阳煤一矿综采工作面过空巷围岩稳定原理及充填参数研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 阳煤一矿综采工作面过空巷围岩稳定原理 及充填参数研究 Study on the Principle of Surrounding Rock Stability and Filling Parameter of Fully Mechanized Coal Mining Face through Abandoned Roadway in No.1 Coal Mine of Yangquan Coal Mining Group 作者鲁伟杰 导师柏建彪 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一七年五月 中图分类号TD353学校代码10290 UDC622密级公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 阳煤一矿综采工作面过空巷围岩稳定原理 及充填参数研究 Study on the Principle of Surrounding Rock Stability and Filling Parameter of Fully Mechanized Coal Mining Face through Abandoned Roadway in No.1 Coal Mine of Yangquan Coal Mining Group 作者鲁伟杰导师柏建彪 申请学位工学硕士学位培养单位矿业工程学院. 学科专业采矿工程研究方向岩体力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席冯光明评 阅 人李桂臣、杨双锁 二 O 一七年五月 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书）。 作者签名导师签名 年月日年月日 致谢致谢 本论文是在我的导师柏建彪教授指导下独立完成的， 我很庆幸在研究生阶段 能够师从柏老师，他对学术严谨的态度一直深深感染和激励着我，这是我一生能 够受用的。 柏老师在指导我毕业论文的过程中倾注了大量的精力， 从论文的选题、 理论分析、思路形成、现场指导直到论文的完成，老师都给了我很大的帮助。倘 若没有柏老师的指导和支持，我是不可能顺利完成本论文的。 在此，谨向我的导师柏建彪教授致以最深的感谢与敬意 三年的努力与付出，随着论文的完成，终于让我的研究生求学生涯划上了一 个句号。 感谢三年来陪伴我的同学和朋友们， 是你们陪我度过了这段美好的时光， 给我留下了许多难忘的回忆。 感谢母校中国矿业大学为我们提供了如此好的学习 和生活环境。 更要感谢这三年来辛苦传授知识的老师们， 感谢你们不但丰富了我许多的专 业知识，而且开阔了我的人生眼界，更培养了我良好的自主学习能力。 另外，我还要感谢在我整个论文写作过程中时刻给我提供帮助的王襄禹老 师、徐营老师、陈勇老师和闫帅老师，老师们的指导让我对论文思路和细节有了 更明确的把握。 感谢亲爱的师兄弟们，在论文写作过程中，我感受到了珍贵的同门情谊，你 们给予的帮助，让我能把论文做得更加准确细致。 也感谢我的家人， 是他们对我的无私付出， 才能有我今天的结果， 谢谢你们 最后，非常感谢各位评阅老师和专家能在百忙之中评阅我的论文。作者水平 有限，论文中不当之处在所难免，恳请各位专家批评指正。 鲁伟杰 2017 年 5 月 8 日 I 摘摘要要 长期以来，回采工作面过空巷一直是未能很好解决的技术难题。而且随着资 源的减少，开采空巷区域的煤层尤为必要。当空巷受到超前支承压力作用时，空 巷顶底板及两帮变形较大。随着工作面向空巷不断推进，工作面容易发生危险， 例如工作面大面积冒顶、支架被压垮等威胁工作面安全的事故。 本论文在总结传统过空巷技术的基础上，综合采用理论分析、数值模拟及工 业性试验的方法，对阳煤一矿 8303 工作面回采穿过的平行空巷采取加固措施的 必要性、过空巷基本顶失稳机理和采用高水材料局部充填进行了探究。 首先，针对该矿具体的地质条件，建立数值计算模型，模拟空巷不采取加固 措施的条件下工作面进行回采，随着回采工作面的推进，分析空巷受采动影响围 岩破坏情况，并监测了液压支架在工作面距空巷不同距离时的工作阻力，综合分 析提出对空巷采取加固措施。 其次，采用理论分析的方法，建立了过空巷采场基本顶失稳力学模型，分析 了过空巷基本顶失稳机理， 求解得出维持空巷围岩稳定条件下空巷需要的临界支 护阻力。接着提出经济、有效的高水材料局部充填技术，利用数值模拟的方法， 从空巷顶底板及两帮、工作面顶板变形量，工作面到空巷后方的应力及塑性区分 布规律几方面对充填体长度参数进行了探究， 而且对工作面通过空巷以后的超前 支承压力分布规律进行了研究， 验证空巷局部充填可以有效改善工作面超前支承 压力对工作面顶板和空巷围岩的影响。 最后，在 8303 工作面进行了高水材料局部充填空巷试验，而且制定了矿压 观测方案，对工作面支架阻力进行了监测和分析，验证了空巷局部充填效果，说 明了空巷局部充填参数和充填工艺合理，可在类似条件下推广使用。 本论文有图 38 幅，表格 7 个，参考文献 75 篇。 关键词关键词空巷；局部充填；基本顶失稳；围岩活动特征；高水材料 II Abstract For a long time, the technology for passing through abandoned roadway in stope has been a problem difficult to be dealt with. However, with the increasing decrease of coal resources, it is much necessary for the coal existing in the abandoned roadway to be mined. Yet, it is very dangerous to do that, because the lead abutment pressures will de the roof baseboard and two sides of the abandoned roadway very much. What’s more, it is also dangerous to work in stope with the stope gradually advancing into the abandoned roadway, such as the accidents of roof collapse in large area, or supports collapse under great pressure, which happens a lot and brings danger to miners. Based on the traditional technology for passing through abandoned roadway, this thesis uses an integrated of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and industrial test to explore the necessity of reinforcing the abandoned roadway passed in 8303 working face in No.1 Coal Mine of Yangquan Coal Mining Group, to study the instability mechanism of main roof of passing through the abandoned roadway, and the partial stowage of high-water content materials. Firstly, based on the specific geological conditions of the No.1Coal Mine, a numerical calculation model was made to simulate the stope in the abandoned roadway without the reinforcement. With the stope advancing into the abandoned roadway, the damage of its wall rock was analyzed affected by the work of stope. Also, monitored was the working resistance of hydraulic support which varies with the distance between the working face and the abandoned roadway. In the end, reinforcementmeasuresoftheabandonedroadwaywereproposedaftera comprehensive analysis. Secondly, the of theoretical analysis was used to model the instability stress of the main roof in the abandoned roadway, and analyze the instability mechanism of main roof of passing through the abandoned roadway; and thus the critical point of supporting resistance was obtained to maintain the stability of wall rock of the abandoned roadway. And then the economical, effective technology of partial stowage of high-water content materials was proposed; the of numerical modeling was used to explore the length parameters of backfill from the three aspects the deation of the roof baseboard and two sides of the abandoned roadway and the roof of working face, stress between the working face and the rear of the abandoned roadway, and the distribution law of the plastic zone. Besides, the distribution law of the lead abutment pressures after the working face passed through the abandoned roadway was studied, verifying that the partial stowage of high-water content materials