肖家洼煤矿厚煤层顺序开采临空巷道稳定性控制研究.pdf

工程硕士学位论文 肖家洼煤矿厚煤层顺序开采临空巷道 稳定性控制研究 Stability Control of Roadway along Gob with Thick Coal Seam Sequential Mining in Xiaojiawa Mine 作 者万正海 导 师柏建彪 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一九年十二月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士学位论文 肖家洼煤矿厚煤层顺序开采临空巷道 稳定性控制研究 Stability Control of Roadway along Gob with Thick Coal Seam Sequential Mining in Xiaojiawa Mine 作 者 万正海 导 师 柏建彪 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 深地开采 答辩委员会主席 曹胜根 评 阅 人 盲审 二○一九年十二月 万方数据 致谢致谢 一转眼三年的硕士研究生的生活即将结束， 回顾这三年的学习、 工作与生活， 感受颇多。 首先，感谢我的导师柏建彪教授对我在学业、生活和工作中的指导。柏老师 以其渊博的学术知识、严谨的学术态度和丰富的实践经验让我深深折服。在柏老 师耐心的教育和循循的启发下，我对科研与实践有了更深的了解，也对我的学业 和工作产生了巨大的裨益。本次论文从选题到研究、实践，以及最后的论文撰写 均是在柏老师的指导下完成的， 柏老师在提出问题和解决问题方面给了我很大的 帮助，在此表达我对柏老师深深的敬意和诚挚的感谢柏老师，谢谢您。 其次，感谢王襄禹老师在本次研究和论文撰写过程中的指导和帮助，王老师 在指导我的过程中教授了很多的知识，并且想我提出了很多好的建议，帮助我更 快了解问题的所在及解决办法。 感谢硕士研究生期间课题组成员对我的帮助， 让我逐渐熟悉科研道路相关的 知识和技能，同时也感谢你们在本次论文撰写过程中提供的帮助和建议。 感谢我的家人对我学业和研究的支持和鼓励，谢谢你们一直以来的关心。 感谢论文所引用的文献的诸位学者，你们的著作让我受益颇丰。 感谢评审本论文的所有专家们，谢谢你们百忙之中抽出时间，也衷心期待你 们的指导和建议。 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 为了解决厚煤层顺序开采条件下引起的临空巷道（双巷布置）围岩大变形问 题，采用岩石力学实验、数值模拟、理论分析和现场工业性试验的方法，对肖家 洼煤矿 211301 辅助运输巷道在二次采动影响下的变形特征和加固技术开展研究。 研究表明 （1）211301 辅助运输巷的围岩变形分为三个阶段巷道掘进阶段、211301 工作面回采影响阶段和 211302 工作面回采影响阶段。巷道掘进时，塑性区范围 是 4m，20m 宽煤柱内垂直应力为双峰曲线，煤柱内存在弹性核，宽度约 12m； 211301 工作面回采期间，从超前工作面 5m 到滞后 5m 范围内应力从双峰向单峰 过度， 211301 工作面回采后煤柱成为塑性煤柱， 煤柱内垂直应力为单峰值曲线， 最大应力为 19.12 MPa，煤柱仍然有承载能力。 （2）211301 工作面回采产生的采动应力对 211301 辅助运输巷有明显的影 响，剧烈影响范围是工作面前方 10m 到工作面后方 60m，顶板、底板、煤柱帮 和实煤体帮的变形量分别增至 637.25mm、487.58mm、695.49mm 和 520.55mm， 侧向支承应力大是造成 211301 辅助运输巷大变形的主要原因。 （3） 211302 工作面回采时， 超前影响范围为 30m， 二次采动影响期间顶板、 底板、 煤柱帮和实煤体帮的最大变形量分别为 1171.33mm、 773.46mm、 987.51mm 和 832.72mm（原支护条件下） 。高应力向实煤体帮转移，实煤体内的应力最高达 到 18.5MPa。 （4）在原有支护方案的基础上，提出补强加固技术实煤体帮采用 Φ202200mm 螺纹钢锚杆加强支护，间排距 800 800mm，并采用钢筋梯子梁提 高锚杆支护的整体性。顶板采用 Φ21.612000mm 锚索和钢筋梯子梁进行加固， 其中 AB 段锚索间排距 1600 2400mm（该段原锚索间排距 12002400mm） ，BC 段锚索间排距 1200 1600mm（该段原锚索间排距 16001600mm） 。锚杆扭矩不 低于 300N m，锚索预紧力不小于 250kN。 （5） 补强加固技术进一步应用于 211302 辅助运输巷、 211303 辅助运输巷， 得到补强加固的时机，在第一个工作面对辅助运输巷来压之前（在临近工作面前 方 100～200m 范围外）进行加固的效果要优于来压之后加固。在 211304 辅助运 输巷掘进初期就考虑加固方案确定巷道的初始支护方案，经历 211304 工作面回 采影响后，巷道变形较小，满足生产的要求。 该论文有图 62 幅，表 6 个，参考文献 71 篇。 关键词关键词厚煤层；采动影响；巷道稳定性；加强支护；采动支承压力 万方数据 II Abstract In order to solve the problem of large deation of roadway along gob double tunneling under the circumstances of thick coal seam sequential mining, the deation characteristics and reinforcing techniques of 211301 assistant carrying roadway under the influence of secondary mining in Xiaojiawa coal mine were studied, through the s of mechanical experiments, field investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field industrial test. Research shows that （1）The surrounding rock deation of 211301 assistant carrying roadway was divided into three stages roadway excavation, mining of 211301 working face and mining of 211302 working face. When excavating the roadway, the range of plastic zone was 4m, and the vertical stress distribution chart in the 20m-wide coal pillar was a bimodal curve with a 12m-wide elastic core. During the mining of 211301 working face, the stress distribution chart from the lead working face 5m to the lag 5m was excessive from the double peak to the single peak. After the mining of 211301 working face, the coal pillar became a plastic coal pillar, and the vertical stress distribution chart in the coal pillar was a single peak curve. The maximum stress was 19.12 MPa, and the coal pillar still had carrying capacity. （2）The mining stress produced by the mining of 211301 working face had a significant impact on 211301 assistant carrying roadway. The severe impact range was from 10m of the advanced working face to 60m of the delayed working face. The deation of the roof, floor, coal pillar and solid coal body were increased to 637.25 mm, 487.58 mm, 695.49 mm and 520.55 mm, respectively. The lateral supporting stress was the main cause of the large deation of 211301 assistant carrying roadway. （3） When 211302 working face was mining, the leading impact range was 30m. The maximum deation of the roof, floor, coal pillar and solid coal body were 1171.33 mm, 483.46 mm, 623.53 mm and 424.62 mm, respectively under the circumstances