采动沉陷影响下埋地管道与土相互作用及力学响应研究.pdf

博士学位论文 采动沉陷影响下埋地管道与土相互作用 及力学响应研究 Study on the Buried Pipeline-soil Interaction and Its Mechanical Response by Mining Subsidence 作 者 徐 平 导 师 茅献彪 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一五年四月 中图分类号 TD327 学校代码 10290 UDC 密 级 公 开 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973 计划）项目（2013CB227900） 国家自然科学基金委员会与神华集团有限责任公司联合资助项目（U1261201） 高等学校博士点专项科研基金项目（20120095110013） 国家优秀青年科学基金（51322401） 中国矿业大学 博士学位论文 采动沉陷影响下埋地管道与土相互作用 及力学响应研究 Study on the Buried Pipeline-soil Interaction and Its Mechanical Response by Mining Subsidence 作 者 徐 平 导 师 茅献彪 申请学位 工学博士 培养单位 深部岩土力学与地下 工程国家重点实验室 学科专业 工程力学 研究方向 采动岩体力学与工程 答辩委员会主席 评 阅 人 二○一五年四月 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书）。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 论论文审阅认定书文审阅认定书 研究生 徐 平 在规定的学习年限内， 按照研究生培养方案 的要求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本 学位论文,经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同， 论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定， 同意将本论文作为学位申请论文 送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 致致 谢谢 时光荏苒，白驹过隙，三年博士求学时光转瞬即逝。论文即将付梓之际，感 激之情油然而生。特别感谢我的恩师茅献彪教授，茅老师在我论文的选题、撰写 和修改等方面倾注大量心血，使论文得以顺利完成。从师三载，收获颇丰，感触 亦深。茅老师严谨的治学态度，孜孜不倦的钻研精神，谦和的处事风格，深深地 感染和激励着我，为我树立了学习的典范。老师在学业上给予我精心指导，使我 在科研方法、科研思维等方面得到了系统的训练，老师在生活上给予我细心的关 怀，教育我为人处世的哲学，每次与老师的促膝长谈，都使我如沐春风，受益无 穷。在此，谨向我的恩师致以衷心的感谢和崇高的敬意，祝愿老师身体健康，工 作顺利 衷心感谢缪协兴教授，缪老师的谆谆教诲仍记忆犹新，缪老师渊博的知识、 丰富的科研经验提升了我的学术视野，激励我不断进步。 特别感谢周跃进副教授，周老师对我博士期间的学习及论文的选题、撰写给 予了悉心的指导和帮助。 周老师积极的人生态度和勤勉务实的工作作风激励着我 不断开拓进取。 在博士学习和论文撰写期间，得到了课题组老师们的指导和教诲。感谢王连 国教授、陈占清教授、白海波教授、赵玉成教授、浦海教授、马占国教授、卢爱 红教授、吴宇副教授、张凯副教授、冯梅梅副教授的指导和帮助。感谢喻梅、李 明、茅蓉蓉、郭晓倩、李磊、刘玉、彭刚、戎虎仁、陈家瑞、王立平、刘瑞雪、 郁邦永、马丹、陶静、马超、刘少杰等同学与我一同探讨学习，共同奋斗。感谢 师弟李佳伟、曹正正、张奇、丁其乐、汪尔乾等对我博士学习和论文撰写期间的 帮助。 感谢环境与测绘学院李永峰教授和张华副教授对我论文的指导和帮助。 感谢华东管道设计研究院王乃和总工对我论文的帮助。 感谢河南理工大学梁为民教授、王有凯教授、郭文兵教授对我论文中室内试 验及理论分析方面的指导和帮助。感谢崔文杰、高帅、王彦星、陶亚萍等在室内 试验方面的辛苦付出 感谢贤惠的妻子对我的默默付出和关爱，感谢女儿的欢乐相伴，你们的伴随 使我更加坚定前行。 感谢论文引用文献的作者，你们的前期研究使我论文得到顺利开展。 作者 2015 年 4 月于徐州 I 摘摘 要要 我国管道运输的快速发展和煤矿开采沉陷区的持续扩大， 越来越多的埋地管 道将受到采动沉陷影响，因此，煤矿开采影响下埋地管道的安全正常运营成为管 道工程中亟待解决的难题。沉陷土体中管-土相互作用机制及其力学响应研究是 埋地管道安全评定的基础，对埋地管道的安全性预测具有重要意义。本文综合运 用试验研究、理论分析及数值模拟等方法与手段，对采动沉陷土体中的管-土相 互作用机制及埋地管道的力学响应进行了系统研究，取得了如下创新性成果 （1）自行研制了用于沉陷土体中管-土相互作用研究的专用试验系统，主要 包括模型制作系统、沉陷土体的变形控制系统、土体及埋地管道的变形监测系 统、管周土体压力及管道应变监测系统等。试验系统可实现不同开采沉陷方式、 不同管-土力学参数条件下土体及埋地管道的应力及变形分布规律测试，为沉陷 土体中管-土相互作用机制研究提供依据。 （2）借助于研制的沉陷土体中管-土相互作用专用试验系统，对不同土体沉 陷过程中的管-土下沉变形、管周土压力、管道轴向应变及管上侧土体的变形进 行了测定，得到了管-土下沉变形、管周土压力及管道应变分布规律，揭示了沉 陷过程中的管-土变形协同关系、管周体土体破坏及管周约束力分布特征。 （3）建立了土体沉陷过程中埋地管道力学响应分析的数值模型，模拟并分 析了土体沉陷过程中管-土变形协同关系及管道附加轴向应力的分布特征，分析 得到了沉陷过程中管道埋深、土体力学参数对埋地管道力学响应的影响规律。 （4）基于概率积分法，分析得到了工作面开采过程中管道沿线的沉陷变形 规律，并给出了相应的沉陷变形预计公式，建立了采动沉陷中的管-土协同变形 条件。基于采动沉陷中的管-土变形关系，建立了管-土协同和非协同变形阶段的 力学分析模型，分析给出了埋地管道附加应力的计算公式，并编制了采动沉陷中 埋地管道力学响应的分析程序。 （5）针对某煤矿工作面的采矿地质条件，采用相似模拟试验方法预测了该 工作面开采引起的地表变形及埋地管道沿线变形规律。 分析得到了开采沉陷影响 下埋地管道的应力分布规律，并对埋地管道的安全性进行了评定。 研究成果可为采动沉陷过程中埋地管道的力学响应分析及安全性评定提供 重要依据。 本论文共有图130幅，表16个，参考文献191篇。 关键词关键词采动沉陷；管-土相互作用；埋地管道；力学响应；协同变形 II Abstract More and more buried pipelines will be affected by mining subsidence because of the increasing mining areas and the development of pipeline transport in China, so it is a difficult problem which should be studied urgently for the normal operation of buried pipelines induced by coal mining. Research on pipe-soil interaction mechanism and mechanical response of buried pipelines are the basis of safety assessment for buried pipelines, and it is important to the safety prediction of buried pipelines. In this dissertation, systematic research on pipe-soil interaction mechanism and mechanical response of buried pipelines in the mining subsidence soil has been done by experimental study, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The major innovative achievements are outlined as follows. 1 Test equipment and system for pipe-soil interaction research in mining subsidence soil have been developed. The test system includes model making system, deation control system for soil induced by subsidence, deation monitoring system for soil and buried pipeline, earth pressure around the pipe and pipe strain monitoring system. This test system can monitor the deation and stress of soil and pipeline induced by mining subsidence and pipe-soil mechanics parameters, and it can provide evidence for study of pipe-soil interaction mechanism. 2 The pipe-soil deation, pressure around the pipe, pipe axial strain and soil deation above pipeline are determined in different soils by test system for pipe-soil interaction. The distribution laws of pipe-soil deation, pressure around the pipe and strain along pipeline have been obtained. It reveals the pipe-soil coordinating deation relations, the characteristics of soil break and binding force around buried pipeline in the test. 3 Numerical analysis model of mechanical response of buried pipelines in the mining subsidence soil is established. Pipe-soil coordinating deation and distribution of additional axial stress during evolution of subsidence have been simulated. Influence laws of pipeline depth, soil mechanics parameters to mechanical response of buried pipelines are revealed. 