瞬变电磁法在煤层风氧化带探测中的应用研究——以鲍店煤矿为例.pdf
分类号分类号U P631.2 U 密密 级级 公公 开开 U D C 单位代码单位代码 10424 学学 位位 论论 文文 瞬变电磁法瞬变电磁法在在煤层风氧化带煤层风氧化带 探测探测中中的应用研究的应用研究 以鲍店煤矿为例以鲍店煤矿为例 张张 忠忠 杰杰 申请学位级别申请学位级别硕士学位硕士学位 专业专业名名称称地球探测与信息地球探测与信息 技术技术 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名翟培合翟培合 职职 称称副教授副教授 山山 东东 科科 技技 大大 学学 二〇一二年二〇一二年六六月月 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 论文题目论文题目 瞬变电磁法瞬变电磁法在在煤层风氧化带煤层风氧化带 探测探测中中的应用研究的应用研究 以鲍店煤矿为例以鲍店煤矿为例 作者姓名作者姓名张忠杰张忠杰 入学时间入学时间 U2009 年年 9 月月 专业名称专业名称地球探测与信息技术地球探测与信息技术 研究方向研究方向 地球探测技术地球探测技术 指导教师指导教师翟培合翟培合 职职 称称 U副教授副教授 论文提交日期论文提交日期U20122012 年年 5 5 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期U20122012 年年 6 6 月月 授予学位日期授予学位日期 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 STUDY ON THE APPLICATION OF TRABSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC TO PROBE COALSEAM OXYGENIZED BELTS –THE CASE OF BAODIAN COAL MINE A Dissertation ted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY from Shandong University of Science and Technology by Zhang ZhongJie Supervisor Professor Zhai PeiHe College of Geological Science and Engineering May 2012 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 声声 明明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文,除了所列参考文献和世所公认的文本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文,除了所列参考文献和世所公认的文 献外,全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于其它任何学术机献外,全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于其它任何学术机 关作鉴定。关作鉴定。 硕士生签名硕士生签名 日日 期期 AFFIRMATION I declare that this dissertation, ted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Master of Philosophy in Shandong University of Science and Technology, is wholly my own work unless referenced of acknowledge. The document has not been ted for qualification at any other academic institute. Signature Date 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 摘要摘要 随着煤矿开采技术的提高,开采深度越来越大,开采条件更加复杂,而地下煤炭的 风氧化,极大地影响到地下煤炭的开采,我国每年仅由地下煤炭的风氧化造成的直接经 济损失高达千万元以上,在国内外至今未有一种有效的手段可在地面探测出地下风化氧 化煤的准确位置与范围。 瞬变电磁法作为一种新兴的物探方法,在国内外得到了迅速发展。但其主要应用还 是在寻找矿体和解决深部疑难构造方面。由于它具有垂向及横向分辨率高、受地质噪声 影响较小等优点,因此在地下地质体勘查领域得到广泛应用。 论文采用理论分析、数值计算和工程应用相结合的方法开展瞬变电磁法数据处理方 法及应用研究。在对瞬变电磁法基本原理及其特点进行分析的基础上,推导阶跃脉冲电 流激发下均匀导电半空间偶极装置的瞬变电磁响应,并分析瞬变电磁法进行地面探测煤 层风氧化带的具体装置形式及施工方法技术,并结合现场应用对测量参数选取及技术措 施等进行探讨。 分析各种地面瞬变电磁仪器系统观测参数,通过实测数据的处理实验对比分析各种 滤波方法的滤波效果;探讨磁感应强度计算方法,并选用对数域插值、积分的方式实现 磁感应强度计算; 通过实测数据计算, 分析斜阶跃效应对全程视电阻率计算结果的影响; 经过公式推导,给出半空间条件下偶极装置瞬变响应的核函数,对瞬变电磁法时深转换 技术进行研究,并通过实测数据的时深转换结果分析了应用效果。 本文主要从煤层风氧化带特征和瞬变电磁法探测原理出发,采用地面瞬变电磁法探 测与五极纵轴直流电法对比验证相结合的手段, 参考区内相关的钻探、 水文地质等资料, 并采取了滤波、正演、反演等相应的技术手段,进行了大量的数据处理和分析。选择合 适的装置,准确的反映煤层风氧化带的范围和宽度。从而得出用瞬变电磁法探测煤层风 氧化带的可行性。 关键词关键词 瞬变电磁法 五极纵轴直流电法 煤层风氧化带 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 Abstract Abstract With the improvement of coal mining technology, mining depth is increasing, and mining conditions are more complicated .at the same time , the wind of the underground coal oxidation, greatly affect the underground coal mining, Chinas annual direct economic losses caused only by the weathering of the underground coal can up to more than one million yuan.So far, there is failed to find an effective means to detect the exact location and scope of the underground weathered coal on the ground both at home and abroad. The transient electromagnetic as a new geophysical has been developing rapidly at home and abroad. Its main application is in finding ore bodies and to solve the difficult structure of the deep. It is widely used in the field of exploration of underground geological body. Because of its high vertical and lateral resolution,and subject to geological noise impact smaller, etc. The paper combined the theoretical analysis, and numerical calculation with engineering applications s to carry out ransient electromagnetic data processing s and the studying of application . On the basis of analyzing the basic principles and characteristics of the transient electromagnetic , derivate the transient electromagnetic response of the divice in the step pulse current excited by a unily charged semi-space dipole,And detect wind oxidation zone by transient electromagnetic to analysis of specific device s and construction technique .And combined with field application to discuss the measuring parameters and technical measures Analysis of various ground transient electromagnetic instrument observation parameters, and contrast various filtering effect of filtering s by experimental of data processing; Discussion on calculating of magnetic induction intensity,And select log domain interpolation, integration to carry out magnetic induction intensity calculationThrough the measured data calculation,analysis oblique step effect impact on the calculated results of all time apparent resistivity;Then, through ula derivation, to get kernel function of dipole transient response in half