煤巷快速掘进空顶自稳规律及施工方案优化研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 煤巷快速掘进空顶自稳规律及施工方案 优化研究 Study on Empty-Support Roof’s Self-Stabilization Regulation for Fast Driving Coal Roadway and Optimization of Construction Scheme 作 者吴朋起 导 师赵一鸣 讲师 中国矿业大学 二〇一七年五月 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目51404256 中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2016M601916） 国家重点研发计划专项资助项目（2016YFC0600904） 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 煤巷快速掘进空顶自稳规律及施工方案 优化研究 Study on Empty-Support Roof’s Self-Stabilization Regulation for Fast Driving Coal Roadway and Optimization of Construction Scheme 作 者 吴朋起 导 师 赵一鸣 讲 师 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 岩体力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 柏建彪 评 阅 人 薛俊华 许兴亮 二〇一七年五月 万方数据 Ⅱ 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 致谢致谢 时光飞逝，三年的硕士生涯一晃而过，回首往昔，感慨良多在这论文即将 完成之际，首先向我的恩师赵一鸣老师致以诚挚的谢意在此真诚感谢导师赵一 鸣近三年来给予我在学习、工作、生活中的指导和关心。祝愿他身体健康、工作 顺利、生活幸福。 本文是在导师赵一鸣的悉心指导下完成的，在论文选题、路线设计、框架构 建乃至最后的文理疏通、审阅定稿等每一步工作中，导师都倾注了大量的心血， 感激之情难以言表。此外，在我工作方向定位以及找工作过程中，导师也给予了 极大的鼓励和帮助。老师的为业、为师、为人之道是我求学之路上不可多得的宝 贵财富，我将永远铭记和珍视，并在今后的学习工作中继续努力践行。 本论文的完成也离不开其他各位老师、同学和朋友的关心与帮助。在此也要 感谢张农教授、郑西贵教授、李桂臣教授、许兴亮副教授、阚甲广副教授、韩昌 良老师在论文开题、初稿、预答辩期间所提出的宝贵意见；感谢潘东江博士、王 洋博士、孙元田博士在学习中细心的帮助；感谢张天池、高凯、李俊孟、王震、 李井、王龙辉在论文写作过程中给予的帮助及建议，感谢课题组为本论文提供的 数据和建议， 还要感谢同门的师弟吕浩浩、 李硕对论文的校对以及提出修改意见， 也祝愿他们学有所成。 乌鸦还哺，羔羊跪乳，父母恩情，终身难报。深深感谢父母在这么多年求学 过程中的支持，让我有无尽的动力，此外，感谢哥哥在我求学路上给予的关心与 支持。衷心祝他们身体健康，生活幸福 最后感谢在百忙之中评审论文并提出宝贵意见的各位专家， 感谢论文所有引 用文献作者们的辛勤工作，感谢所有帮助和关心过我的人 吴朋起 2017 年 5 月于徐州 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 煤巷快速掘进是矿井实现提高单掘速度、解决采掘矛盾、 推动煤矿机械化升 级的重要保障。 其技术本质是解决在有限的空顶区边缘或内部，优化煤巷掘进中 破岩、支护、装运三大工序之间的配置问题。科学合理的空顶距是巷道安全快速 掘进的前提， 综掘工作面支护时间约占巷道掘进时间的 70， 支护工艺的优化是 提高掘进速度的核心。 本文以济三煤矿 183下05 工作面胶带机顺槽为工程背景，运用理论分析、数 值计算和工业性试验相结合的方法，以空顶区顶板薄板理论为切入点，分析了层 状矩形巷道空顶区薄板模型力学行为， 揭示了快速掘进空顶区顶板自稳演化规律， 并阐明了应力环境对极限空顶距的影响特征； 同时在巷道支护参数优化的基础上， 以迎头作业时间最小化为目标， 采用多工序交叉平行作业对掘进施工工艺进行了 优化。论文取得了以下主要结论 （1）建立了四边固支的迎头空顶区顶板的薄板力学模型，基于弹性力学理 论， 推导求解了薄板模型的挠度及应力分布理论公式，并以拉破坏准则为基础得 出了极限空顶距的理论公式。 （2）利用 FLAC3D数值模拟软件分析了空顶距对空顶区、支护区及迎头前 方应力、位移、塑性区分布的影响特征。研究结果表明空顶距对支护区及迎头 前方围岩稳定性影响较小，对空顶区巷道围岩稳定性影响较为显著。 （3）模拟研究了掘进迎头应力环境对极限空顶距的影响特征。不同埋深及 侧压系数下，空顶区围岩变形规律相同随着距支护末排距离的增加，巷道顶板 下沉量、底鼓量及左帮移近量均呈先增加后减小的特征， 围岩最大值变形位置距 离支护末排 3～4m；当埋深超过 600m 及侧压系数在 1.0～2.0 之间时，空顶区围 岩变形量增长较为明显。 （4）基于理论分析、数值模拟及现场实测结果对济三煤矿原有施工方案进 行了优化并开展了工业性试验，采用优化后的施工方案后， 巷道掘进平均速度由 6m/d 提高到 9m/d，取得了良好的应用效果。 该论文有图 47 幅，表 8 个，参考文献 75 篇。 关键词关键词快速掘进；薄板模型；极限空顶距；方案优化 万方数据 II Abstract Rapid drivage of coal roadway is an important supporting technology for improving the speed of single excavation, resolving the contradiction of mining and promoting the mechanization of coal mine. Its technical essence is to solve the problem of allocation between three major processes of breaking rock, supporting and loading in the optimized empty roof, edge or interior, and optimizing the tunneling technology. Scientific and reasonable empty-support distance is the prerequisite for safe and rapid excavation. At the same time, the support technology optimization is the core to improve the single excavation because the support approximately occupies 70 of the roadway excavation time. In this thesis, Jining No.3 Coal Mine 183下05 working face haulage entry as the engineering background. Using the of theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and industrial test combination, with empty top roof plate theory as the breakthrough point, analyzes the layered rectangular tunnel roof area sheet model’s mechanical behavior, revealing the empty-support area roof’s stability evolution law under rapid excavation, and clarifies the stress environment on the impact from the characteristics of maximum empty-support distance. Finally, on the basis of the optimization of roadway support density, the optimization of tunneling construction technology is carried out by using multi process cross parallel based on the principle of minimizing working time. The following conclusions are obtained 1 Established four clamped edges of head plate roof mechanical model. Using the theory of elasticity on the sheet model are analyzed, derived and calculated the deflection model and stress distribution of the theoretical ula, and the tensile failure criterion was obtained from the theoretical ula of empty top limit. 