阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究.pdf

分类号分类号TD823.25TD823.25密密级级公公开开 U D CU D C 单位代码单位代码 1042410424 工工 程程 硕硕 士士 学学 位位 论论 文文 阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究 高高超超 申请学位级别申请学位级别工程硕士工程硕士领域领域名名称称工 业 工 程工 业 工 程 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名张张 兴兴 民民职职称称教教授授 校外校外导师姓名导师姓名郎郎 加加 平平职职称称高级工程师高级工程师 山山 东东 科科 技技 大大 学学 二〇〇六年十二月 论文题目论文题目论文题目论文题目 阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究阳城煤矿顶煤压裂规律及开采工艺研究 作者姓名作者姓名作者姓名作者姓名 高高超超入学时间入学时间入学时间入学时间2005050505 年年 4 4 4 4 月月 领域名称领域名称领域名称领域名称 工业工程工业工程研究方向研究方向研究方向研究方向系统工程理论与应用系统工程理论与应用 校内导师校内导师校内导师校内导师 张张 兴兴 民民职职职职称称称称教教授授 校外导师校外导师校外导师校外导师郎郎 加加 平平职职职职称称称称 高级工程师高级工程师 论文提交日期论文提交日期论文提交日期论文提交日期2006200620062006 年年 11111111 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期论文答辩日期论文答辩日期2006200620062006 年年 12121212 月月 3 3 3 3 日日 授予学位日期授予学位日期授予学位日期授予学位日期 T T T THEHEHEHE RESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCHTOPTOPTOPTOPCOALCOALCOALCOALCRACKINGCRACKINGCRACKINGCRACKINGANDANDANDANDCAVINGCAVINGCAVINGCAVING TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGYININININYANGCHENGYANGCHENGYANGCHENGYANGCHENGCOALCOALCOALCOALMINEMINEMINEMINE A A A ADissertationDissertationDissertationDissertationtedtedtedtedininininfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentofofofof thethethetherequirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirements ofofofof thethethethedegreedegreedegreedegreeofofofof MASTERMASTERMASTERMASTER OFOFOFOFENGINEERINGENGINEERINGENGINEERINGENGINEERING fromfromfromfrom ShandongShandongShandongShandong UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity ofofofof ScienceScienceScienceScience andandandand TechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnology b b b by y y y GaoGaoGaoGao ChaoChaoChaoChao SupervisorSupervisorSupervisorSupervisor ProfessorProfessorProfessorProfessor ZhangZhangZhangZhang XingminXingminXingminXingmin SeniorSeniorSeniorSenior engineerengineerengineerengineerLangLangLangLang JiapingJiapingJiapingJiaping ShandongShandongShandongShandong UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity ofofofof ScienceScienceScienceScience andandandand TechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnology OctoberOctoberOctoberOctober2006200620062006 声声明明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文，，除了所列参考文献和世所公除了所列参考文献和世所公 认的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于认的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于 其它任何学术机关作鉴定。其它任何学术机关作鉴定。 硕士生签名硕士生签名 日日期期 AFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATION I I I I declaredeclaredeclaredeclare thatthatthatthat thisthisthisthis dissertation,dissertation,dissertation,dissertation, tedtedtedted inin in in fulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillment ofofofof thethethethe requirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirements forforforfor thethethethe awardawardawardaward ofofofof MasterMasterMasterMaster ofofofof PhilosophyPhilosophyPhilosophyPhilosophy inin in in ShandongShandongShandongShandong UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity ofofofof ScienceScienceScienceScience andandandand Technology,Technology,Technology,Technology, is is is is whollywhollywhollywhollymymymymyownownownown workworkworkwork unlessunlessunlessunless referencedreferencedreferencedreferenced ofofofof acknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge. 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SignatureSignatureSignatureSignature DateDateDateDate 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文摘要 摘摘要要 本论文从优化阳城煤矿综放开采工艺，提高综放面的顶煤回收率出发，通过现场观 测和理论分析，研究了阳城煤矿综放开采时顶煤压裂规律，并对综放开采对阳城煤矿的 地质条件的开采工艺适应性进行评价，从而确定阳城煤矿采区和工作面布置的方案。通 过观测支承压力对阳城煤矿综放工作面的动态连续压裂过程，并运用分形几何理论进行 了分析， 得出了阳城煤矿综放开采时顶煤在支承压力峰值前后作用下裂隙的演化规律为 顶煤的裂隙演化一般经历两次加密、一次扩展，是以加密为主的演化规律。通过观测放 煤过程中顶煤冒落的块度及放煤过程中顶煤冒落时的成拱尺寸，得出阳城煤矿综放开采 时顶煤块度的分布特征为冒块分维平均值是 1.2526。研究得出阳城煤矿顶煤放出过程中 块径从下向上增大时的拱跨度平均值为 1.90m，拱高平均值为 2.12m；各块体混合时拱 跨度平均值为 1.65m，拱高平均值为 1.73；拱基高度平均为 0.65m；架后岩堆的临界堆积 角为 45～50。根据以上研究，对顶煤放出过程中的工艺参数进行了调整，现场通过 放煤由原来的从两端跟机隔架顺序放煤改为有上端往下顺序放煤，每次放煤时间控制在 3min。一个月的观测结果表明，与原来的放煤工艺相比较，工作面煤炭回收率有原来的 不到 80％提高到了 89％，取得了明显的经济效益。根据顶煤放出过程中的成拱参数， 对 下一个工作面的煤机、支架选型进行了调整，煤机的进刀尺寸有 0.6m 提高到了 0.8m。 