田陈煤矿3下7123工作面覆岩结构运动规律及灾害控制研究.pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 田陈煤矿 3下7123 工作面覆岩结构运动 规律及灾害控制研究 Research on Disaster Causing Mechanism and Control of Overlying Stratum Structure of 7132 panel of the lower 3 coal seam in Tianchen coal mine 作 者魏忠奎 导 师姚强岭 教授 中国矿业大学 2020 年 6 月 学位论文使用授权声学位论文使用授权声明明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 中图分类号 TD263 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士专业学位论文 田陈煤矿 3下7123 工作面覆岩结构运动规律 灾害控制研究 Research on Disaster Causing Mechanism and Control of Overlying Stratum Structure of 7132 panel of the lower 3 coal seam Tianchen coal mine 作 者 魏忠奎 导 师 姚强岭 教授 申请学位工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 矿山压力与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席马立强教授 评 阅 人 盲 审 二○二〇年六月 致致 谢谢 光阴茬再，三年的研究生学习即将画上句号，回想起在中国矿业大学逸夫楼 上课的情形，还历历在目，好像发生在昨天一样。 首先感谢我的恩师姚强岭教授，从选题指导、写作到修稿，姚老师都给予了 细致的指导，提出了很多宝贵的意见，姚老师以其严谨求实的治学态度、高度的 敬业精神、兢兢业业、孜孜以求的工作作风，给我留下了终身难忘的印象，将使 我受益终身。在此，特向恩师致以深深的谢意和崇高的敬意 其次，在三年的学习中，感谢矿业工程学院的李学华院长、梁顺副教授、种 照辉等各位老师对我的关心和在平时的学习中给与的指导和帮助。 再次，感谢我的好友枣矿集团田陈煤矿总工程师陈亚东、防冲办主任姜鹏， 是你们的大力支持才使我的现场调研得以顺利完成。 谨以此致谢最后， 我要向百忙之中抽时间对本文进行审阅的各位老师表示衷 心的感谢。 魏忠奎 2020 年 5 月 I 摘摘 要要 近年来，我国浅部煤炭资源的日益枯竭，东部矿区逐步进入深部开采。随着 我国煤矿开采技术水平和煤机机械装备制造水平的明显提升， 我国煤矿井工开采 长壁工作面的宽度亦呈增大趋势。超长工作面开采过程中来压剧烈，主要表现为 超长工作面更容易出现煤壁片帮、支架阻力过大，甚至会发生煤与瓦斯突出和冲 击地压等煤岩动力学灾害。本文以田陈煤矿 3下7123 工作面为研究对象，研究了 3下7123 超长工作面覆岩结构运动规律及灾害控制措施。 通过数值计算、物理相似模拟实验、现场监测和工业性试验等研究手段和技 术方法， 研究了 3 下 7123 超长工作面覆岩运移规律和工作面支承压力分布规律， 探索了超长工作面开采过程中的冲击地压防治措施， 根据工作面的实际工程条件 实施了工作面冲击地压防控措施，保证了工作面安全开采，取得了良好的应用效 果。论文主要取得了以下研究成果 （1）通过采用数值模拟的方法研究了工作面斜长 200 m、360 m 时，得到了 工作面超前支承压力演化的特征。 工作面斜长由 200 m 增大到 360 m 时， 工作面 “见方” 时的超前支承压力由 42.24 MPa 增大到 58.17 MPa， 应力集中系数由 2.82 增大到 3.88，工作面的最大超前支承压力位置由 4.5 m 增大到了 5.5 m，增大了 影响范围。 （2）现场实测了工作面超前支承压力影响范围为距离 70.3-85.1 m，支承压 力急剧增加位置距煤壁 30 m；通过理论计算和数值模拟得到，当工作面斜长 360 m 时得到工作面推进 50 m、100 m、150 m、200 m、300 m、360 m 时，应力集 中系数分别为 2.24、2.74、2.91、2.96、2.99、3.88。 （3） 相似材料模拟试验揭示了 3 下 7123 超长工作面开采顶板离层发育特征 和覆岩结构运动特征。随着关键层的周期性破断，周期性产生震动，发生周期性 冲击。 （4）工作面越短，周期来压步距受工作面推采进度影响越大，并且周期来 压步距不均衡性更加突出，工作面越长，周期来压步距受工作面推采进度影响越 小，来压步距更加稳定，同时随着工作面长度的增加，周期来压顶板破断线与工 作面平行度越高。超长工作面采场覆岩关键层破碎块度比普通工作面的要小。因 此，超长综放面来压强度小，且压力分布均匀，而且会出现覆岩主关键层来压现 象，必须加强预测预报和有效控制。 论文包含图 38 幅，表格 9 个，参考文献 122 篇。 关键词关键词田陈煤矿；超长工作面；覆岩运移规律；灾害防控 III Abstract In recent years, Chinas shallow coal resources have been increasingly depleted, and most of the main coal production mining areas have gradually entered the state of deep mining. With the obvious improvement of Chinas coal mining technology level and coal machinery equipment manufacturing level, Chinas well engineering coal mine longwall work The width of the face is getting larger and larger, and more and more long working faces have appeared. Super-long working face has intense pressure during the mining process, which is mainly manifested in that the ultra-long working face is more prone to coal wall flank, excessive support resistance, and even coal and gas dynamic disasters such as coal and gas outburst and rock burst. In this paper, the 7123 panel of the lower 3 coal seam of Tianchen Coal Mine was selected as the research object, and the movement law of the overlying rock structure and the disaster-causing mechanism and the of preventing rockburst in the deep long ultra-long working face were studied. Through numerical calculations, physical similarity simulation experiments, on-site monitoring and industrial tests and other research s and technical s, the law of overburden rock movement and the distribution of supporting pressure on the working face of the deep well were studied, and the mining of the ultra long working face was explored. During the process of rockburst suppression, the prevention and control measures of rockburst were implemented according to the actual engineering conditions of the working face, which ensured the safe mining of the coalface and achieved good application results. The thesis mainly achieved the following research results 1 By using the of numerical simulation to study the slant length of the working face at 200m and 360m, the characteristics of the advance bearing pressure evolution of the working face are obtained. When the oblique length of the working face increases from 200m to 360m, the maximum leading bearing pressure of the working face increases from 42.24 to 58.17, the stress concentration factor increases from 2.82 to 3.88, and the position of the maximum leading bearing pressure of the working face increases from 4.5m to 5.5m, increasing the influence range. 2 Through the analysis of stress monitoring data, the influence distance of the leading bearing pressure of the working face is 70.3-85.1m, and the position of the IV bearing pressure increases sharply 30m from the coal wall; through theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, the working face is promoted when the working face is 360m long At 50m, 100 m, 150m, 200m, 300m, and 360m, the stress concentration factors are 2.24, 2.74, 2.91, 2.96, 2.99, and 3.88, respectively. 