综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式及防治技术研究(1).pdf

分类号分类号TD32TD32TD32TD32密密级级 公公 开开 U D CU D C 单位代码单位代码 10424104241042410424 学学 位位 论论 文文 综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式 及防治技术研究及防治技术研究及防治技术研究及防治技术研究 乔乔 鹏鹏 聪聪 申请学位级别申请学位级别硕士学位硕士学位专业专业名名称称采矿工程采矿工程 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名吴吴 士士 良良职职称称教教授授 山山 东东 科科 技技 大大 学学 二零一二年六月二零一二年六月 论文题目论文题目论文题目论文题目 综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式及综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式及综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式及综放工作面顶板灾变运动形式及 防治技术研究防治技术研究防治技术研究防治技术研究 作者姓名作者姓名作者姓名作者姓名 乔乔 鹏鹏 聪聪入学时间入学时间入学时间入学时间 2 2 2 20 0 0 009090909 年年 9 9 9 9 月月 领域名称领域名称领域名称领域名称 采矿工程采矿工程研究方向研究方向研究方向研究方向矿山压力与岩层控制矿山压力与岩层控制 指导教师指导教师指导教师指导教师 吴吴 士士 良良职职职职称称称称教教授授 论文提交日期论文提交日期论文提交日期论文提交日期2012201220122012 年年 6 6 6 6 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期论文答辩日期论文答辩日期2012201220122012 年年 6 6 6 6 月月 授予学位日期授予学位日期授予学位日期授予学位日期2012201220122012 年年 6 6 6 6 月月 RESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCH OFOFOFOFFULLYFULLYFULLYFULLYMECHANIZEDMECHANIZEDMECHANIZEDMECHANIZED CAVINGCAVINGCAVINGCAVING FACEFACEFACEFACE ROOFROOFROOFROOF DISASTERDISASTERDISASTERDISASTER MOVEMENTMOVEMENTMOVEMENTMOVEMENT SSSSANDANDANDAND PREVENTIONPREVENTIONPREVENTIONPREVENTION TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY A A A ADissertationDissertationDissertationDissertationtedtedtedted inininin fulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillment ofofofof thethethethe requirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirements ofofofof thethethethe degreedegreedegreedegree ofofofof MASTERMASTERMASTERMASTER OFOFOFOFPHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHY fromfromfromfrom ShandongShandongShandongShandong UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity ofofofof ScienceScienceScienceScience andandandand TechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnology b b b by y y y QiaoQiaoQiaoQiao PengcongPengcongPengcongPengcong SupervisorSupervisorSupervisorSupervisor ProfessorProfessorProfessorProfessorWuWuWuWu S S S Shihihihiliangliangliangliang CollegeCollegeCollegeCollege ofofofof NaturalNaturalNaturalNatural ResourcesResourcesResourcesResources andandandand EnvironmentalEnvironmentalEnvironmentalEnvironmental EngineeringEngineeringEngineeringEngineering MayMayMayMay 2012201220122012 声声明明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文，除了所列参考文献和世所公认 的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于其它 任何学术机关作鉴定。 硕士生签名 日期 AFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATION I I I I declaredeclaredeclaredeclare thatthatthatthat thisthisthisthis dissertation,dissertation,dissertation,dissertation, tedtedtedted inininin fulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillment ofofofof thethethethe requirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirements forforforfor thethethethe awardawardawardaward ofofofof MasterMasterMasterMaster ofofofof EngineeringEngineeringEngineeringEngineering inininin ShandongShandongShandongShandong UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity ofofofof ScienceScienceScienceScience andandandand Technology,Technology,Technology,Technology, is is is is whollywhollywhollywholly mymymymy ownownownown workworkworkwork unlessunlessunlessunless referencedreferencedreferencedreferenced ofofofof acknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge. 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SignatureSignatureSignatureSignature DateDateDateDate 山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 摘摘要要 酸刺沟 6 上105-2 工作面在初采阶段曾发生顶板灾变运动，主要表现为采空区飓风和 工作面压架两种破坏形式，给工作面安全高效生产提出了挑战。 工作面顶板结构复杂，多为砂岩、泥质胶结、整体强度中硬偏软。工作面地质条件 和生产条件是顶板灾变运动形成的根源，首先，采空区飓风事故的形成是工作面直接顶 大面积整体垮落的结果，其中，工作面顶煤在支架前立柱后方约 800mm 超前冒落， 直 接顶 （含砾粗砂岩） 抗拉强度 4.823MPa， 呈现半厚上位直接顶悬顶结构， 其厚度 Z M10m， 以周期性垮落的运动形式为主， 当工作面顶煤过分放出时， 仍会以整层厚度在切顶线后 整体垮落，这也是采空区飓风事故形成的主要原因，老顶运动以周期性断裂运动为主。 采用深孔预裂爆破提高采空区充填率防止采空区飓风事故，放顶孔垂深不小于 25m。 经过分析认为，工作面压架事故的直接原因是支架工作阻力的不足。从顶板运动方 面讲，主要是老顶周期性断裂回转空间大造成的。支架在“给定变形”及“限定变形” 条件下，仍有压死支架危险。综上所述，必须从改变支架工作状态和提高采空区充填率 等 2 方面入手，提出并实施了支架“限定变形”工作状态“采空区留顶煤间隔煤垛” 2 项主导技术。其中预留采空区顶煤煤垛技术有“采空区留交错条形间隔煤垛”技术，在 该技术基础上经过实践优化，提出了“全工作面一线双十架放煤”技术。经过实践，所 留煤垛较好的控制了工作面顶板下沉量，实测来压时工作面顶板下沉量一般不超过 150mm，避免了顶板冲击和压死支架情形。 