通过对工作面煤层地质条件与综放开采技术的关系分析，并对工作面煤层地质条件评价 因素结构的指标进行了量化，综合应用模糊多元分析、综合评价技术、评价可靠性等理 论与方法，运用工作面煤层地质条件的开采工艺性模糊综合评价模型，对综放工艺在阳 城煤矿的适应性进行了综合评价，得出了阳城煤矿综放面的综合评价等级分别属于较好 和一般两个等级，对阳城煤矿的开拓方式和工作面布置进行了优化，并对各工作面的产 量做了预测。本论文的研究成果，为阳城煤矿的开发规划、技术决策、设备选型以及开 采工艺优化具有重要的指导意义， 并取得了良好的经济效益，具有较大的应用推广价值。 关键词关键词综放开采，压裂规律，分形维数，成拱参数，开采工艺，产量预测 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文摘要 ABSTRACT The aim of this thesisisto optimize technics of the top-coal caving and improve the reclaim ratio of top coal in Yangcheng coal minebylfield observation and theory analysis the top coal cracking rule and uate the adaptability of arching mechanism to the mining geological technology in Yangcheng coal mine, which benefit to the schemeofmine section and working face collocation. First Based on the field observationofthe abutment pressure, the cracking process of top coalisdynamically simulated. By measured the cracks continuously and analyzed using theory of fractal geometry， we gained that the rule of top coal cracking evolvementiscommonly experience twice encrypt and once expand., and give priority to encrypt. Secondly , the value of average dimensionofemit blockis1.2526. Thirdly, ifthe block accretionfrom below to top , the average value of arch spanis1.90m，the arch heightis2.12m；ifthe blockismixed , the average valueofarch spanis1.65m， the arch height is1.73m；and the average valueofthe arch baseis0.65m. Finally, the angle of block heap in the back of working faceis45～50。Based the conclusion of our research, we adjusted the parameter of top-coal caving technics,bythis , the reclaim ratio of top-coal caving improved from 80 to 89. Based the parameter of top-coal arching , we adjust the mode of machine and bracketofnest working face, and the depth of shearincreased from 0.6m to 0.8m。With help of adaptability of the uation, theories and s such as fuzzy multivariate analysis, comprehensive uation technique and uation reliability are applied to establish the comprehensive uation model of mining technology of geological conditionsofYangcheng coal mine. This uation modelisuated by the coal face and applied emphatic in the fully mechanized caving coal face and general mechanized caving coal face. First predict the output with applying the uation model of coal seam geological conditionsofcoalface. On basis of technical routine of uation, a related uation softwareisdeveloped .The production of this paper has important guidance to the exploitation and programming of Yangcheng coal mine and technical decision and economic benefit, which has more uation of application and popularize KeyKeyKeyKey WordsWordsWordsWords top coal caving, cracking rule, fractal dimension, arching mechanism, mining geological technology, output prediction 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文目录 目目录录 1 1 1 1 绪绪绪绪论论论论................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 1 1 1 1.1 综放开采技术的发展与现状...........................................................................1 1.2 放顶煤开采的理论现状..................................................................................3 1.3 煤层地质条件综合分类评价研究现状...........................................................9 1.4 研究的目的和意义........................................................................................10 1.5 本文研究的内容、方法.................................................................................11 2 2 2 2 阳城煤矿煤层赋存与工作面情况概述阳城煤矿煤层赋存与工作面情况概述阳城煤矿煤层赋存与工作面情况概述阳城煤矿煤层赋存与工作面情况概述............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................13131313 2.1 水文地质条件................................................................................................13 2.2 原设计采煤方法.............................................................................................13 2.3 工作面参数.....................................................................................................14 2.4 优化前的采煤工艺.........................................................................................15 3 3 3 3 综放面煤体采动顶煤压裂与块度分布规律综放面煤体采动顶煤压裂与块度分布规律综放面煤体采动顶煤压裂与块度分布规律综放面煤体采动顶煤压裂与块度分布规律............