3 Through the simulation of similar materials, it reveals the development characteristics of roof separation and movement characteristics of overburden structure in the mining of ultra-long working face in deep wells. When the key layer breaks for the first time, vibration occurs and the vibration is transmitted to the coal body, and additional stress is generated in the coal body , Thereby triggering rockburst; thereafter, with the periodic breakage of the key layer, periodic vibrations and periodic impacts occur. 4 The shorter the working face, the greater the impact of the periodic pressure step on the working face pushing progress, and the unevenness of the periodic pressing step is more prominent. The longer the working face, the longer the working pressure on the working face is. The smaller the impact of the progress, the more stable the step of the pressure is. At the same time, as the length of the working face increases, the parallelism of the broken line of the pressure to the roof and the working face is higher. The breakage of the key layer of the overburden stope in the ultra-long face is smaller than that of the ordinary face. Therefore, the ultra-long fully mechanized top-coal caving face has low intrusive strength and uni pressure distribution, and the inrush of the main key stratum of overburden rock will occur, so it is necessary to strengthen prediction and effective control. The paper contains 38 Figures, 9 Tables, and 122 References. Keywords Tianchen coal mine; Super long face; Overburden migration; Disaster prevention and control V 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ....................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ...................................................................................................................... V 图清单图清单 .................................................................................................................... IX 表清单表清单 ................................................................................................................... XII 1 绪论绪论 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ................................................................................................ 1 1.2 国内外研究现状及进展...................................................................................... 2 1.3 主要研究内容与方法 ....................................................................................... 11 1.4 研究技术路线 ...................................................................................................12 2 工程概况工程概况 .............................................................................................................14 2.1 工作面概况 .......................................................................................................14 2.2 工程地质条件 ...................................................................................................16 2.3 巷道支护技术方案 ...........................................................................................17 3 3下 下7123 超长工作面支承压力演化规律研究超长工作面支承压力演化规律研究 ......................................................19 3.1 3下7123 超长工作面支承压力演化规律数值模拟研究 ....................................19 3.2 3下7123 超长工作面支承压力演化特征实测研究 .........................................25 3.3 本章小结 ...........................................................................................................28 4 3下 下713 超长工作面覆岩运动规律与灾害控制超长工作面覆岩运动规律与灾害控制 ....................................................29 4.1 3下713 超长工作面开采顶板覆岩破断运移规律 ..............................................29 4.2 3下713 超长工作面开采微震特征研究 .............................................................34 4.3 3下713 超长工作面开采灾害控制 .....................................................................37 4.4 本章小结 ...........................................................................................................39 5 工程应用工程应用 .............................................................................................................40 5.1 工作面冲击危险性评价 ....................................................................................40 5.2 冲击危险区综合防治措施 ................................................................................41 5.3 应用效果 ...........................................................................................................50 6 主要结论主要结论 .............................................................................................................55 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................................57 