4 Based on probability integral , the surface deation laws along pipeline and its prediction ulas induced by mining are derived, and pipe-soil cooperative deation conditions in mining subsidence are established. Based on the pipe-soil deation relations, pipe-soil coordinating and non-coordinating III mechanical model are established respectively. The calculation of additional stress and mechanical response of buried pipeline are proposed. The analysis program of buried pipeline mechanical response induced by the mining subsidence is put forward. 5 According to mining geological conditions of a mining working face, similar simulation test is conducted to predict the deation of surface along pipeline with the mining working face advance. The distribution law for strain of buried pipeline induced by mining subsidence is obtained, and safety assessment for buried pipeline is carried out. The results can be treated as an important basis for analysis mechanical response and safety assessment of buried pipeline in the mining subsidence. In this paper, there are 130 figures, 16tables, 191references. Keywords mining subsidence; pipe-soil interaction; buried pipeline; mechanical response; coordinating deation. IV Extended Abstract Since long distance oil and gas pipelines have gone through the main coal areas, and the areas of coal-mining regions continues to expand, more and more buried pipelines will be influenced by mining subsidence in China. The mechanical response of buried pipelines in mining should be studied urgently. This dissertation studies pipe-soil interaction mechanism and mechanical response of buried pipelines induced by mining subsidence. Through the laboratory test, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering application analysis, the characteristics and evolution law of pipe-soil interaction in mining subsidence have been revealed. Based on numerical simulation for mechanical response of buried pipe, the additional axial stress distribution and pipe-soil deation features are obtained. In addition, this dissertation studies the force and deation analysis for buried pipeline induced by mining subsidence. This dissertation has important meanings and reference value to the stress analysis and security assessment of buried pipeline induced by mining subsidence. Main results of this research as following 1 Through the analysis of the evolution mechanism of the mining surface subsidence basin, the deation of buried pipeline and soil in the mining subsidence is revealed. Based on the analysis of the deation of buried pipeline and soil in the mining subsidence, the characteristics of binding force around buried pipelines in the mining subsidence is revealed and its calculation ulas are derived. 2 Test equipment and system for pipe-soil interaction research in mining subsidence soil have been developed. The test system includes model making system, deation control system for soil induced by subsidence, deation monitoring system for soil and buried pipeline, earth pressure around the pipe and pipe strain monitoring system. This test system can monitor the deation and stress of soil and pipeline induced by mining subsidence and pipe-soil mechanics parameters, and it can provide evidence for study of pipe-soil interaction mechanism. 3 As the results of pile-soil interaction test in mining subsidence, pipe and surrounding soil will experience coordinating and non-coordinating deation during the process of subsidence along the pipeline. The subsidence of pipe is consistent with that of soil around the pipe in coordinating deation. In the process of non-coordinating deation, the sinking speed of buried pipe is less that of soil in center mining subsidence. Pipeline starts to compress the pipe top soil. Top soil comes V into fracture plane from bottom to up. Top sand will a vertical dislocation fracture plane. Top cohesive soil will the fracture surface from pipe top to both sides expansion. Pressure of soil and pipe monitoring point strain show showed significant stage in the various stages of soil subsidence. In subsidence edge, there is tension on top and compression in the bottom, while in the center subsidence, there is compression on top and tension in the bottom. Pipe-soil axial friction is away the direction of soil subsidence center at the edge during the process of subsidence, and pipe-soil axial friction is point to the direction of soil subsidence center in the central subsidence. 