一侧采空条件下隔离注浆充填减沉效果影响因素研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 一侧采空条件下隔离注浆充填减沉效果影 响因素研究 Study on the Influence Factors of the Effect of the Isolation Grouting on the Side of the Goaf 作 者甘满光 导 师许家林 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一七年五月 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51604258） 江苏省自然科学基金资助项目（BK20150194） 万方数据 中图分类号 TD325 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 一侧采空条件下隔离注浆充填减沉效果影响因 素研究 Study on the Influence Factors of the Effect of the Isolation Grouting on the Side of the Goaf 作 者 甘满光 导 师 许家林 申请学位 工学硕士学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 绿色开采 答辩委员会主席 谢耀社 评 阅 人 朱卫兵、董祥林 二○一七年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明 学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 致 谢 致 谢 岁月如梭，韶光易逝，三年的硕士研究生活即将结束。很荣幸在这个学风优 良，治学严谨的岩层移动与绿色开采课题组度过了美好的求学时光。值此毕业之 际，我谨向所有关心、爱护、帮助过我的人致以最诚挚的感谢与最美好的祝愿。 首先，我要深深感谢我的导师许家林教授。本论文从选题、模拟研究到写作 完成，每一步都凝聚着许老师的心血与汗水。许老师以他渊博的学识，严谨的治 学态度，精益求精的工作作风深深影响着我，是我今后学习的榜样。许老师不仅 在学业上给我指导，生活上也给予了我无微不至的关怀，在此我向我的导师许家 林教授表示深切的谢意和崇高的敬意 在论文完成的过程中，本人有幸得到课题组诸位老师的指导与帮助，感谢朱 卫兵副教授、胡国忠副教授、谢建林老师、陈大勇老师、鞠金峰老师、秦伟老师、 王晓振老师的指导，他们在模拟方案的设计、模拟数据的分析处理和写作过程中 都提出了很多宝贵意见，让论文得到不断完善。对于他们的帮助，我铭记于心 感谢轩大洋老师、 王秉龙博士和何昌春博士教会我分析问题的方法和处理数 据的技巧，以及在研究方向上对我的积极引导，尤其是在我硕士论文撰写期间给 予的关切和帮助，在此非常感谢 感谢滕浩、李竹、韩红凯等博士，邱平、胡楠、刘传振、徐敬民、朱怡然、 张亮、白东尧、季英明等硕士在论文撰写中给予的极大帮助，在此衷心的感谢他 们 父母的期望和鼓励是我前进的最大动力，可怜天下父母心，他们尽最大努力 让我专注于科研，让我放手去追寻自己的梦想。感谢父母在我求学生涯中给予我 无微不至的关怀和照顾，你们永远是我最坚强的后盾，同时感谢所有亲人、朋友 给予我的帮助和鼓励，是你们的理解和支持让我走的更远。 衷心地感谢各位专家、教授在百忙之中评审本文，由于作者水平有限，文中 定有许多疏漏和不足之处，热切希望得到批评、指正 甘满光 二○一七年五月 万方数据 I 摘 要 摘 要 采动覆岩隔离注浆充填技术通过留设一定宽度的隔离煤柱，在工作面上覆 离层空间高压注浆充填使工作面中部形成一定宽度的注浆充填压实区， 构成 “充 填压实区隔离煤柱关键层”联合承载结构对上覆岩层进行支撑，从而有效 控制地表沉陷。对于一侧采空条件下的注浆充填减沉效果研究较少，即开采第 1 个工作面不实施注浆充填而开采后续相邻工作面时实施注浆充填。本论文将 针对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果的影响因素进行分析。 论文以数值模拟为主要研究方法，从隔离煤柱、关键层特性、工作面采宽 三个方面对一侧采空条件下的注浆充填减沉效果进行了研究，主要结论如下。 研究了隔离煤柱对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果的影响。工作面间不 留设煤柱或留设的煤柱宽度过小会导致浆液往相邻已采工作面上覆离层空间发 生流动，影响注浆效果。留设一定宽度的隔离煤柱可以阻隔充填浆液往相邻已 采工作面上覆同一层位离层空间发生流动，充填浆液在密闭空间支撑工作面上 覆关键层，使其不发生破断。据此研究了一侧采空条件下隔离煤柱稳定性评估 方法。模拟与理论计算结果表明，在一侧采空条件下所需的最小隔离煤柱宽度 应不小于 2030m。 研究了关键层赋存特征对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果的影响。无论 工作面之间是否留设煤柱，工作面覆岩存在典型关键层时，一侧采空条件下注 浆充填后的累计地表下沉小于工作面覆岩无典型关键层时的累积地表下沉。其 主要原因是第一个非注浆充填工作面开采时关键层未破断，在其下方出现一定 体积的离层空间， “吸收”了一定高度的开采空间，可阻隔一部分下沉从采空区 往地表的传递；而工作面覆岩无典型关键层时，由于岩层间产生的下沉挠曲相 差较小，工作面覆岩离层空间较小，下沉可从采空区传递到地表，在地表产生 较大下沉。但需要指出的是，无论覆岩是否存在典型关键层，在相同注采比条 件下，后续注浆充填工作面开采时地表新增下沉并无明显差别。 研究了采宽对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果的影响。注采比 52条件 下，地表新增倾斜变形值随工作面采宽增大而增加，工作面间留设 50m 煤柱时 实施覆岩隔离注浆充填技术的极限采宽是 200m。工作面间无隔离煤柱时，采 宽大于等于 150m 的工作面实施覆岩隔离注浆充填技术，注采比达到 52仍会 使地面建筑物发生损坏。 本论文有图 40 幅，表格 13 个，参考文献 94 篇。 关键词关键词覆岩隔离注浆充填；一侧采空；部分充填；关键层；绿色开采 万方数据 II Abstract Mining overburden rock filling grouting technology isolation through isolated coal pillar width, grouting compaction zone in working face overburden bed separation space filling high pressure grouting work face the central of certain width, constitute “isolated coal pillar filling compaction zone - key layer combined bearing structure of overlying strata of support. In order to effectively control the surface subsidence. There are few researches on the effect of filling grouting in one side of the goaf, that is, when the first working faces are not filled with grouting, the grouting is carried out when the adjacent working face is mined. In this paper, the factors that affect the effect of grouting and reducing settlement under the condition of one side goaf are analyzed. In this paper, the numerical simulation is used as the main research , and the effect of filling and sinking under the condition of one side of goaf is studied from three aspects, which are isolated coal pillar, key stratum characteristic and working face width. The influence of the isolated coal pillar on the effect of filling and sinking under the condition of one side goaf is studied. If the width of the coal pillar is not kept in the working face or the width of the coal pillar is too small, it will result in the flow of the separation space to the adjacent working face, which will affect the grouting effect. Stay isolated coal pillar width can block filling slurry to adjacent overlying the same layer separation space working surface flow, filling slurry in a confined space support face overlying key layer, so it does not break. Based on this, a for uating the stability of isolated coal pillar under the condition of one side goaf is put forward. The results of simulation and theoretical calculation show that the minimum coal pillar width should be not less than 2030m. The influence of the