福建寿山石矿床的矿物学研究和成因分析.doc

福建寿山石矿床的矿物学研究和成因分析 【中文摘要】寿山石是一种以粘土矿物为主要成分的用于工艺美术雕刻、印章篆刻的玉石,因主要产于福建省寿山而得名。本文在野外地质调查的基础上,通过肉眼、偏光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜SEM观察以及现代先进仪器分析,对寿山石矿床的地质特征和矿物学特征进行了具体研究,分析了矿床的成因,取得了以下主要成果。1寿山石矿床的含矿围岩以流纹质晶屑凝灰熔岩和流纹质晶屑凝灰岩为主。2寿山石原生矿石可分为迪开石型、高岭石型、叶蜡石型和伊利石型四种主要类型。3寿山石矿石的结构主要有显微隐晶结构、显微微晶结构、显微板片状结构;矿物颗粒形态主要为假六方板状、不规则片板状及叠瓦状;后期形成的褐铁矿沿矿物粒间、微裂隙呈斑点状、浸染状分布,使玉石局部呈现不同程度的红色或褐紫色团块状或斑块状,进步了玉石的经济和美学价值。4样品中的高岭石和迪开石有序度较高,表明它们是由低温热液结晶形成的。5四种矿石类型寿山石在矿石热失重值、脱羟基吸热谷温度值及峰形、放热峰温度值等方面具有明显的差异,分别显示出迪开石、高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石的特点。6寿山石的矿化硅质来源于矿区热液蚀变的流纹质晶屑凝灰熔岩和流纹质晶屑凝灰岩;成矿热液主要来源于大气降水,矿床形成于低温100～150℃和还原环境。7寿山石的矿床成因类型主要为火山热液型矿床,也有部分外生风化沉积型矿床如田黄石,成矿作用具有多阶段的特点。; 【Abstract】 Named as“Shoushanshi”in Chinese owing to its occurrence only in the Shoushan area of Fujian Province, East China, agalmatolite is a kind of famous jade consisting mainly of clay minerals and used to make handiworks by carving and signets by seal cutting. A detailed study has been carried out on the geological and mineralogical characteristics of the agalmatolite deposits in Fujian Province through field geological investigation, naked eye, micropolariscope and scanning electronic microscope observation, and advanced devices analysis. Based on this study, a discussion has been made on the genesis of the deposits.The following are major achievements obtained in this thesis.1 The agalmatolite deposits in Fujian Province are mainly hosted in the surrounding rocks of rhyolitic crystal tuff lava and rhyolitic crystal tuff.2 The primary agalmatolite ores can be divided into four main types including dickite, kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite ones.3 Microcryptocrystalline, platy and microcrystalline structures are generally observed in the ores. Agalmatolite grains usually occur as pseudohexagonal platy, irregular sheet and imbricate. The distribution of deuterogenic limonite grains in space among other minerals or along tiny cracks as spot or disseminated spot results in the occurrence of some areas of agalmatolite as red or brown purple lumps or patches, leading to increase their economic and aesthetic value.4 Kaolinite and dickite from our samples have high degree of order, which supports their ation through crystallization of hydrothermal fluid at low temperature.5 The four types of agalmatolite ores have obviously different loss weight value, temperature range and pattern of dehydroxy endothermic valley, and temperature range of exothermic peak, indicating that their major component is dickite, kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite, respectively.6 Silicon material for agalmatolite mineralization is from hydrothermally altered rhyolitic crystal tuff lava and rhyolitic crystal tuff. The hydrothermal fluid for mineralization is mainly from atmospheric water. The mineralogical and isotopic data are consistent with ation of the ore deposits in a reducing environment and at low temperature of 100～150℃.7 In view of genetic type, the agalmatolite deposits are mainly volcanic hydrothermal deposit, and rarely weathering and sedimentary deposit. All of the data support multiple stages of mineralization for the ation of the deposits.