VI 作者简历作者简历 .................................................................................................................64 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ..............................................................................................65 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................65 VII Contents Abstract .................................................................................................................... I Contents ................................................................................................................. III List of Figures ........................................................................................................ IX List of Tables ........................................................................................................ XII 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and research significance ................................................................. 1 1.2 Research Status and Development at Home and Abroad） ................................... 2 1.3 Main research Contents ...................................................................................... 11 1.4 Research Technical Route ...................................................................................12 2 Project Overview .................................................................................................14 2.1 Overview of working face...................................................................................14 2.2 Engineering geological conditions ......................................................................16 2.3 Technical scheme of roadway support .................................................................17 3 Research on the evolution law of support pressure in 3down7123 working face .................................................................................................................................19 3.1 Numerical simulation study on the evolution law of support pressure in 7132 panel of the lower 3 coal seam ................................................................................19 3.2 Study on the measurement of the evolution characteristics of the supporting pressure in 7132 panel of the lower 3 coal seam .....................................................25 3.3 Summary of chapter ............................................................................................28 4 Disaster-causing mechanism and disaster control in 7132 panel of the lower 3 coal seam .................................................................................................................29 4.1 The movement law of roof overburden rock breakage in 7132 panel of the lower 3 coal seam .............................................................................................................29 4.2 Research on microseismic characteristics of mining in 7132 panel of the lower 3 coal seam..................................................................................................................34 4.3 Disaster-causing mechanism and disaster control in 7132 panel of the lower 3 coal seam..................................................................................................................37 4.4 Summary of chapter ............................................................................................39 VIII 5 Engineering applications .....................................................................................40 5.1 Risk assessment of working face impact .............................................................40 5.2 Comprehensive prevention and control measures in impact danger areas ............41 5.3 Application effect ...............................................................................................50 6 Main conclusion ...................................................................................................55 References ...............................................................................................................57 References ...............................................................................................................64 Declaration of Thesis Originality ...........................................................................65 Thesis Data Collection ............................................................................................65 IX 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页 码 图 1-1 我国煤矿冲击地压矿井分布图 4 Figure 1-1 Distribution map of rock burst in coal mines in China 4 图 1-2 研究的技术路线 12 Figure 1-2 Technical route of research 12 图 2-1 3下7123 工作面剖面图 14 Figure 2-1 Section of 7132 pane