space,and studied the technology of Time depth conversion of transient electromagnetic,and analysis the application effect by the result of time depth conversion of measured data. This article mainly starting from the characteristics of wind oxidation zone and detecting principle of transient electromagnetic, using ground transient electromagnetic combining with high density DC power means, and reference the relevant district drilling, hydrological geology data, and taking the technical means by filter, forward, inversion of the corresponding ,to undertake a great deal of data processing and analysis. Select the appropriate 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 Abstract device, accurately reflect zone and width of wind oxidation. Thus we can get the conclusion that there is feasible to use transient electromagnetic to detect Wind oxidation zone Key words Transient Electromagnetic s Five vertical DCelectric Oxygenized belts of coal seam 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 目录目录 U1 绪论绪论U ..................................................................................................................1 1.1 课题提出及研究意义U .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状U .......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 主要研究内容及技术路线U .......................................................................................... 3 U1.4 本章小结U ..................................................................................................................... 5 U2 煤层风氧化带特征煤层风氧化带特征U ..........................................................................................6 U2.1 煤层风氧化带的物理化学特征U ................................................................................. 6 U2.2 风氧化作用的标志U ..................................................................................................... 9 U2.3 风氧化带深度U ........................................................................................................... 10 2. 4 煤层风氧化带对煤矿开采的影响及危害U ............................................................... 10 U2.5 本章小结U ................................................................................................................... 11 U3 工作原理与方法研究工作原理与方法研究U ................................................................................... 12 U3.1 瞬变电磁法的工作原理及仪器U ............................................................................... 12 U3.2 五极纵轴直流电测深的工作原理及仪器U ............................................................... 20 U3.3 本章小结U ................................................................................................................... 22 U4 数据处理方法研究数据处理方法研究U .......................................................................................... 24 U4.1 资料的基本处理U ....................................................................................................... 24 U4.2 反演U ........................................................................................................................... 31 U4.3 半空间视电阻率计算U ............................................................................................... 34 U4.4 时深转换U ................................................................................................................... 35 U4.5 绘制参数图件U ........................................................................................................... 38 U4.6 本章小结U ................................................................................................................... 39 U5 瞬变电磁法探测煤层风氧化带的实际应用瞬变电磁法探测煤层风氧化带的实际应用U ................................................. 40 U5.1 勘探区概况U ............................................................................................................... 40 U5.2 勘探区地质及地球物理电性特征U ........................................................................... 41 U5.3 原始数据的采集U ....................................................................................................... 45 U5.4 资料解释U ................................................................................................................... 54 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 U5.5 本章小结U ................................................................................................................... 67 U6 结论结论U .................................................................................................................. 68 U致致 谢谢U ................................................................................................................. 70 U参考文献参考文献U ............................................................................................................. 71 U攻读硕士学位期间从事科学研究及发表论文情况攻读硕士学位期间从事科学研究及发表论文情况U ........................................ 