in the abandoned roadway can effectively reduce the effect which the lead abutment pressures of working face hold on the roof of the working face and the wall rock of the abandoned roadway. Finally, the experiment of the partial stowage of high-water content materials in the abandoned roadway was conducted in 8303 working face, and the observation III scheme of mine pressure was ulated. After a monitoring and analysis of the impact which the support resistance of working face and backfill have on coal pillar pressure, the effect of the partial stowage in the abandoned roadway has been proved, showing that the parameters and technology of the partial stowage in the abandoned roadway are reasonable and valid, and this kind of technology of partial stowage in the abandoned roadway can be widely used under similar conditions. There are 38 pictures,7 s and 75 references in this paper. KeywordsAbandoned roadway;Local filling;Basic top instability;Characteristics of surrounding rock activities;High water material IV 目目录录 摘摘要要............................................................................................................................I 目录目录.............................................................................................................................IV 图清单图清单......................................................................................................................VIII 表清单表清单.........................................................................................................................XI 变量注释表变量注释表................................................................................................................XII 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................1 1.1 课题研究的背景及意义..........................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状......................................................................................................2 1.3 主要研究内容及技术路线......................................................................................9 2 矿井工程地质条件及巷道围岩稳定性分析矿井工程地质条件及巷道围岩稳定性分析..........................................................11 2.1 矿井生产地质条件................................................................................................11 2.2 综采工作面过空巷上覆岩体关键结构稳定性分析............................................13 2.3 综采工作面过空巷充填技术的提出....................................................................14 2.4 本章小结................................................................................................................20 3 综采工作面过空巷顶板稳定力学机理研究综采工作面过空巷顶板稳定力学机理研究..........................................................21 3.1 综采工作面过空巷时基本顶破断特征................................................................21 3.2 过空巷基本顶超前断裂影响因素........................................................................21 3.3 过空巷基本顶超前断裂的力学机理....................................................................27 3.4 过空巷时基本顶稳定性分析................................................................................28 3.5 本章小结...............................................................................................................30 4 空巷局部充填条件下围岩活动特征研究空巷局部充填条件下围岩活动特征研究..............................................................31 4.1 局部充填下空巷直接顶力学分析和充填体参数设计........................................31 4.2 空巷充填体长度对围岩活动的影响....................................................................34 4.3 本章小结................................................................................................................58 5 高水材料充填技术和应用效果研究高水材料充填技术和应用效果研究......................................................................60 5.1 空巷充填工业性试验............................................................................................60 5.2 空巷围岩矿压监测及分析....................................................................................64 5.3 本章小结................................................................................................................66 V 6 主要结论主要结论..................................................................................................................67 参考文献参考文献......................................................................................................................68 作者简历作者简历......................................................................................................................72 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明..................................................................................................73 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集..........................................................................................................74 VI Contents Abstract........................................................................................................................II Contents......................................................................................................................VI List of Figures......