2 Using FLAC3D software to study the influence of the empty-support distance on the stress, displacement and plastic distribution characteristics of the empty-support area, the support area and the front of the head. The results show that the roof spacing has little influence on the stability of the surrounding rock of the supporting area and the front of the tunnel, and has a significant influence on the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the supporting area. 3 The influence of the stress environment on the ultimate void spacing is simulated. Different depth and lateral pressure coefficient, empty top zone deation law of surrounding rock with the same distance support end row distance 万方数据 III increasing, roof subsidence, floor closer and closer to the left side volume increased firstly and then decreases, the maximum distance between the supporting end row 34m; when the tunnel buried depth more than 600m and 12 in the lateral pressure coefficient, deation of surrounding rock increases obviously. 4 By means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement, the original construction scheme of Jining No.3 Coal Mine was optimized. The average speed of excavation is increased from 6m/d to 9m/d, and good results have been achieved. There are 47 figures, 8 tables and 75 references in this thesis. Keywords rapid excavation; shell model; limit empty-support distance; construction scheme 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ........................................................................................................................ IV 图清单图清单 ..................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单 ........................................................................................................................ XI 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................... XII 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 选题背景及意义..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状..................................................................................................... 1 1.3 存在问题................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 研究内容及技术路线............................................................................................. 9 2 层状矩形巷道空顶区薄板模型力学行为分析层状矩形巷道空顶区薄板模型力学行为分析 ..................................................... 10 2.1 空顶区顶板力学模型建立................................................................................... 10 2.2 空顶区顶板力学模型求解................................................................................... 11 2.3 本章小结............................................................................................................... 14 3 层状矩形巷道的空顶自稳演化机制层状矩形巷道的空顶自稳演化机制 ..................................................................... 15 3.1 数值模拟研究....................................................................................................... 15 3.2 空顶距对围岩稳定性的影响............................................................................... 17 3.3 巷道埋深对空顶区围岩稳定性的影响............................................................... 26 3.4 构造应力对空顶区围岩稳定性的影响............................................................... 28 3.5 本章小结............................................................................................................... 30 4 煤巷快速掘进施工方案优化煤巷快速掘进施工方案优化 ................................................................................. 31 4.1 快速掘进支护参数优化....................................................................................... 31 4.2 快速掘进空顶距优化........................................................................................... 34 4.3 快速掘进施工工艺优化....................................................................................... 34 4.4 优化效果评价....................................................................................................... 40 4.5 本章小结............................................................................................................... 41 5 工业性试验工业性试验 ............................................................................................................. 42 5.1 工程概况............................................................................................................... 42 5.2 现场施工方案....................................................................................................... 