关键词关键词灾变运动，采空区飓风，压架，机理，防治措施 山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 AbstractAbstractAbstractAbstract Roof disaster movement has occurred in the initial mining stage of Sucigou coalmine 6上 105-2 working face, along with two kinds of power failure s of the goaf hurricanes and face support-pressed.This offers challenges to the safe and efficient production of face. Roof structure is complex, mostly sandstone, shale cementation, the overall strength is hard-soft. Face geological conditions and production conditions is the source of roof disaster movement. First of all, goaf hurricane accident is the result of comprehensive motion of immediate roof and main roof .Wherein, top coal caves at approximately 800mm of the rear of the bracket before- leg. Immediate roof pebbly coarse sandstone tensile strength is 4.823Mpa. Upper immediate roof is presenting on hanging arch structure of half –thickness. Its thickness Z M10m, with rcise of periodic caving. When top coal is released excessivly. the layer will cave at the collapse line as a whole. which is also the main ation reasons of goaf hurricane accident . Main roof roughly Cracks with periodic fracture movement. Using deep hole presplite-blasting to improve goaf filling rate can prevente goaf hurricane accident.The vertical depth of caving hole is less than 25m . After analysis, The ation of face support-pressed accident has one factor. It is the large rotary of main roof. Supports work in “given deation” and “limit deation”state, there is still risk of Supports crushed. In summary, we must start from two aspects of changing support working state and improving goaf filling rate. So,we propose and implemente two leading technologies of “limit deation working state” “remaining interval top coal pile in goaf ”.In which, the technology of remaining interval top-coal pile in goaf is “remaining staggered strip interval top-coal pile in goaf ”. On the basis of the technology, according to practical optimization, putting forward technology of “full-face front-line double ten coal Caving” .Through practice, the remaining Coal piles control roof subsidence better. Measured roof subsidence is generally not more than 150mm, avoiding the situation of roof impacting and crushding the supports. KeywordsKeywordsKeywordsKeywords disaster movement, goaf hurricane, support-pressed, mechanism, prevention measures 山东科技大学硕士学位论文目录 目目录录 1 1 1 1 绪论绪论绪论绪论1 1 1 1 1.1 课题的提出及研究意义1 1.2 国内外研究现状2 1.3 主要研究内容和方法7 2 2 2 2 顶板灾变运动的形式和机理顶板灾变运动的形式和机理顶板灾变运动的形式和机理顶板灾变运动的形式和机理9 9 9 9 2.1 灾变运动形式 9 2.2 顶板灾变运动案例剖析10 2.3 顶板灾变运动形成机理13 2.4 本章小结 18 3 3 3 3 综放面顶板运动引起的飓风及其防治技术综放面顶板运动引起的飓风及其防治技术综放面顶板运动引起的飓风及其防治技术综放面顶板运动引起的飓风及其防治技术19191919 3.1 采空区飓风事故概述19 3.2 工作面覆岩结构及强度探测 23 3.3 工作面顶板结构及运动形式 27 3.4 顶板弱化预裂深孔爆破技术 41 3.5 本章小结 46 4 4 4 4 综放面压架事故及其防治技术综放面压架事故及其防治技术综放面压架事故及其防治技术综放面压架事故及其防治技术47474747 4.1 顶板压架事故概述47 4.2 顶板运动的压力显现48 4.3 支架工作状态与岩梁位态控制51 4.4 采空区预留顶煤煤垛及配套技术54 4.5 本章小结 59 5 5 5 5 主要结论及展望主要结论及展望主要结论及展望主要结论及展望60606060 致致谢谢 62626262 参考文献参考文献参考文献参考文献63636363 攻读硕士期间的主要研究成果攻读硕士期间的主要研究成果攻读硕士期间的主要研究成果攻读硕士期间的主要研究成果67676767 山东科技大学硕士学位论文目录 ContentsContentsContentsContents 1 1 1 1 IntrouctionIntrouctionIntrouctionIntrouction1 1 1 1 1.1 The Raise and Research Significance of Issue1 1.2 Research Status 2 1.3 Main Research Contents and s7 2 2 2 2 F F F sormsormsorms a a a andndndnd MechanismMechanismMechanismMechanism o o o of f f f RoofRoofRoofRoof DisasterDisasterDisasterDisaster MovementMovementMovementMovement9 9 9 9 2.1 s of Roof Disaster Movement9 2.2Analysis of Roof Disaster Movement Cases10 2.3 Mechanism of Roof Disaster Movement13 2.4 Chapter Summary18 3 3 3 3 H H H Hurricaneurricaneurricaneurricane CausedCausedCausedCaused b b b by y y y RoofRoofRoofRoof MovementMovementMovementMovement a a a andndndnd ControlControlControlControlTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnology19191919 3.1 Overview of Goaf HurricaneAccidents19 3.2 Structure and Strength of Overlying Strata23 3.3 Structure and Movement of Roof27 3.4 Roof Pre-Split Weaken Hole Blasting Technique41 3.5 Chapter Summary46 4 4 4 4 SupportSupportSupportSupport-Pressed-Pressed-Pressed-PressedAccidentsAccidentsAccidentsAccidents a a a andndndnd ControlControlControlControlTechnologyTechnologyTechnology