4 As the results of pile-soil interaction test in mining subsidence, there is a tensile zone on top and a compression zone in the bottom of pipeline, while in the center subsidence, there is a compression zone on top and a tensile zone in the bottom of pipeline. The direction of pipe-soil axial friction at the edge of subsidence area is away deviate from the center of subsidence area, while in the center subsidence, pipe-soil axial friction is point to the direction of soil subsidence center during the process of soil subsidence along the buried pipeline. 5 Numerical analysis model of mechanical response of buried pipelines in the mining subsidence soil is established. Numerical analysis shows that pipe and surrounding soil will experience coordinating and non-coordinating deation during the process of mining subsidence along the pipeline. Pipe-soil coordinating deation and soil deation features at the top pipe are consistent with the laboratory test results in the process of soil subsidence evolution. The characteristics of deation features from numerical simulation agree well with laboratory test. Additional axial stress along the top of pipeline affected by buried depths is studied. With the expansion of soil subsidence and subsidence area, pipeline depth effects on additional axial stress more obviously. Less depth, soil rupture surface at the top of pipeline develop more easily, then with the emergence of unloading phenomenon for buried pipeline. The additional stress of pipeline decreases with the buried depth of pipeline decrease. 6 Additional pipeline stress along the pipeline influenced by internal friction angle and cohesion force of soil have been studied. With the expansion of soil subsidence and subsidence area, the mechanical parameters of soil effects on additional axial stress more obviously. The additional pipeline stress decreases with the internal friction angle and cohesion force decrease. The soil at the top of pipe has VI been compressed, there will be a non-coordinating deation area in it. In addition, the deation area increases with the cohesion force increase during the process of mining subsidence. With subsidence development, the additional stress of pipeline in sand is less that in cohesive soil, and unloading phenomenon at the top of buried pipelines appears earlier. Compared with cohesive soil, sand is more conducive to reduce the additional stress of buried pipelines in settlement process. 7 According to geometrical relations of mining surface, mining subsidence basin and buried pipeline, the mining surface deation prediction ulas along pipeline are derived, and critical pipe-soil coordinating deation conditions in mining subsidence are established. Based on the pipe-soil deation relations, pipe-soil coordinating and non-coordinating mechanical model are established respectively. The calculation of additional stress and mechanical response of buried pipeline are proposed. In addition, the analysis process of buried pipeline mechanical response in the mining subsidence is put forward. 8 The mechanical response of buried pipeline influenced by 14101 mining working face is taken as the research object. In this research, parameters of surface movement are obtained by the results of similar simulation test. Furthermore, surface deation along the pipeline is anticipated. Respectively based on the calculation program by MATHMATIC and numerical simulation analysis, mechanical response of buried pipelines induced by the 14101 mining working face advance is analyzed. Analysis shows with the 14101 working face advance, soil around pipeline and buried pipe work in the coordination deation. At early subsidence, the maximal additional axial stress is growing rapidly, and later the growth gradually become smaller. The maximum tensile and compressive stress of the pipe grows with the expansion of subsidence, distributed in the central of subsidence along the pipeline. Through analysis of Mises equivalent stress at the bottom and top of pipeline in working surface, the peak Mises equivalent stress distributes in Marginal and center subsidence Region along the pipeline, where are easy to yield failure location for buried pipeline. Security assessment of buried pipeline induced by mining subsidence based on Mises equivalent stress analysis shows that Mises equivalent stress is less than allowable stress of pipeline with the 14101 working surface advance, therefore, buried pipeline induced by mining subsidence is safety. VII 目目 录录 摘摘 要要.............................................................................................................................. I 图清单图清单......................................................................................................................... XI 表清单表清单.......