鲍店煤矿下组煤带压开采断层突水危险性评价.pdf

硕士学位论文 鲍店煤矿下组煤带压开采断层突水危险性评价 Dangerousness uation of Water Inrush in Fault while Mining Lower Coal under Pressure in Baodian Coal Mine [国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2013CB036003）] 作 者符家驹 导 师姜振泉 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一五年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 TD12 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 鲍店煤矿下组煤带压开采断层突水危险性评价 Dangerousness uation of Water Inrush in Fault while Mining Lower Coal under Pressure in Baodian Coal Mine 作 者 符家驹 导 师 姜振泉 教授 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 资源与地球科学学院 学科专业 地质工程 研究方向 工程地质与岩土工程 答辩委员会主席 评 阅 人 二○一五年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明 学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学位 论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的部 分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使用影 印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图 书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅 读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 论文审阅认定书 论文审阅认定书 研究生 符家驹 在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案的要 求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学位论文,经 审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合学 校的相关规定，同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致谢 致谢 三年的研究生学习时光转眼即逝，这意味着人生即将步入一个新的阶段，也意味着在 校学习时光的结束。在此离别之际，我想对研究生期间给予我帮助和指导的老师及同学表 示感谢，特别对我的论文有过指导和帮助的人表示衷心感谢。 首先我要深深感谢我的导师姜振泉教授，本论文是在导师的指导帮助下完成的。从论 文的选题，资料的收集、整理，研究思路以及论文的撰写、成文、修改、定稿，每一个环 节无不凝结着导师的智慧和心血， 没有导师的指导和鼓励， 论文是不可能得以顺利完成的。 从师三年来，老师学识渊博，思想深邃，视野雄阔，为我营造了一种良好的精神氛围；老 师严谨的治学态度，严于律己、宽以待人的高尚品德以及认真的求实精神，使我学习到了 治学、做人和成才的道理。另外，导师在生活方面也给予学生无微不至的关心和帮助。师 恩似海，在此向老师致以深深的谢意和崇高的敬意 特别感谢朱术云副教授、孙强副教授和朴春德副教授在论文选题中的指导，他们对选 题、研究思路和文献查阅及论文的撰写等提出了许多有益的建议和帮助，在此表示衷心地 感谢 感谢在论文撰写与修改过程中给予帮助的师兄弟和姐妹们非常感谢朱术云老师、孙 强老师、黄震师兄及梁德贤师兄对论文主要环节的指点与建议，感谢同门常刚、王一栋、 周海涛、张卫强、唐鑫、邓舒、吴现帅、孙晓倩、姚亚辉、刘斌、张辉、刘荡平、杨礼宁、 张锐在学习和生活中的帮助与支持。 特别感谢张蕊师兄及冯丽红嫂子在生活上的关怀与照顾，感谢室友丁卿峰、奚方喆、 周海涛的陪伴与帮助，同时也很高兴能和同学张强、刘飞、唐鑫、张卫强度过三年的快乐 时光。学习工作上，非常感谢钱自卫师兄、黄震师兄及梁德贤师兄，没有他们的帮助与指 导，很多工作将无法完成，更不可能取得现在的成绩。感谢我的家人、亲戚朋友们对我的 关怀、鼓励和无私奉献，你们不仅是我此刻顺利完成学业，也是我漫漫人生路上的坚实后 盾和精神支柱。 最后，感谢各位专家在百忙之中对论文评审提出的宝贵意见 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 本文以鲍店煤矿下组煤带压开采为研究背景，整理分析了下组煤补勘资料、水文观测 资料及地质构造资料，并结合兖州矿区底板压渗试验成果，综合评价了鲍店煤矿下组煤带 压开采的危险性 通过对下组煤底板各承压含水层水压、富水性，以及底板隔水层厚度、岩性组合等特 征的分析，并结合突水系数法初步判断十三灰含水层对下组煤带压开采具有一定威胁； 十四灰含水层的威胁程度相对有限；奥灰含水层对正常结构底板威胁不大，但应注意其对 上部各含水层的补给作用；对各承压含水层，断层破碎带是较薄弱的部位，存在断层突水 的危险。 由于突水系数法是一种经验方法，其对不同地区适用性有待考证。故结合兖州矿区对 底板阻渗性的研究成果，做进一步判断。通过综合对比分析 18 个正常结构底板与扰动带 的压渗试验结果，揭示了不同结构底板岩层的阻水性能，并给出相应的阻渗性量化指标及 评价模型， 以此对下组煤带压开采进行评价。 最终确定在下组煤正常底板十三灰威胁较大， 十四灰威胁较弱，奥灰主要通过断层破碎带对开采造成威胁。 最后，以带压开采评价结果为指导方向，综合多方面考虑，对鲍店煤矿下组煤开采提 出防治水建议对本溪组薄层灰岩采取疏降措施；对奥灰水，首先以隔离其与上部含水层 的联系入手，再以留设防水煤柱的措施应对断层突水。此外，结合阻渗性评价指标及矿 井水文地质规程对断层防水煤柱的留设要求，对鲍店煤矿断层防水煤柱宽度的留设方案 提出了一定优化建议。 该论文有图 25 幅，表 22 个，参考文献 74 篇。 关键词关键词下组煤；带压开采；压渗试验；抗渗强度；断层突水；防水煤柱 万方数据 II Abstract The lower coal seam supplementary survey, hydrologic observation and geological structure datum were analysed based on the Baodian Coal Mine which is mining the lower coal seam with floor pressure.In addition, the risk of water inrush was uated by using the results of water injection tests in Yanzhou mining area. Through the analysis of water pressure and water-abundance of the confined aquifers, the thickness and the lithological combinations of aquicludes under the lower coal floor, and combining the water inrush coefficient to get the judgement. The Thirteen Limestone has some threat in mining lower coal under pressure. the effect of Fourteen Limestone are relatively limited. Ordovician Limestone has slight threat in normal structure floor, but must pay attention to the supplement effect to other aquifers. The fault fracture zone is weakly place to all confined aquifers, the dangerousness of water inrush exist in there. The water inrush coefficient is empirical, the applicability of it awaits proof. In order to get the further jugement, combining the achievement of the impermeability research in Yanzhou mining area. Revealing the water resistance ability of different structure floors, by comparing and analyzing 18 water injection tests in normal and disturbed floor. Come up with the quantified index of impermeability and the uation model, and adopted these to uate the lower coal mining under pressure. Confirmed the major threat to normal floor is derived from the Thirteen Limestone, the effect of the Fourteen Limestone is weakly, and the Ordovician Limestone would threat mining through fault fracture zone. Lastly, regard the uation result as the direction, take various factors into account, gave suggest of water prevention and cure to lower coal ming under pressure. Suggest discharging the thin limestone in Benxi ation. For Ordovician Limestone, first, obstruct the hydraulic relation with the aquifers upon it, second, reserve the waterproof pillar to deal with the water inrush in faults. In addition, combined the impermeability uation index with the require of fault water proof pillar reservation in Mine Hydrogeologic Regulation, to give some optimization suggestion to the scheme of fault waterproof pillar in Baodian Coal Mine. Key word Lower coal seam; Mining under pressure; water injection test; Preventing seepage strength; Water inrush in fault; Waterproof pillar 万方数据 III 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ............................................................................................................................................. I 目目 录录 .......................................................................................................................................... III 图清单图清单 ......................................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单 ........................................................................................................................................... IX 变量注释表变量注释表 ................................................................................................................................... XI 1 绪论绪论 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 主要研究内容及技术路线 ...................................................................................................... 6 2 矿井概况矿井概况 ..................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 矿井交通位置 .......................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 矿井生产概况 .......................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 矿井地质概况 .......................................................................................................................... 9 2.4 下组煤水文地质概况 ............................................................................................................ 16 3 鲍店煤矿下组煤带压开采条件鲍店煤矿下组煤带压开采条件 ............................................................................................... 