ASME MFC-3M-2004 用孔板、喷咀和文杜利流量计测量管道中的流体流量.pdf

AN AM E R IC AN NAT IO NAL STANDARD Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes Using Orifice, Nozzle, and Venturi ASME MFC-3M-2004 [Revision of ASME MFC-3M-1989 R1995] ASME MFC-3M–2004 [Revision of ASME MFC-3M–1989 R1995] Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes Using Orifice, Nozzle, and Venturi Three Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 Date of Issuance August 15, 2005 The 2004 edition of this Standard is being issued with an automatic addenda subscription service. The use of addenda allows revisions made in response to public review comments or committee actions to be published as necessary. This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Standard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at http//www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Stan- dards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from com- petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made avail- able for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringe- ment of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representatives or persons affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as gov- ernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. No part of this document may be reproduced in any , in an electronic retri system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 2005 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi Correspondence With the MFC Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii Part 1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1-1Scope and Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1-2References and Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1-3Symbols and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1-4Principles of the of Measurement and Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1-5General Requirements for Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 1-6Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1-7Uncertainties in the Measurement of Flow Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Figure 1-1“Triple-T” Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Table 1-1Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Nonmandatory Appendices 1AIterative Computations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 1BExamples of Values of Pipe Wall Uni Equivalent Roughness, k . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 1CFlow Conditioners and Flow Straighteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Part 2 Orifice Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 2-1Scope and Field of Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 2-2References and Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 2-3Principles of the of Measurement and Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 2-4Orifice Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 2-5Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Figures 2-1Standard Orifice Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 2-2Orifice Plate Flatness Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 2-3Spacing of Pressure Taps for Orifice Plates with D and D/2 Pressure Taps or Flange Taps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 2-4Corner Taps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 2-5Layout Including a Full Bore Valve for 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 2-6Examples of Acceptable Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 2-719-Tube Bundle Flow Straightener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 2-8Examples of Installations With a 19-Tube Bundle Flow Straightener Downstream of a Single Bend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 2-9Zanker Flow Conditioner Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Tables 2-1Maximum Value of 104Ra/D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 2-2Minimum Value of 104Ra/D When Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 2-3Required Straight Lengths Between Orifice Plates and Fittings Without Flow Conditioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 iii 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 w w w . b z f x w . c o m 2-4Permitted Range of Straight Lengths Between Orifice Plate and 19-Tube Bundle Flow Straightener 1998 Downstream of Fittings Located at Distance, Lf, From the Orifice Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Nonmandatory Appendix 2ATables of Discharge Coefficients and Expansibility Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Part 3 Nozzles and Venturi Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 3-1Scope and Field of Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 3-2References and Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 3-3Principles of the of Measurement and Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 3-4Nozzles and Venturi Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 3-5Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Figures 3-1ISA 1932 Nozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 3-2Long Radius Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 3-3Venturi Nozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 3-4Venturi Nozzle, Pressure Taps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 3-5Pressure Loss Across a Venturi Nozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 3-6Layout Including a Full Bore Valve for 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 3-7Examples of Acceptable Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Tables 3-1Upper Limits of Relative Roughness of the Upstream Pipe for ISA 1932 Nozzles . . .52 3-2Upper Limits of Relative Roughness of the Upstream Pipe for Venturi Nozzles . . . .58 3-3Required Straight Lengths for Nozzles and Venturi Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Nonmandatory Appendix 3ATables of Discharge Coefficients and Expansibility Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 Part 4 Venturi Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 4-1Scope and Field of Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 4-2References and Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 4-3Principles of the of Measurement and Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 4-4ASME Venturi Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69 4-5Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74 Figures 4-1Geometric Profile of the ASME Venturi Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 4-2Pressure Loss Across an ASME Venturi Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74 4-3Layout Including a Full Bore Valve for 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 4-4Examples of Acceptable Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 Table 4-1Required Straight Lengths for Classical Venturi Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 Nonmandatory Appendices 4ATables of Expansibility Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 4BASME Venturi Meters Used Outside the Scope of MFC-3M–2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 4CPressure Loss in ASME Venturi Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82 iv w w w . b z f x w . c o m FOREWORD The purpose of this Standard is to provide guidance and recommendations in the applications of fluid flow in pipes using orifice, nozzle, and venturi meters. This Standard was prepared by MFC Subcommittee 2 of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Standards Committee on Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits. As of the publication of this Standard, differential producers are the single most-used of full-pipe flow measurement in the United States and worldwide. By utilizing simple physical laws, differential-producing flow meters are capable of providing reliable flow measurement within established uncertainty bands. The first edition of this Standard was approved by the ASME MFC Standards Committee in 1985. The MFC Standards Committee approved the second edition of this Standard in 1989, and reaffirmed it in 1995. This revision, approved by the MFC Standards Committee in 2004, includes extensive changes to content and at from the MFC-3M–1989 R1995 edition. Given the global nature of the flow measurement market, this Standard is as consistent and technically equivalent with ISO 5167 as practical. There are, however, technical and editorial dif- ferences made in consideration of recent technical insights and operational practices common in the United States. This Standard provides ination in both SI metric units and U.S. Customary units. For reference, U.S. Customary units are shown in parentheses. Suggestions for improvement to this Standard are welcome. They should be sent to Secretary, ASME MFC Standards Committee, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10016-5990. This edition of the Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on April 30, 2004. v 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 w w w . b z f x w . c o m ASME MFC COMMITTEE Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard. OFFICERS Z. D. Husain, Chair R. J. DeBoom, Vice Chair R. L. Crane, Secretary COMMITTEE PERSONNEL C. J. Blechinger, Consultant R. W. Caron, Visteon Corp. G. P. Corpron, Consultant R. L. Crane, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers R. J. DeBoom, Consultant P. G. Espina, Controlotron Corp. D. Faber, Badger Meter, Inc. R. H. Fritz, Lonestar Measurement F. D. Goodson, Emerson Process Z. D. Husain, Chevron Texaco E. H. Jones, Jr., Alternate, Chevron Petroleum Technologies C. G. Langford, Cullen G. Langford, Inc. W. M. Mattar, Invensys / Foxboro Co. G. E. Mattingly, National Institute of Standards and Technology D. R. Mesnard, FMC Measurement Solutions R. W. Miller, R. W. Miller and Associates, Inc. A. M. Quraishi, American Gas Association B. K. Rao, Consultant W. F. Seidl, Colorado Engineering Experiment Station, Inc. T. M. Kegel, Alternate, Colorado Engineering Experiment Station, Inc. D. W. Spitzer, Copperhill and Pointer, Inc. R. N. Steven, McCrometer D. H. Strobel, Consultant J. H. Vignos, Consultant D. E. Wiklund, Rosemount, Inc. D. C. Wyatt, Wyatt Engineering and Design SUBCOMMITTEE 3PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL DEVICES D. C. Wyatt, Chair, Wyatt Engineering R. L. Crane, Secretary, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers R. M. Bough, Allison Engine Co. R. H. Fritz, Lonestar Measurement F. G. Goodson, Emerson Process Z. D. Husain, Chevron Texaco M. P. McHale, McHale and Associates Inc. R. J. W. Peters, McCrometer A. M. Quraishi, American Gas Association W. F. Seidl, Colorado Engineering D. W. Spitzer, Copperhill and Pointer, Inc. R. N. Steven, McCrometer J. W. Stuart, Stuart Gas Measurement Consulting S. H. Taha, Experflow Measurement, Inc. D. E. Wiklund,