二〇二〇年六月 万方数据 致谢致谢 在姚强岭教授的悉心指导我完成了本文，此论文从选题、开题到最后的定稿，都包含 着老师的良苦用心和淳淳教导。 在研究生学习期间，本人是在职研究生，由于煤矿生产任务繁重，因此到学校与导师 和同学的较量较少，但是姚强岭老师时刻关注我的学习状态，关注我的论文进展情况，多 次以电话交流的方式督促我认真学习，并予以指导。姚老师工作中认真负责，科研态度严 谨用心，对学生的教育指导认真负责，姚老师这些品质时刻影响着我，使我在学习中保持 这着认真严谨的学习态度。 在学校一级在老师身上学到的这些东西，这是我在工作单位很 难学到的，也是我的终生财富，在我今后的工作中可以不断地提醒我，督促我。学到的这 些东西作为我人生的一大财富， 我会时刻谨记姚老师对我的教导， 并用心去做好每一件事、 更认真的去学习。值此论文完成之际，在此谨向老师致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢。 另外， 还要感谢同门师兄弟以及同事在论文完成期间给予本人在学术上、 工作和生活 上的帮助和支持。 最后，感谢各位专家和教授在百忙之中评审本文，并期待得到更多的指导和启迪。 吕文浩 2020.06 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 随着煤矿开采机械化装备及生产技术进步， 回采工作面走向与倾向长度均呈现增大趋 势，这不仅提高了煤炭开采效率，亦提高了煤炭回采率。在充分考虑工程地质特征、设备 选型及其适用性、回采率等因素下，城郊煤矿创新性提出了超采长（超采长和大推进度） 安全高效开采的设计理念，并在 2116 综采面进行了工业性试验研究。该设计方法不仅可 以降低城郊煤矿深部开采复杂地质条件下巷道掘进率和工人劳动率， 亦减少了综采工作面 搬家倒面次数，并进一步提高了资源回收率，进而实现了矿井安全高效发展。论文主要工 作及研究成果如下 （1） 创新发展了城郊煤矿深部开采复杂地质、 高应力等条件下采煤工作面设计理念。 根据城郊矿煤层赋存工程地质特征， 先后实践了单工作面布置方式 （采长 180m， 第一代） 、 “背拉”工作面布置方式 （采长 240m， 第二代， 已淘汰） 、 大采长工作面布置 （采长 300m， 第三代）和超采长工作面布置方式（采长 360m，第四代） ；提出了“一面三巷”回采巷道 布置方式，显著提升了煤炭回采效率和工作面安全开采水平。 （2）形成了城郊煤矿深部开采超采长综采面开采关键技术体系。理论计算研究了超 采长工作面顶板来压步距、 超前支承压力等分布规律， 探讨了超采长工作面在城郊煤矿的 适用性及其存在的技术难点。 在此基础上， 提出了超采长工作面的方案设计与关键技术措 施，形成了城郊煤矿深部开采超采长开采的关键技术体系。 （3）建立了城郊煤矿深部开采超采长工作面回采巷道稳定性控制技术体系。结合城 郊煤矿深部开采强矿压显现特征，提出了预裂爆破切顶技术，并结合锚杆（索）群连锁锚 固技术等关键技术， 提高了巷道围岩锚固强度、 刚度、 承载能力和抗变形能力， 确保了 “一 面三巷”布置下巷道围岩稳定控制； （4）优化了工作面“三机”协调运行、智能化控制等关键技术之间的协调配合，实 现了城郊煤矿深部开采大采长综采面采煤、运输、通风等工序之间的协同高效运行。不仅 提高了煤炭回采效率，亦缩短了巷道掘进和瓦斯治理时间， 有效解决了采掘失调等技术难 题。 工业性试验表明通过布置超采长工作面，不仅可以提高煤炭回采效率及回收率，亦 达到了减员增效和减员增安的效果， 形成了城郊煤矿深部开采超采长综采高效开采关键技 术体系，取得了显著的技术经济效益。 本论文有图幅 32，表 12 个，参考文献 92 关键词关键词超采长工作面；城郊煤矿；切顶卸压 万方数据 II Abstract With the progress of mechanized equipment and production technology of coal mining, the trend and trend length of stoping face are increasing, which not only improves the efficiency of coal mining, but also improves the extraction rate of coal.Under the consideration of engineering geological characteristics, equipment selection and applicability, recovery rate and other factors, the design concept of safe and efficient mining with over-mining length over-mining length and large advancing degree was innovatively put forward in suburban coal mines, and the industrial test research was carried out in 2116 fully mechanized mining face.This design can not only reduce the tunneling rate and labor rate of workers in the deep mining of suburban coal mines under complex geological conditions, but also reduce the number of moving face and falling face of fully mechanized mining face, further improve the recovery rate of resources, and thus realize the safe and efficient development of the mine.The main work and research results of this paper are as follows 1 Innovated and developed the mining face design concept under complicated geology and high stress conditions in the deep mining of suburban coal mines.According to suburban mine engineering geological characteristics of coal seam occurrence, has to practice the single face arrangement 180 m long, the first generation, and “pull“ back face arrangement 240 m long, the second generation, obsolete, long big mining working face layout 300 m long, the third generation and over-exploited long face arrangement 360 m long, the fourth generation;The layout of one side roadway and three lanes was put forward, which significantly improved the coal mining efficiency and safety mining level of working face. 2 It has ed the key technology system of over-mining long full-mechanized mining face in the deep mining of suburban coal mines.The distribution rules of roof pressure step and advance abutment pressure of overmining long working face are studied theoretically, and the applicability and technical difficulties of overmining long working face in suburban coal mines are discussed.On this basis, the scheme design and key technical measures of overmining long face are put forward, ing the key technical system of overmining long face in deep mining of suburban coal mines. 3 The stability control technology system of stoping roadway on overmining long working face in deep mining of suburban coal mines was established.Combining with the characteristics of strong ore pressure in deep mining of suburban coal mines, 万方数据 III the cutting roof technology of pre-splitting blasting is put forward, and the key technologies such as interlocking anchoring technology of bolt cable group are combined to improve the anchorage strength, stiffness, bearing capacity and deation resistance of roadway surrounding rock, thus ensuring the stability control of roadway surrounding rock under the arrangement of “one side and three lanes“. 4 The coordination and cooperation among key technologies such as the coordinated operation of “three machines“ and intelligent control in the working face are optimized to realize the coordinated and efficient operation of coal mining, transportation and ventilation in the large-length and full-mechanized mining face in the deep mining of suburban coal mines.It not only improves the efficiency of coal mining, but also reduces the time of roadway tunneling and gas control, effectively solving technical problems such as mining imbalance. The industrial test shows that the arrangement of overmining long working face can not only improve the efficiency and recovery rate of coal mining, but also achieve the effect of increasing efficiency and safety by reducing the number of workers, and the key technology system of efficient mining in the deep mining of suburban coal mines, and obtain remarkable technical and economic benefits. This paper has 32 charts, 12 tables and 92ferences. Keywords overlong working face; suburban coal mines; cut the top pressure relief 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ........................................................................................................................ IV 图清单图清单 ..................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单 .......................................................................................................................... X 变量注释变量注释表表 ................................................................................................. XI 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究目的与意义..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究进展..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究内容与方法..................................................................................................... 