基于关键层理论的采动应力演化及其对巷道变形影响研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 基于关键层理论的采动应力演化及其 对巷道变形影响研究 Study on the Evolution of Mining Stress Based on Key Stratum Theory and Its Influence on Deation of Roadway 作 者郭冲 导 师缪协兴 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一八年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文 的部分使用权， 即 ①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版， 可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目 的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场 所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图 书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD323 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 基于关键层理论的采动应力演化及其 对巷道变形影响研究 Study on the Evolution of Mining Stress Based on Key Stratum Theory and Its Influence on Deation of Roadway 作 者 郭冲 导 师 缪协兴 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 岩体力学及岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 万志军 评 阅 人 盲审 二○一八年五月 万方数据 致致 谢谢 光阴似箭， 岁月如梭。 三年研究生生涯转瞬即逝， 在硕士论文即将完成之际， 回首三年寒窗苦读，甜苦与喜忧并存，一路走来予我帮助者实在太多，在此表示 衷心感谢。 首先，衷心感谢恩师缪协兴教授的谆谆教诲与悉心关怀，并致以最真挚的祝 福。自步入师门，恩师严谨治学和认真做事的态度一直影响着我，使我能够认真 对待科研和生活中的每一个难题。 感谢茅献彪教授在学习和生活上的指导和帮助， 学术研讨活动开拓了我的视野，给我提供了许多科研思路和方法，使我在科研道 路上少走了许多弯路，在此致以最诚挚的谢意。 感谢周跃进副研究员对我论文的指点和启发，论文的选题、撰写及修改成稿 无不凝聚着周老师的心血和智慧。 感谢周老师在我三年硕士生涯中的教诲和指导， 不仅丰富了我的理论知识，而且到煤矿一线实践，使理论与实践有机结合。感谢 周老师在生活上的无私关心和帮助， 提高了我的工作效率， 培养了我坚韧的意志， 这将使我受用一生。 感谢张吉雄教授、马立强教授、王旭峰教授、范钢伟副教授及张炜副教授在 论文选题方面给与的指导， 使我能够及时完善并明晰论文架构。 感谢黄炳香教授、 徐营副教授、 阚甲广副教授及徐剑坤副教授在论文预答辩环节给与的中肯意见和 指导，使我能够及时纠正不足，顺利完成论文。特别感谢马占国教授和李玉寿高 工在试验方面的指导和帮助 感谢课题组的师兄曹正正博士、李佳伟硕士、张奇博士、李宁硕士及汪尔乾 硕士，感谢王明宇硕士、刘学硕士、庞顺硕士、徐晓鼎硕士及李晓彤硕士，特别 感谢师弟李萌硕士及马永东硕士在相似模拟试验方面给与的无私帮助 感谢家人对我学业的理解和付出，父母勤劳朴实、踏实勇敢的精神一直影响 着我生活中的点滴，激励着我的成长，您们是我永远的避风港和向前奋进的无限 动力。 感谢论文中所引文献的作者和前辈们， 您们的研究成果丰富了我的研究思路， 是本论文得以顺利完成的基础。 感谢中国矿业大学的培养感谢矿业工程学院、深部岩土力学与地下工程国 家重点实验室给予的科研支持 最后衷心感谢在百忙之中评审本论文的各位专家和学者， 感谢你们对本论文 提出的宝贵意见和建议；祝您们工作顺利，身体健康，一切如意 2018 年 5 月 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 平煤集团某矿丁四采区西翼回风下山巷道在工作面采动影响下， 表现出底鼓 剧烈、两帮移近量大等巷道大变形特征，传统的基于极限平衡理论的支承压力计 算结果显示巷道处于工作面采动应力的影响范围外， 但现场调研和矿压监测结果 均表明，巷道受工作面采动应力的影响比较剧烈。据此，本文以平煤集团某矿丁 四采区为工程背景，基于岩层控制的关键层理论和弹性基础梁理论，提出了一种 新的采动应力求解思路和方法， 重点研究了基于关键层理论的采动应力演化规律 及其对采动影响范围内巷道变形的影响，主要研究成果包括以下四个方面 （1）基于关键层理论确定了关键层的位置，结合弹性基础梁理论，提出了 一种新的采动应力求解方法， 建立了主关键层影响下的采动应力弹性基础梁结构 模型，计算了“三带”各组岩层在下位岩体中形成的支承压力，并向煤体中传递 叠加，得出了基于关键层理论的采动应力演化规律。通过现场工作面采动应力的 矿压监测，验证了该计算方法的准确性。 （2）以平煤集团某矿 14200 工作面的实际地质条件为背景，基于相似原理 建立了采动应力演化的物理相似模型，通过对相似模拟试验结果的分析，得出了 主关键层影响下的采场上覆岩层垮落特征、 工作面采动应力演化规律及巷道围岩 应力变化规律，证实了巷道受采动应力的影响比较剧烈。 （3）通过对采动应力影响下巷道围岩受力特征的分析，建立基于弹塑性理 论的巷道力学模型，根据工作面采动应力演化规律，计算得出静压和采动应力影 响下巷道围岩的应力状态、位移分布和塑性区范围；通过建立数值计算模型，分 别分析了巷道在掘巷期间和采动应力影响下的围岩应力、 位移和塑性区变化规律。 结果表明，工作面采动应力是巷道变形破坏的主要因素。 （4） 基于对丁四采区西翼回风下山巷道的现场调研和锚杆锚固质量的检测， 分析得出巷道围岩的变形特征， 基于此提出了以注浆加固围岩为核心的全断面锚 注联合支护方案，进行工程实践并通过巷道位移监测验证了支护方案的合理性， 取得了良好的技术经济效益。 该论文有图 59 幅，表 11 个，参考文献 128 篇。 关键词关键词关键层理论；采动应力；演化规律；巷道变形 万方数据 II Abstract West return airflow dip located at butyl fourth mining area in No.8 Mine of Pingdingshan Coal Group, which pered large deation characteristics under the influence of mining stress. The calculation results of abutment pressure based on traditional limit equilibrium theory showed that the roadway was out of the range of affected areas by mining, however, according to the site investigation and monitoring of abutment pressure, the roadway was within the range of significant influence of mining stress. Therefore, this thesis proposes a new solving thinking and based on the theory of key stratum and elastic foundation beam in the background of geological conditions of butyl fourth mining area, the research is focused on the evolution law of mining stress based on key stratum theory and its influence on deation of roadway which is within the range of mining influence, main study results and conclusions are summarized as follows 1 According to the discrimination results of key stratum, a new solving was proposed based on the theory of key stratum and elastic foundation beam, the abutment pressure ed in the hypogyny rock mass for each stratum group was calculated and stacked to the coal, then the evolution law of mining stress based on the theory of key stratum was obtained. The accuracy of calculation was verified through mining stress monitoring of working face. 2 The physical similar model of mining stress evolution based on the similarity principle was established, which had the practical geological conditions of 14200 working face in No.8 Mine of Pingdingshan Coal Group as a background, through the analysis of similar simulation test results, the collapsing characteristic of overlying stratum in stope, evolution of mining stress in coal and the variation of vertical stress of roadway surrounding rock were obtained. It confirmed that the roadway was affected mainly by the mining stress. 