燃气汽车发动机技术.ppt

燃气汽车发动机技术AutomotiveNaturalGasEngineTechnology,康明斯公司北京办事处CumminsCorporationBeijingBranch东亚区工程技术总监Director-EngineeringTechnologyEastAsia闵佟MinTong2006.7.13,Agenda目录,康明斯西港的产品CWIWorldwideProducts市场进展MarketEvolution技术发展TechnologyEvolution小结Summary,作为世界领先的清洁气体燃料发动机的供应商向所有客车和卡车用户提供最经济的解决方案Tobetheworld’sleadingproviderofcleangaseousfueledenginesthatdeliverthemosteconomicsolutionforallbusandtruckcustomers.,我们的目标OurVision,市场和应用MarketsandApplications,主要市场KeyMarkets美国,加拿大,英国,法国,奥地利,澳大利亚US,Canada,UK,France,Austria,Australia中国北京,西安,乌鲁木齐,成都,重庆,西宁,上海,菲律宾,印度,埃及,拉丁美洲China,Philippines,India,Egypt,LatinAmerica俄罗斯,捷克Russia,CzechRepublic应用Applications公交客车,穿梭接送客车,垃圾运输车TransitBuses,ShuttleBuses,Refusetrucks另担运输车,清扫车,压缩天然气运输车DeliveryTrucks,StreetSweepers,CNGHaultrucks,发动机累计销售CumulativeEngineSales,其中2600台在中国2600inChina,市场进展MarketEvolution,产品发展ProductEvolution,L10G燃气发动机L10Ggasengine第一台闭环电控的B系列发动机1stclosedloopelectroniccontrolLBengineC8.3G投产LaunchC8.3G增强型技术PlusTechnology增强型B燃气发动机BGasPlus增强型B液化石油气发动机BLPGPlus增强型L系列燃气发动机LGasPlusISLG,1989B5.9G19951996CGasPlus20012002200320042007,康明斯西港产品系列产品CWIProductLine,,,,,,,,,,,,450,650,850,1050,1250,150,200,250,300,350,400,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,扭矩Torque,功率Horsepower,LGasPlus,CGasPlus,BGasPlus,,,,,BLPGPlus,,5.9Litre8.3Litre8.9Litre195–230hp250-280hp320hp420–500lb-ft750–850lb-ft1000lb-ft1.8NOxNMHC1.8NOxNMHC1.5NOxNMHC0.01PM0.01PM0.01PM,宽广的产品系列BroadestProductLineToday,美国的排放法规EmissionsRegulations,*,*AverageNOxvalueduring3yearphase-inperiod,,,UrbanBus,,硫含量,颗粒物,氧化氮非甲烷碳氢,城市客车,Today’sDieselandNGEngineEmissions,,,,,,,,,,,0.00,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10,0.12,0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,氮氧化物NOxg/bhp-hr,颗粒物PMg/bhp-hr,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,SourceDOE1/28/03,目前,柴油机和天然气发动机排放比较ComparisononEmissionsbetweenDieselGasEngine,天然气发动机可以降低城市噪音污染GasEnginewillreducenoiselevelinthecity,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,50.0,,70.0,,90.0,PeakTorque,FullLoad,LowIdle,NoLoad,,EngineTestMode,,,,Dieselbusengine,,,CGasPlus,Naturalgasis11.8,decibelsquieteratidle,Naturalgasis6.1,decibelsquieterat,peaktorqueandload,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,50.0,,70.0,,90.0,PeakTorque,FullLoad,LowIdle,NoLoad,,EngineTestMode,DecibelsdBA,,,柴油车,,,CG天然气车,Naturalgasis11.8,decibelsquieteratidle,Naturalgasis6.1,decibelsquieterat,peaktorqueandload,天然气发动机低噪音优势已被承认一部柴油机产生的噪音相当于十部天然气发动机的噪音总和,最大扭矩,全负荷,低怠速,无负荷,天然气发动机低6.1分贝,天然气发动机低11.8分贝,随着排放的降低柴油汽车的运营成本会上升而燃气汽车成本保持相对平稳Directionallydieselpoweredvehiclecostsarerisingwithdecreasingemissions,whilenaturalgasvehiclecostsareremainingrelativelyflat历史上在美国天然气成本按能量等效相比,较柴油燃料低25HistoricallynaturalgasintheUShascost25lessthandieselfuelonagallonequivalentbasis燃料成本上的节约可能是相当大的,特别是高燃耗的应用如城市公交和垃圾收集车Fuelcostsavingscanbesignificant,especiallyinhighfueluseapplicationsliketransitbusandrefusecollection当燃料成本和安装成本之和有利于燃气汽车的市场上,可以给用户提供最低的生命周期成本.Canoffercustomerslowestlifecyclecostinmarketswherecombinedfuelcostsandtotalvehicleinstalledcostfavorsnaturalgasoverdieselfuel,生命周期成本LifeCycleCosts,天然气与柴油发动机主要