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................16161616 3.1 综放采场煤体采动裂隙演化规律.................................................................16 3.2 采动作用下顶煤块度分布规律.....................................................................20 3.3 本章小结.........................................................................................................25 4 4 4 4 顶煤放出过程中的成拱参数确定顶煤放出过程中的成拱参数确定顶煤放出过程中的成拱参数确定顶煤放出过程中的成拱参数确定............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................26262626 4.1 顶煤放出过程中的成拱机理概述.................................................................26 4.2 顶煤自架后放出的力学分析及其对放煤效果的影响................................28 4.3 放煤过程中的成拱参数确定.........................................................................31 4.4 采煤工艺和设备选型调整.............................................................................34 4.5 本章小结.........................................................................................................35 5 5 5 5 阳城煤矿煤层地质条件的综放开采工艺性评价阳城煤矿煤层地质条件的综放开采工艺性评价阳城煤矿煤层地质条件的综放开采工艺性评价阳城煤矿煤层地质条件的综放开采工艺性评价............................................................................................................................................................................................................36363636 5.1 综放评价因素结构........................................................................................36 5.2 综放基本因素指标量化................................................................................37 5.3 综放评价因素隶属函数的构造....................................................................41 5.4 综放评价因素权重........................................................................................50 5.5 阳城煤矿综放工作面综合评价结果.............................................................55 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文目录 5.6 工作面等级分类.............................................................................................56 5.7 工作面产量预测.............................................................................................56 5.8 本章小结.........................................................................................................58 6 6 6 6 主要结论和存在的问题主要结论和存在的问题主要结论和存在的问题主要结论和存在的问题............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................59595959 6.1 主要结论.........................................................................................................59 6.2 存在的问题.....................................................................................................59 参考文献参考文献参考文献参考文献........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................61616161 致致致致谢谢谢谢........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................65656565 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文目录 CONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTS 1 1 1 1 IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 1 1 1 1.1The development and actuality of topcaving technology...................................1 1.2 The actuality of top caving theory.....................................................................3 1.3The actuality of coal seam conditionuation.................................................9 1.4 The intention and significance........................................................................ 10 1.5 The contents and used in this paper...................................................11 2The2The2The2The summarizesummarizesummarizesummarize ofofofof coalcoalcoalcoalseamseamseamseamandandandand workingworkingworkingworking facefacefaceface inin in in YangchengYangchengYangchengYangcheng coalcoalcoalcoal minemineminemine................................................13131313 2.1 The condition of water and geological............................................................13 2.2 The ofcaving......................................................................................13 2.3 The parameterofworking face....................................................................... 14 2.4 The technology of caving................................................................................15 3 3 3 3 TheTheTheThe rulerulerulerule ofofofofTopTopTopTopcoalcoalcoalcoal crackingcrackingcrackingcracking andandandand thethethethe blockblockblockblock distributingdistributingdistributingdistributing duringduringduringduring cavingcavingcavingcavingin in in inYangchengYangchengYangchengYangcheng coalcoalcoalcoal