characteristics of the key stratum on the effect of the filling and reducing settlement under the condition of one side goaf is studied. No matter whether there is a coal pillar between the working face, when the typical key stratum exists in the overlying rock, the accumulative surface subsidence after grouting is less than that of the non critical layer when the surface is filled. The main reason is the first non grouting working face mining key layer breaking a certain width in the layer below the key strata, absorb a certain height of mining space, can prevent the part from sinking to the goaf surface transfer; while the working face overlying key layer, 万方数据 III because of strata the sinking deflection is small, make separation less space on the working surface, can transfer from goaf subsidence to the surface subsidence on the surface greatly. However, it should be pointed out that there is no obvious difference between the surface subsidence and the additional settlement of the subsequent grouting filling face in the same injection production ratio. The effect of mining width on the effect of grouting and reducing subsidence under the condition of side mining is studied. Under the condition of injection production ratio 52, the new inclined deation value increases with the increase of the working face width. When the 50m coal pillar is kept between the working faces, the limit mining width of the overlying rock isolation grouting technique is 200m. When there is no isolated coal pillar between the working faces, the working face with a width of mining is greater than or equal to 150m, and the isolated grouting filling technique is applied. The injection production ratio is up to 52, which will still damage the ground buildings. There are 40 figures,13 tables and 94 references in this thesis. Key words overlying rock isolation grouting filling; side goaf; partial filling; key strata; green mining 万方数据 IV 目录 目录 摘 要摘 要 ........................................................................................................................... I 目录目录 ............................................................................................................................ IV 图清单图清单 ..................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单 ........................................................................................................................ XI 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................... XII 1 绪论绪论 ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 问题的提出与研究意义......................................................................................... 1 1.2 文献综述................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 研究内容与研究路线............................................................................................. 7 2 一侧采空条件下影响隔离注浆充填减沉效果的因素分析及模型的建立一侧采空条件下影响隔离注浆充填减沉效果的因素分析及模型的建立 ........... 9 2.1 覆岩隔离注浆充填原理......................................................................................... 9 2.2 隔离注浆充填减沉效果的影响因素分析........................................................... 10 2.3 一侧采空条件下隔离注浆充填模型的建立....................................................... 11 2.4 本章小结............................................................................................................... 14 3 隔离煤柱对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果影响的模拟研究隔离煤柱对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果影响的模拟研究 ..................... 15 3.1 不同隔离煤柱宽度条件下注浆充填的模拟过程及结果................................... 15 3.2 不同隔离煤柱宽度条件下注浆充填效果对比及分析....................................... 17 3.3 不同隔离煤柱宽度条件下煤柱应力及压缩量分析........................................... 21 3.4 煤柱稳定性评价................................................................................................... 23 3.5 本章小结............................................................................................................... 27 4 关键层特性对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果影响的模拟研究关键层特性对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果影响的模拟研究 ................. 28 4.1 留设隔离煤柱条件下有无典型关键层的注浆充填效果研究........................... 28 4.2 不留设隔离煤柱条件下有无典型关键层的注浆充填效果研究....................... 35 4.3 本章小结............................................................................................................... 40 5 采宽对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果影响的模拟研究采宽对一侧采空条件下注浆充填减沉效果影响的模拟研究 ............................. 41 5.1 不同工作面采宽条件下注浆模拟方案研究....................................................... 42 5.2 大采宽条件下不同注采比注浆充填效果及分析............................................... 