of original support. The high stress was transferred to the solid coal body, where the stress could reach 18.5 MPa. （4）On the basis of the original support, the reinforcing technology was proposed the solid coal body was strengthened with steel bolts, which its size was Φ202200mm and the array spacing was 800 800mm, and a reinforced ladder beam 万方数据 III was used to improve the integrity. The roof was reinforced with Φ21.612000mm anchor cables and reinforced ladder beams. The array spacing of cables in AB segment was 1600 2400mm the original array spacing was 1200 2400mm and the array spacing in BC segment was 1200 1600mmthe original array spacing was 1600 1600mm. The bolt torque shall not be less than 300N m, and the anchor cable pretension shall not be less than 250kN. （5）The reinforcing measures were further tested in 211302 and 211303 assistant carrying roadways, and the timing of reinforcement was obtained. The effect of reinforcement before the pressure caused by the previous working face came beyond 100m to 200m of the advanced working face was better than that after the pressure. In 211304 assistant carrying roadway, the reinforcement support was adopted as initial support. After the influence of 211304 working face mining, the deation of the roadway was small and met the requirements of production. The paper has 62 figures, 6 tables, and 71 references. Keywords thick coal seam; mining influence; roadway stability; reinforcing support; supporting stress 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要............................................................................................................................ I 目目 录录......................................................................................................................... IV 图清单图清单...................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单........................................................................................................................ XII 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................. XIII 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景 ................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究内容及技术路线 ............................................................................................. 4 2 地质条件及力学参数测试地质条件及力学参数测试 ....................................................................................... 6 2.1 211301 工作面生产地质条件 ................................................................................. 6 2.2 211301 工作面煤岩层物理力学参数测试 ............................................................. 7 2.3 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 14 3 采动影响下采动影响下 211301 辅助运输巷辅助运输巷的围岩稳定性的围岩稳定性.................................................... 15 3.1 数值模型建立 ....................................................................................................... 15 3.2 211301 辅助运输巷掘进期间围岩稳定性分析 ................................................... 16 3.3 211301 工作面回采期间 211301 辅助运输巷稳定性分析 ................................. 19 3.4 211302 工作面回采期间 211301 辅助运输巷稳定性分析 ................................. 27 3.5 煤柱稳定性分析 ................................................................................................... 30 3.6 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 31 4 采动影响下巷道加固技术研究采动影响下巷道加固技术研究 ............................................................................. 33 4.1 巷道补强加固技术原理 ....................................................................................... 33 4.2 原有巷道支护方案 ............................................................................................... 34 4.3 加固方案的提出 ................................................................................................... 36 4.4 AB 段巷道支护效果数值模拟 ............................................................................. 37 4.5 BC 段巷道支护效果数值模拟 ............................................................................. 39 4.6 加固支护参数及支护材料要求 ........................................................................... 41 4.7 211301 工作面回采时辅助运输巷加强支护方案 ............................................... 43 4.8 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 44 万方数据 V 5 工业性试验工业性试验 ............................................................................................................. 