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables.............................................................................................................. XI List of Variables........................................................................................................XII 1 Introduction...............................................................................................................1 1.1 The Background and Significance of the Research................................................. 1 1.2 The Research Status at Home and Abroad...............................................................2 1.3 The Main Research Contents and Technical Route..................................................9 2 Engineering Geological Conditions of the Mine Roadway Surrounding Rock StabilityAnalysis........................................................................................................11 2.1 Production Conditions and Geological Conditions of the Mine............................11 2.2 The Stability Analysis of the Key Structure of the Overburden Rock in the Fully Mechanized Top-coal Caving Face..............................................................................13 2.3 Filling Technology of Abandoned Roadway in Deep Fully Mechanized Caving Face..............................................................................................................................14 2.4 Brief Summary.......................................................................................................20 3 Study on Mechanism of Stability in Fully Mechanized Face..............................21 3.1 Characteristics of Basic Roof Breaking in Fully Mechanized Coal Mining Face.21 3.2 Influencing Factors of Basic Top Faults in Abandoned Roadway.........................21 3.3 Mechanics Mechanism of Advance Basic Roof Fracture through Abandoned Roadway.......................................................................................................................27 3.4 Basic Roof StabilityAnalysis through Abandoned Roadway................................28 3.5 Brief Summary.......................................................................................................30 4 Study on Characteristics of Surrounding Rock Activity under Local Filling Condition.....................................................................................................................31 4.1 Mechanics Analysis of Direct Roof and Design of Filling Parameters for Part Filling...........................................................................................................................31 4.2 Influence of Length of Filling Body on Surrounding Rock Activity In Abandoned Roadway.......................................................................................................................34 VII 4.3 Brief Summary.......................................................................................................58 5 Study on Filling Technology andApplication Effect of High Water Material.. 60 5.1 Industrial Experiment of Roadway Filling.............................................................60 5.2 Ground Pressure Monitoring and Analysis of Surrounding Rock......................... 64 5.3 Brief Summary.......................................................................................................66 6 Conclusions..............................................................................................................67 References...................................................................................................................68 Author’s Resume........................................................................................................72 Declaration of Thesis Originality..............................................................................73 Thesis Data Collection............................................................................................... 74 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号图名称页码 图 1-1技术路线图10 Figure 1-1Technical route map10 图 2-18303 工作面过空巷示意图12 Figure 2-1 The schematic diagram of 8303 working face passing the abandoned roadway 12 图 2-2老顶不同断裂位置示意图14 Figure 2-2The location of different faults at the old roof14 图 2-3UDEC 数值计算模型15 Figure 2-3UDEC Numerical Computation Model15 图 2-4工作面推进过程中煤柱及空巷围岩塑性区破坏示意图16 Figure 2-4 Image schemes of plastic zone of pillar and surrounding rock in working face propulsion process 16 图 3-1过空巷基本顶破断模型21 Figure 3-1Structure model of main roof during crossing abandoned roadway21 图 3-2煤柱“马鞍形”应力分布22 Figure 3-2Saddle type stress distribution of coal pillar22 图 3-3煤柱尺寸对基本顶超前断裂的影响23 Figure 3-3Effect of coal pillar size on the advanced fracture of main roof23 图 3-4煤柱“平台型”应力分布23 Figure 3-4Plat type stress distribution of coal pillar23 图 3-5煤柱“孤峰形”应力分布24 Figure 3-5Single peak type stress of coal pillar24 图 3-6基本顶断裂线位置对基本顶超前断裂的影响