76 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 Contents UU1 IntroductionUU .......................................................................................................1 UU1.1 Issues raised and its research significanceUU ............................................................................. 2 UU1.2 Current research StateUU ........................................................................................................ 3 UU1.3 Main research contents and ologyUU.............................................................................. 5 UU1.4 This chapter summaryUU ........................................................................................................ 6 UU2 Characteristics of coal seam air oxidation zoneUU .....................................................6 UU2.1 Physico-chemical characteristics of air oxidation of coal seam withUU ......................................... 6 UU2.2 Air oxidation of flagsUU ......................................................................................................... 9 UU2.3 Air oxidation zone depthUU .................................................................................................. 10 UU2.4UU UUAir oxidation of coal seam with coal mining hazardUU ............................................................ 10 UU2.5 This chapter summaryUU ...................................................................................................... 11 UU3 Study on the principle and s of workUU ...................................................... 12 UU3.1 Working principle of transient electromagnetic and apparatusUU .................................... 12 UU3.2 Five longitudinal axis of DC resistivity sounding principles and instrumentsUU ........................... 20 UU3.3 This chapter summaryUU ...................................................................................................... 22 UU4UU UUStudy on data processing UU ..................................................................... 24 UU4.1 Basic ination processingUU ............................................................................................ 24 UU4.2 InversionUU ........................................................................................................................ 31 UU4.3Calculation of half-space of apparent resistivityUU ................................................................... 34 UU4.4UU UUTime-depth conversionUU .................................................................................................... 35 UU4.5UU UUDrawing parameters mapUU ................................................................................................. 38 UU4.6 This chapter summaryUU ...................................................................................................... 39 UU5UU UUTransient electromagnetic detection by practical application of coal seam air oxidation zone in coal mineUU ............................................................................... 40 UU5.1UU UUExploration area overviewUU ............................................................................................... 40 UU5.2 Exploration of geological and geophysical featuresUU .............................................................. 41 UU5.3Collection of raw dataUU ....................................................................................................... 45 UU5.4 Data interpretationUU ........................................................................................................... 54 UU5.5 This chapter summaryUU ...................................................................................................... 67 UU6UU UUConclusionUU ..................................................................................................... 68 UUAcknowledgementUU ................................................................................................. 70 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 UUReferencesUU ............................................................................................................. 71 UUScientific Research and Published PapersUU ................................................................ 76 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 绪论 1 1 绪论绪论 1.1 课题提出及研究意义课题提出及研究意义 由于地下煤炭的风氧化,极大地影响到地下煤炭的开采,使我国每年仅由地下煤炭 的风化造成的直接经济损失就高达千万元以上,但在国内外至今仍未有一种有效的手段 能在地面探测出地下风化煤的准确位置与范围。 传统确定风化煤的范围的方法是根据煤层的露头内推而定,但由于各地区的地质条 件、构造断层和岩溶陷落柱及褶曲等情况、地形的高低和水文条件等的不同,这一推 断往往会与实际情况差别很大,并造成煤矿生产的被动。因此,能在地面采用有效的探 测手段准确地探测出地下煤层的风氧化带的位置与范围,是当今人们研究的课题。 众所周之,地下煤炭的风氧化,改变了煤炭的物理性质,如使得煤的密度降低,电 阻率变小,激化率发生变化等 [1]。一般在地形条件较好的地段有人尝试过采用地面电阻 率测深法进行探测,而在复杂地质、构造断层和岩溶陷落柱及褶曲等、地形等条件下, 在地面采用有效的探测手段给出地下风氧化煤的准确位置与范围,尤其是采用地面瞬变 电磁法进行探测,至今很少有人尝试。 近二十年来,瞬变电磁法作为一种新兴的物探方法,在国内外得到了迅速发展。但 其主要应用还是在寻找矿体和解决深部疑难构造方面。 由于它具有垂向及横向分辨率高、 受地质噪声