45 5.1 矿压观测方案 ....................................................................................................... 45 5.2 211301 辅助运输巷矿压观测结果 ....................................................................... 47 5.3 211302 和 211303 辅助运输巷现场应用 ............................................................. 50 5.4 211304 辅助运输巷现场应用 ............................................................................... 53 5.5 本章小结 ............................................................................................................... 56 6 结论结论.......................................................................................................................... 57 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 59 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 63 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 65 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 67 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ............................................................................................................. XII List of Variables ...................................................................................................... XIII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad ...................................................................... 2 1.3 Research Contents and Technical Route .................................................................. 4 2 Geological Conditions and Mechanical Parameters Testing ................................. 6 2.1 Productive Geological Condition in 211301 Working Face .................................... 6 2.2 Physical Mechanical Parameters Testing of Coal and Rock in 211301 Working Face ................................................................................................................................ 7 2.3 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 14 3 Stability of Surrounding Rock in 211301 Assistant Carrying Roadway with the Mining Influence ........................................................................................................ 15 3.1 Numerical Model ................................................................................................... 15 3.2 Stability Analysis of Surrounding Rock in the Driving Period of 211301 Assistant Carrying Roadway ....................................................................................................... 16 3.3 Stability Analysis of 211301 Assistant Carrying Roadway during the Mining of 211301 Working Face .................................................................................................. 19 3.4 Stability Analysis of 211301 Assistant Carrying Roadway during the Mining of 211302 Working Face .................................................................................................. 27 3.5 Stability Analysis of Coal Pillar ............................................................................. 30 3.6 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 31 4 Roadway-reinforcing Technology under the Mining Influence .......................... 33 4.1 Principle of Roadway-reinforcing Technology ...................................................... 33 4.2 Original Scheme of Roadway Suppor .................................................................... 34 4.3 Presenting of Reinforcing Scheme ......................................................................... 36 万方数据 VII 4.4 Numerical Simulation of Support Effect in AB Segment of Roadway.................. 37 4.5 Numerical Simulation of Support Effect in BC Segment of Roadway.................. 39 4.6 Reinforcing Supporting Parameters and Supporting Materials Requirements ...... 41 4.7 Reinforcing Support Scheme of Assistant Carrying Roadway during 211301 working face Mining .................................................................................................... 43 4.8 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 44 5 Industrial Test .......................................................................................................... 45 5.1 Scheme of Mineral Pressure Observation ...................