寺家庄矿孤岛工作面沿空掘巷围岩控制技术研究.pdf

国家自然科学基金项目（51574227、51604268） 江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20140210） 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目 PAPD 硕士学位论文 寺家庄矿孤岛工作面沿空掘巷围岩 控制技术研究 Study on the Control Technology of Surrounding Rock in a Roadway Driving along Goaf of Island Coal Face in Si Jiazhuang Colliery 作 者白 宇 导 师柏建彪 教 授 中国矿业大学 二〇一七年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 寺家庄矿孤岛工作面沿空掘巷围岩控制 技术研究 Study on the Control Technology of Surrounding Rock in a Roadway Driving along Goaf of Island Coal Face in Si Jiazhuang Colliery 作 者 白 宇 导 师 柏 建 彪 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 岩体力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 冯光明 评 阅 人 张卫东 ； 闫帅 二○一七年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学 位论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版 和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为 教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案 馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规， 同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 致致 谢谢 本篇论文是在尊敬的导师柏建彪教授悉心指导下完成的，犹记老师几次叫 到跟前，每一个字节的审阅，每一个细节的教导，每一个环节的指导，正是您 这样的言传身教， 让学生不断的成长， 论文每一处都凝结着导师的心血和智慧。 时光荏苒，三年时间里，无论是在我的学习还是日常生活中，柏老师都给予了 我无私的关怀和帮助。柏老师严谨求实的治学态度，平易近人的待人态度无不 成为学生以后不断前进的方向。值此毕业之际，谨向柏老师致以最崇高的敬意 和由衷的感谢 衷心感谢王襄禹老师、徐营老师、陈勇老师、闫帅老师在论文写作过程中 给予无私的指导。非常幸运，硕士期间和四位老师都有过深刻的交流，和王老 师去过新疆，跟随徐老师去过陕北，在陈老师带领下去过淮南，和闫老师一起 去过淮北，四位老师无私教导现场经验，指导人生方向，在日常学习、生活中 对学生的关心和帮助，学生此生难忘，衷心地祝您们阖家幸福，工作顺利 感谢课题组的师兄弟，三年来，从书桌到实验室，从井下到井上，从办公 室到运动场，有笑有泪，有甜有愁。从你们各位的身上，受益良多，同样感谢 在论文中你们给予的帮助，感恩你们的陪伴与鼓励。 感谢亲人你们无私的爱铭记于心，无以言表。 最后， 感谢百忙之中评阅我的硕士论文和出席论文答辩的各位专家、 教授。 正是有了大家的指导、关心、帮助、理解和支持，论文才得以顺利完成。 在此，深表感谢，谢谢大家 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 综合运用了理论分析、FLAC 数值模拟分析、现场工业性试验等方法，分 析工作面上覆岩层结构形成过程及结构模型、沿空掘巷窄煤柱宽度、掘进及回 采期间应力分布、变性破坏特征以及塑性区演化规律，揭示锚杆锚索支护作用 机理、注浆加固机理，研究得到沿空掘巷围岩控制技术。 （1） 通过分析孤岛工作面上覆岩层结构， 采用数值模拟分析得到了孤岛工 作面两侧支承应力降低区、应力增高区范围，煤柱内垂直应力分布、两侧水平 位移场、巷道围岩变形量等，确定合理的煤柱宽度。 （2）研究了孤岛工作面沿空掘巷掘进阶段、工作面回采阶段巷道围岩垂直 应力分布、塑性区演化规律以及围岩变形特征和主要影响因素及影响规律。采高 增加造成基本顶的给定变形量增大、两帮变形增大；回采阶段，随着采高增加工 作面前方变形峰值大幅度增大，且对实体煤帮变形影响更大。随着煤柱强度的增 加，塑性区范围有明显的减小，围岩变形量也显著减小。 （3）分析锚杆锚索支护作用机理，基于锚杆锚索对 15106 工作面破碎煤岩 体整体稳定性能改善，提出高强锚杆支护、增大预紧力、增强护表能力提高支护 能力，研究确定了 15106 工作面回风巷支护参数，现场应用效果表明有效控制了 围岩变形。 本论文有图 51 幅，表 12 个，参考文献 71 篇 关键词关键词孤岛工作面；沿空掘巷；变形破坏特征；锚杆锚索；注浆加固 万方数据 II Abstract This paper shows the mechanism of anchor cable support, mechanism by analyzing ation process and structural model of overlying strata structure on working face, determination of narrow coal pillar width in roadway driving along goaf, stress distribution during excavation and recovery, the characteristics of denaturation and the evolution of plastic zone with slike theoretical analysis, Numerical Simulation of FLAC, site industrial test. Finally get the surrounding rock control technology of roadway driving along goaf. 1Based on the analysis of the overlying strata structure on the island face, this paper presents the stress relief area on both sides of the island face, horizontal displacement field on both sides of coal pillar, deation of roadway surrounding rock after using numerical simulation , and then confirms the reasonable pillar width. 2This paper give analysis on gulling roadway driving along the road, vertical stress distribution of roadway surrounding rock in working stage, the evolution of the plastic zone and the deation characteristics of the surrounding rock and the main influencing factors and the influence rule. Height increase causes the extended deation of main roof and two sides. In the recovery stage, with the increase of height, the peak of the front face of the working face increases greatly having more impact on solid coal deation。With the increase of coal pillar strength, the plastic zone has a significant decrease, and the deation of surrounding rock is also significantly reduced. 3The support parameters of 15106 working face return airway are determined and the stability of surrounding rock is realized in this paper. It is proved through mechanism of bolt and cable support, and also the idea of high-strength anchor support, increase the pre-tightening force, enhance the ability to improve the support table support which are based on improvement of the integral stability of rock-rock mass with 15106 working roof in anchor. There are 51 figures, 12 tables, 71 reference articles. Keywords Island face; Roadway driving along the road; Deation and failure characteristics; Bolt and anchor; Grouting reinforcement. 万方数据 III 目目 录录 摘摘 要要............................................................................................................................. I 目目 录录.......................................................................................................................... III 图清单图清单......................