3 According to the analysis of mechanics characteristic of roadway surrounding rock under the influence of mining stress, the mechanical model of roadway based on elastic-plastic theory was established, the rule of stress state , displacement distribution and plastic range of roadway surrounding rock were calculated under the influence of static pressure and mining stress according to the evolution law of mining stress; according to the establishment of numerical simulation model, the variation law of stress, displacement and plastic zone of roadway surrounding rock during the 万方数据 III period of roadway driving and after the influence of mining stress were obtained. The study showed that the mining stress was main reason of roadway deation. 4 According to the site investigation and detection of anchorage quality of anchor of west return airflow dip at butyl fourth mining area, deation characteristics of roadway were obtained, the supporting scheme of full-face bolting-grouting combined support of roadway was proposed and implemented based on the analysis of deation mechanism. The rationality of supporting scheme was verified through the monitoring of roadway surface displacement, and it achieved good technical and economic benefits finally. There are 59 figures, 11 tables and 128 references in this thesis. Keywords key stratum theory; mining stress; evolution law; deation of roadway 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘要摘要................................................................................................................................ I 目录目录............................................................................................................................. IV 图清单图清单...................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单........................................................................................................................ XII 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................. XIII 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .............................................................................................. 2 1.3 研究内容与研究方法 ...................................................................................... 9 2 围岩力学性能测试及超前支承压力监测围岩力学性能测试及超前支承压力监测 ............................................................. 11 2.1 矿井概况 ........................................................................................................ 11 2.2 围岩物理力学性能试验 ................................................................................ 13 2.3 工作面超前支承压力监测 ............................................................................ 16 2.4 本章小结 ........................................................................................................ 20 3 基于关键层理论的采动应力演化规律基于关键层理论的采动应力演化规律 ................................................................. 21 3.1 关键层判别 .................................................................................................... 21 3.2 主关键层影响下的支承压力计算 ................................................................ 25 3.3 工作面支承压力计算 .................................................................................... 34 3.4 本章小结 ........................................................................................................ 40 4 主关键层影响下的采动应力相似模拟主关键层影响下的采动应力相似模拟 ................................................................. 41 4.1 相似模拟试验原理 ........................................................................................ 41 4.2 试验方案设计 ................................................................................................ 42 4.3 相似模拟结果分析 ........................................................................................ 47 4.4 本章小结 ........................................................................................................ 52 5 采动应力影响下巷道变形研究采动应力影响下巷道变形研究 ............................................................................. 54 5.1 巷道围岩弹塑性力学分析 ............................................................................ 54 5.2 采动影响下巷道变形破坏研究 .................................................................... 65 5.3 采动影响下巷道变形数值模拟分析 ............................................................ 69 5.4 本章小结 ........................................................................................................ 84 万方数据 V 6 工程实践工程实践 ................................................................................................................. 85 6.1 工程概况 ........................................................................................................ 