7 2 工程地质概况工程地质概况 ........................................................................................................... 9 2.1 矿井概述................................................................................................................. 9 2.2 地质开采概况....................................................................................................... 10 2.3 巷道布置方式（Roadway arrangement） .......................................................... 12 2.4 深部开采围岩稳定性控制技术........................................................................... 13 2.5 本章小结............................................................................................................... 17 3 城郊城郊煤煤矿深部开采大采长综采面关键技术矿深部开采大采长综采面关键技术 ......................................................... 18 3.1 城郊煤矿工作面布置方式................................................................................... 18 3.2 超采长工作面开采方案设计............................................................................... 22 3.3 超采长工作面回采巷道稳定性控制技术........................................................... 36 3.4 小结....................................................................................................................... 45 4 工程应用效果工程应用效果 ......................................................................................................... 47 4.1 矿压显现特征....................................................................................................... 47 4.2 技术经济效益分析............................................................................................... 53 4.3 小结....................................................................................................................... 56 5 结论及展望结论及展望 ............................................................................................................. 58 5.1 结论....................................................................................................................... 58 5.2 展望....................................................................................................................... 58 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 60 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 65 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 66 万方数据 V 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 67 万方数据 VI content Abstract ......................................................................................................................... I content ........................................................................................................................ VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ................................................................................................................ X List of Variables......................................................................................................... XI 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research purpose and significance .......................................................................... 1 1.2 Present Research ...................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Main Research Objectives and Approaches ............................................................. 7 2 Engineering geological feature ................................................................................. 9 2.1 Mine position and summary..................................................................................... 9 2.2 Geological conditions ............................................................................................ 10 2.3 Roadway arrangement ........................................................................................... 12 2.4 Stability control technology of surrounding rock in deep mining ......................... 13 2.5 chapter summary .................................................................................................... 17 3 Key technology for deep mining of suburban mine with large length fully mechanized mining face ............................................................................................ 18 3.1 Suburban coal mine face layout ............................................................................. 18 3.2 Design of mining scheme for long working face of overmining ........................... 22 3.3 Stability control technique for stoping roadway of long overmining face ............ 36 3.4 Summary ................................................................................................................ 45 4 Engineering application effect ............................................................................... 47 4.1 Characteristics of ore pressur ................................................................................. 47 4.2 Technical and economic benefit analysis ............................................................... 53 4.3 Summary ................................................................................................................ 56 5 Conclusion and Prospect ........................................................................................ 58 5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................................. 58 5.2 Prospect .................................................................................................................. 58 References ................................................................................................................... 60 Author’s Resume ........................................................................................................ 65 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................. 66 万方数据 VII Thesis Data Collection ................................................................................................. 67 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名 页码 图 1-1 21106 技术路线图 8 Fig 1-1 21106 technical roadmap 8 图 2-1 21106 工作面综合柱状图 10 Fig 2-1 Comprehensive histogram of 21106 working face 10 图 2-2 21106 工作面巷道布置示意图 13 Fig 2-2 Schematic diagram of roadway layout of 21106 working face 13 图 2-3 21106 下巷巷道锚固断面图 16 Fig 2-3 Anchorage sectional drawing of lower roadway 21106 16 图 2-4 21106 下巷顶板锚固俯视图 16 Fig 2-4 Top view of roof anchoring of lower lane 21106 16 图 3-1 单工作面平面布置示意图 18 Fig 3-1 Plane layout of single working face 18 图 3-2 双工作面平面布置示意图 20 Fig. 3-2 Plan layout of double wo