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单.......................................................................................................................... XI 变量注释表变量注释表 ................................................................................................................ XII 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 课题研究背景及意义 .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ...................................................................................................... 1 1.3 主要研究内容 .......................................................................................................... 7 1.4 研究方法及技术路线 .............................................................................................. 8 2 孤岛工作面巷道合理布置孤岛工作面巷道合理布置 ........................................................................................ 9 2.1 生产地质条件 .......................................................................................................... 9 2.2 围岩力学参数测试试验 ........................................................................................ 10 2.3 孤岛工作面上覆岩层结构模型 ............................................................................ 12 2.4 窄煤柱稳定性数值模拟分析 ................................................................................ 16 2.5 窄煤柱宽度的确定方法 ........................................................................................ 24 2.6 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 25 3 巷道围岩应力分布特征与变形规律巷道围岩应力分布特征与变形规律 ...................................................................... 26 3.1 巷道围岩应力状态分析 ........................................................................................ 26 3.2 沿空掘巷围岩稳定性影响因素分析 .................................................................... 29 3.3 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 34 4 沿空掘巷围岩控制技术研究沿空掘巷围岩控制技术研究 .................................................................................. 35 4.1 锚杆支护控制机理 ................................................................................................ 36 4.2 确定巷道锚杆支护参数 ........................................................................................ 40 4.3 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 47 5 工业性试验工业性试验 .............................................................................................................. 47 5.1 矿压观测方案 ........................................................................................................ 48 5.2 矿压监测结果分析 ................................................................................................ 49 5.3 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 52 万方数据 IV 6 主要结论主要结论 ................................................................................................................... 53 参考文献参考文献 ...................................................................................................................... 55 作者简历作者简历 ...................................................................................................................... 59 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 .................................................................................................. 60 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 .......................................................................................................... 61 万方数据 V Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II Contents ........................................................................................................................ V List of Figures ............................................................................................................ VII List List of Table ........................................................................................................ XI List of Variables ........................................................................................................ XII 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background and Significance of Research Project ................................................... 1 1.2 Current Research Situation at Home and Aboard ..................................................... 1 1.3 Main Research Content ............................................................................................. 7 1.4 Research s and Technical Routes ................................................................. 8 2 Reasonable Roadway Arrangement of Island Working Face ................................ 9 2.1 Production Geological Conditions ............................................................................ 