20 3.1 含水层特征 ............................................................................................................................ 20 3.2 隔水层特征 ............................................................................................................................ 25 3.3 影响底板隔水性的主要因素 ................................................................................................ 31 3.4 下组煤底板突水系数 ............................................................................................................ 33 4 下组煤底板阻渗能力下组煤底板阻渗能力 ............................................................................................................... 37 4.1 原位压渗试验 ........................................................................................................................ 37 4.2 底板阻渗性及其结构效应 .................................................................................................... 38 4.3 裂隙导渗通道 ........................................................................................................................ 43 4.4 底板阻渗强度量化取值 ........................................................................................................ 45 4.5 采动底板阻渗能力评价模型 ................................................................................................ 47 4.6 鲍店煤矿下组煤底板阻水能力分析 .................................................................................... 50 5 鲍店煤矿断层带压开采评价鲍店煤矿断层带压开采评价 ................................................................................................... 54 5.1 断层带阻渗能力评价模型 .................................................................................................... 54 5.2 断层破碎带阻水能力分析 .................................................................................................... 56 万方数据 IV 5.3 带压开采防治水建议 ............................................................................................................ 65 6 结论与建议结论与建议 ............................................................................................................................... 70 6.1 主要结论 ................................................................................................................................ 70 6.2 建议 ........................................................................................................................................ 71 参考文献参考文献 ....................................................................................................................................... 72 作者简历作者简历 ....................................................................................................................................... 76 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................................... 77 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ........................................................................................................................... 78 万方数据 V Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... II contents .......................................................................................................................................... V List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ VII List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ IX List of Variables ........................................................................................................................... XI 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background and Significance .................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Present Situation of Domestic and Foreign ............................................................... 2 1.3 Research Contents and Technical Way ...................................................................................... 6 2 General of Mine .......................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Traffic Positon of Mine ............................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Production General Situation of Mine ...................................................................................... 8 2.3 Geology General Situation of Mine .......................................................................................... 9 2.4 Hydro-geological Condition of Lower Coal Seam ................................................................. 16 3 Condition of Baodian Lower Coal Mining under Pressure .................................................. 20 3.1 Characteristics of Aquifer ........................................................................................................ 20 3.2 Characteristics of Aquiclude ................................................................................................... 25 3.3 Main Influence Factors of Floor Waterproof........................................................................... 31 3.4 Water Inrush Coefficient of Lower Coal Seam Floor ............................................................. 33 4 Water Resistance Ablity of Lower Coal Seam Floor ............................................................. 37 4.1 In-situ Water Injection Test ..................................................................................................... 37 4.2 Coal Seam Floor Impermeability and Structure Effect ........................................................... 38 4.3 Fissure Seepage Channels ....................................................................................................... 43 4.4 Quantitative Impermeability Strength Value of Coal Seam Floor .......................................... 45 4.5 Impermeability uation Model of Mining Disturbance Floor ........................................... 47 4.6 Water Resistance Ability of Baodian Lower Coal Seam Floor ............................................... 50 5 uation of Baodian Coal Mining under Pressure in Fault Zone .................................... 54 5.1 Impermeability uation Model of Fault Zone .................................................................... 54 5.2 Water Resistance Ability Analysis of Fault Zone .................................................................... 56 万方数据 VI Water Prevention and Cure Suggestion of Coal Mining under Pressure ...................................... 65 6 Conclusion and Suggestion ...................................................................................................... 70 6.1 Main Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 70 6.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................................................... 71 References .................................................................................................................................... 72 Author’s Resume .......................................................................................................