44 万方数据 V 5.3 矿压观测及应用效果分析................................................................................... 46 5.4 本章小结............................................................................................................... 47 6 主要结论主要结论 ................................................................................................................. 48 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 50 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 54 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 55 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 55 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables .............................................................................................................. XI List of Variables........................................................................................................ XII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objective and Significance ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad ...................................................................... 1 1.3 Problems .................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 Research Contents and Technical Approaches ......................................................... 9 2 Mechanical behavior analysis of thin plate model of hollow roof in layered rectangular tunnel ...................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Establishment of Empty Roof Mechanical Model ................................................. 10 2.2 Solving of Empty Roof Mechanical Model ........................................................... 11 2.3 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 14 3 Evolution Mechanism of Coal Roadway’s Self-Stabilization .............................. 15 3.1 Numerical Simulation Research ............................................................................ 15 3.2 Influence of Empty-Support Distance to Surrounding Rock Stability .................. 17 3.3 Influence of Roadway Depth on Stability of Surrounding Rock in Empty Roof Area .............................................................................................................................. 26 3.4 Influence of Tectonic Stress on Stability of Surrounding Rock in Empty Roof Area ...................................................................................................................................... 28 3.5 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 30 4 Optimization of Coal Roadway’s Rapid Excavation Construction Scheme ...... 31 4.1 Optimization of Coal Roadway’s Rapid Excavation support parameter ............... 31 4.2 Optimization of Empty-Support Distance of Rapid Driving ................................. 34 4.3 Optimization of Coal Roadway’s Rapid Excavation Construction Technology .... 34 4.4 Optimization effect uation ............................................................................... 40 4.5 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 41 5 Industrial Test ......................................................................................................... 42 万方数据 VII 5.1 Engineering Situation............................................................................................. 42 5.2 Construction Scheme . ........................................................................................... 44 5.3 Mineral Pressure Observation and Analysis of Application Effect ....................... 46 5.4 Brief Summary ....................................................................................................... 47 6 Conclusions .............................................................................................................. 48 References ................................................................................................................... 50 Author’s Resume ........................................................................................................ 54 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................. 55 Thesis Date Collection ............................................................................................... 55 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 机载式锚杆钻装机结构示意图 5 Figure 1-1 Design of Airborne Bolt Drilling Machine 5 图 1-2 技术路线图 9 Figure 1-2 Technical roadmap