85 6.2 巷道支护方案设计 ........................................................................................ 91 6.3 巷道变形监测 ................................................................................................ 96 6.4 本章小结 ........................................................................................................ 98 7 结论与展望结论与展望 ........................................................................................................... 100 7.1 结论 .............................................................................................................. 100 7.2 展望 .............................................................................................................. 101 参考文献参考文献 ................................................................................................................... 102 作者简历作者简历 ................................................................................................................... 109 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ............................................................................................... 110 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ....................................................................................................... 111 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ............................................................................................................. XII List of Variables ...................................................................................................... XIII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Purpose and significance ................................................................... 1 1.2 Domestic and Foreign Research Situation ........................................................ 2 1.3 Research Contents and s ....................................................................... 9 2 Mechanical Tests of Surrounding Rock and Monitoring of Lead Abutment Pressure . 11 2.1 General Situation of Mine ............................................................................... 11 2.2 Physical and Mechanical Test of Surrounding Rock ...................................... 13 2.3 Monitoring of Lead Abutment Pressure of Working Face .............................. 16 2.4 Chapter Summary ........................................................................................... 20 3 Evolution Law of Mining Stress Based on Key Strata Theory ........................... 21 3.1 Discrimination of Key Stratum ....................................................................... 21 3.2 Calculation of Abutment Pressure under Influence of Main Key Stratum ..... 25 3.3 Calculation of Abutment Pressure of Working Face ....................................... 34 3.4 Chapter Summary ........................................................................................... 40 4 Similar Simulation of Mining Stress under the Influence of Main Key Stratum .. 41 4.1 Experimental Principle of Similar Simulation ................................................ 41 4.2 Design of Experimental Scheme ..................................................................... 42 4.3 Result Analysis of Similar Simulation ............................................................ 47 4.4 Chapter Summary ........................................................................................... 52 5 Study on the Deation of Roadway under the Influence of Mining Stress . 54 5.1 Elastic-plastic Mechanics Analysis of Roadway Surrounding Rock .............. 54 5.2 Study on the Deation of Roadway under the Influence of Mining ......... 65 5.3 Numerical Simulation of Roadway Deation under the Influence of Mining . 69 5.4 Chapter Summary ........................................................................................... 84 万方数据 VII 6 Engineering Practice ............................................................................................... 85 6.1 Engineering Situation ...................................................................................... 85 6.2 Design of Supporting Scheme ........................................................................ 91 6.3 Monitoring of Roadway Deation ............................................................ 96 6.4 Chapter Summary ........................................................................................... 98 7 Main Conclusions and Prospects ......................................................................... 100 7.1 Main Conclusions ......................................................................................... 100 7.2 Prospects ........................................................