特性的比较KeyCharacteristics-NaturalGasvsDiesel,0.2gNOx,过度到氢燃料的途径PathwaytoHydrogen,50NOxReduction,,,,以氢为燃料的燃料电池驱动的客车现在还在演示阶段Hydrogenfuelcellpoweredbusesareindemonstrationtoday掺氢可以减少NOx排放HydrogenblendscanachievereducedNOx康明斯西港发动机现正在演示加氢天然气运营CWIenginesareindemonstrationtodaywithhydrogenblendednaturalgas20hydrogenbyvolume,技术发展TechnologyEvolution,天然气发动机技术NaturalGasTechnology,八十年代后期车用发动机采用理想化学配比和稀燃两种火花点火技术Inthelate80s,automotiveenginesutilizedbothStoicandLeanBurnsparkignitedtechnologies,过量空气系数,排放,化学配比燃烧,稀燃,稀薄燃烧界限LeanBurnCombustionLimits,,,Air/FuelRatio空/燃比,,,,,,LeanMisfireLimit过稀失火界限,,,,DetonationLimit爆震界限,,,,,,,,,BMEP,,ThermalLimit热负荷界限,,RichMisfireLimit过浓失火界限,,,,,Stoichiometric化学配比,闭环稀燃,开环稀燃,化学配比,,,平均有效压力,稀燃技术LeanBurnTechnology,对于中载和重型车市场而言稀燃显现为较合适的技术LeanBurntechnologyemergedastheappropriatetechnologyforthemedium/heavydutyautomotivemarkets-燃料经济性Fuelefficiency-功率和扭矩PowerTorque-可靠性/耐久性Reliability/durability-放热Heatrejection第一代产品使用固定动力应用中的现成子系统The1stgenerationenginesutilizedavailablesubsystemsfromthestationaryapplicationengines燃料系统Fuelsystem-点火系统Ignitionsystem节气阀控制Throttlecontrol这些设计的问题是随环境及应用的变动性和敏感性Thesedesignssufferedfromvariabilityandsensitivitiestoboththeenvironmentandapplication,现行的产品技术CurrentProductTechnology,第二代产品出现于九十年代中期体现为使用电子控制已及专为汽车应用设计的子系统2ndGenerationenginesemergedinthemid90sandutilizedelectroniccontrolswithsubsystemsdesignedfortheautomotiveapplications减少变动Reducedvariability集成设计Integrateddesign降低成本Lowercost提高可靠性Improvedreliability从2001年康明斯西港推出第三代”增强型”技术发动机CWIintroducedthe3rdGenerationPLUStechnologystarting2001更多的集成Moreintegration更能适应环境Robustagainsttheenvironment对应用不敏感Insensitivetoapplication更宽的燃气成份适应能力Widefuelcompositioncapability强调可靠性Emphasisonreliability故障诊断Troubleshooting/diagnostics,2007L系列产品ISLG‘07,2007年产品’07Product理想化学配比燃烧Soich.Combustion冷却的废气再循环CEGR三效催化剂3-waycatalyst电控Electroniccontrols空-空增压中冷Turbocharged,CAC,汽车排放AutomotiveEmissions,,,现有产品CurrentProducts,,2007年产品‘07Product,,,早期产品EarlyProducts,,颗粒物,氧化氮非甲烷碳氢,理想化学配比的燃烧允许使用三效催化剂Stoichiometriccombustionallowsuseof3-waycatalyst可满足EPA2010年及以后的法规CanmeetEPA2010andbeyond催化剂技术已由轿车工业所证明Provencatalysttechnologyfrompassengercarindustry可望能满足2010年EPA法规并具有可与柴油机相比的生命周期成本ExpectthetechnologytodeliverEPA2010emissionsandcompetitiveLCCwithdiesel较低的二氧化碳排放LowerCO2emission冷却的废气再循环CooledEGR高扭矩Hightorque高效率Highefficiency可靠性/耐久性Reliability/Durability康明斯柴油机零件通用Cumminsdieselparts,用于ISLG系列的技术ISLGTechnology,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,ChargeAirCooler,EGRValve,FuelEGRMixing,EGR-Cooler,Turbo,TWC,,NaturalGas,Throttle,CrankcaseBreather,ISLG示意图ISLGSchematic,燃料与EGR混合器,天然气,节气阀,空–空增压中冷器,曲轴箱通风,EGR阀,增压器,EGR冷却器,三效催化器,小结Summary,天然气发动机已经并将继续在降低排放方面领先Naturalgasengineshaveprovidedandwillcontinuetoprovideemissionsleadership天然气发动机技术的持续发展将提供优良的性能,效率,可靠性和生命周期成本等优越性.Naturalgasenginetechnologycontinuestoevolve,providingsuperiorperance,efficiency,reliability,andLCCadvantages为了改善大气质量和合理利用能源在积极的政策鼓励和资助下大量采用天然气发动机汽车是可能的Significantmarketadoptionofnaturalgasenginespoweredvehicleispossiblethroughprogressivepolicyandfundingsupport天然气发动机可被看成向氢燃料过度的途径之一NaturalgasenginesareconsideredasapathwaytoHydrogen,,谢谢Thankyou,,