49 5.3 本章小结............................................................................................................... 58 6 工程应用工程应用 .................................................................................................................. 60 6.1 工作面基本条件及观测线的布置....................................................................... 60 6.2 工程实施效果....................................................................................................... 61 万方数据 V 7 结论及展望结论及展望 .............................................................................................................. 63 7.1 主要结论............................................................................................................... 63 7.2 展望....................................................................................................................... 64 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 65 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 71 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 72 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 73 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................................... II Contents ..................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables .............................................................................................................. XI List of Variables........................................................................................................ XII 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction of the Problem and Research Meaning .............................................. 1 1.2 Literature Review .................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Research Contents and Research s ............................................................. 7 2 Analysis on the Main Factors Affecting the Effect of Isolating Grouting Filling under the Condition of One Side Goaf ....................................................................... 9 2.1 Theory of Grouting Backfill into the Isolated Areas within Overburden ............... 9 2.2 Analysis of Influencing Factors on the Effect of Isolation Grouting .................... 10 2.3 The Establishment of the Model of Isolated Grouting under the Condition of One Side Goaf ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.4 Chapter Conclusion ............................................................................................... 14 3 Simulation Study on the Effect of Isolated Coal Pillar on the Effect of Grouting and Sinking under the Condition of One Side Goaf ............................................... 15 3.1 Simulation and Result of Grouting Filling under Different Width of Coal Pillar . 15 3.2 Comparison and Analysis of Grouting Filling Effect under Different Isolated Coal Pillar Width .................................................................................................................. 17 3.3 Analysis on Stress and Compression of Coal Pillar under Different Width of Coal Pillar ............................................................................................................................. 21 3.4 uation of Pillar Stability ................................................................................. 23 3.5 Chapter Conclusion ............................................................................................... 27 4 Simulation Study on the Influence of Key Layer Characteristics on the Effect of Grouting and Settlement Reduction under the Condition of One Side Goaf .. 28 4.1 Study on the Grouting Filling Scheme of Typical Key Stratum under the Condition of Coal Pillar Isolation ................................................................................................. 28 4.2 Study on the Filling and Filling Scheme of Typical Key Stratum Without Leaving Coal Pillar .................................................................................................................... 35 4.3 Chapter Conclusion ............................................................................................... 40 万方数据 VII 5 Simulation Study on the Influence of Mining Width on the Effect of Filling and Reducing Settlement under the Condition of One Side Goaf ................................ 41 5.1 Study on Simulation Scheme of Grouting under Different Working Face Width 42 5.2 Filling Effect and Analysis of Different Injection Production Ratio under Large Mining Width ............................................................................................................... 49 5.3 Chapter Conclusion ............................................................................................