9 2.2 Experimental Study on Mechanical Parameters of Surrounding Rock .................. 10 2.3 Structural Model of Overburden Strata in Coal Pillar Working Face .................... 12 2.4 Numerical Simulation Analysis of Stability of Narrow Coal Pillar ....................... 16 2.5 for Determining the Width of Narrow Coal Pillar ..................................... 24 2.6 Brief Summary ........................................................................................................ 25 3 Stability Mechanism of Surrounding Rock Structure of Deep Roadway along Goaf .............................................................................................................................. 26 3.1 Stress State Analysis of Roadway Surrounding Rock ............................................ 26 3.2 Analysis on Influencing Factors of Surrounding Rock Stability of Roadway Driving along Goaf ....................................................................................................... 29 3.3 Brief Summary ........................................................................................................ 34 4 Research on Surrounding Rock Control Technology of Deep Roadway along Goaf .............................................................................................................................. 35 4.1 Bolt Support Control Mechanism ........................................................................... 36 4.2 Determine the Parameters of Roadway Bolt Support ............................................. 40 4.3 Brief Summary ........................................................................................................ 47 5 Engineering Practice ................................................................................................ 48 万方数据 VI 5.1 Mine Pressure Observation Scheme ....................................................................... 48 5.2 Analysis of Mine Pressure Monitoring Results ...................................................... 49 5.3 Brief Summary ........................................................................................................ 52 6 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 53 References .................................................................................................................... 55 Author’s Resume ......................................................................................................... 59 Declaration of Thesis Originality .............................................................................. 60 Thesis Data Collection ................................................................................................ 61 万方数据 VII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 技术路线图 8 Figure 1-1 Technology roadmap of the researching 8 图 2-1 15106 工作面采掘工程平面图 9 Figure 2-1 the plan of mining engineering of 15106 working face 9 图 2-2 15106 工作面综合柱状图 9 Figure 2-2 15106 working face comprehensive histogram 9 图 2-3 试样单轴抗压图 10 Figure 2-3 single-axle compression 10 图 2-4 试样单轴抗拉图 11 Figure 2-4 single-axle tension 11 图 2-5 试样抗剪强度试验 11 Figure 2-5 Single-axle shear 11 图 2-6 煤体两侧工作面回采支承应力分布 13 Figure 2-6 Stress distribution of mining support on both sides of coal face 13 图 2-7 孤岛工作面上覆岩层结构模型 14 Figure 2-7 Structural model of overburden strata in coal pillar working face 14 图 2-8 沿空掘巷上覆岩层大结构模型 14 Figure 2-8 Structural model of overlying strata along gob-side entry 14 图 2-9 孤岛工作面内应力分布 14 Figure 2-9 Stress distribution in working face 14 图 2-10 合理窄煤柱宽度计算图 15 Figure 2-10 Sketch map of reasonable narrow pillar calculation 15 图 2-11 数值计算模型 16 Figure 2-11 Numerical calculation model 16 图 2-12 巷道开挖前孤岛工作面内垂直应力分布 17 Figure 2-12 Vertical stress distribution of coal pillar face before roadway excavation 17 图 2-13 孤岛工作面内垂直应力分布图 17 Figure 2-13 Vertical stress distribution of coal pillar face 17 图 2-14 不同宽度窄煤柱时围岩垂直应力分图 19 Figure 2-14 Vertical stress profile of surrounding rock with narrow width of different width 19 图 2-15 不同宽度窄煤柱内对应的垂直应力分布 19 Figure 2-15 Corresponding vertical stress distribution in narrow coal pillars with different widths 19 图 2-16 不同宽度窄煤柱内应力峰值分布曲线 20 万方数据 VIII Figure 2-16 Stress distribution profile of narrow coal pillars different widths 20 图 2-17 不同宽度窄煤柱水平位移场分布 21 Figure 2-17 Horizontal displacement field distribution of narrow strands with different widths 21 图 2-18 不同宽度窄煤柱水平位移分布 22 Figure 2-18 Horizontal displacement distribution of narrow strands with different widths 22 图 2-19 窄煤柱宽度与巷道围岩变形量的关系 23 Figure 2-19 Relationship between width of narrow pillar and deation 23 图 3-1 掘进期间应力分布云图 26 Figure 3-1 Stress distribution during excavation 26 图 3-2 回风巷掘进期间围岩塑性区域分布 2