900m埋深沿空留巷复用机理与技术研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 900m 埋深沿空留巷复用机理与技术研究 Study on Resuse Mechanism and Technology of Gob-Side Entry Retaning in 900m Deep Mine 作 者张志义 导 师张 农 教授 中国矿业大学 二○一四年五月 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（SZBF2011-6-B35） 长江学者和创新团队发展计划-创新团队（IRT1084） 2012 年国家自然科学基金（51274193） 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 900m 埋深沿空留巷复用机理与技术研究 Study on Resuse Mechanism and Technology of Gob-Side Entry Retaning in 900m Deep Mine 作 者 张 志 义 导 师 张 农 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 巷道围岩控制 答辩委员会主席 评 阅 人 二○一四年五月 万方数据 75 学位论文原创性声明 学位论文原创性声明 Declaration of Thesis Originality 本人郑重声明所呈交的学位论文900m 埋深沿空留巷复用机理与技术研 究 ，是本人在导师指导下，在中国矿业大学攻读学位期间进行的研究工作所取 得的成果。据我所知，除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个 人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体， 均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名 年 月 日 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明 学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 2014 年 月 日 2014 年 月 日 万方数据 论文审阅认定书 论文审阅认定书 研究生 张 志 义 在规定的学习年限内， 按照研究生培养方案 的要求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本 学位论文,经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同， 论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定， 同意将本论文作为学位申请论文 送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致 谢 致 谢 怀揣着对尊敬导师张农教授美好的祝福和真诚的谢意来到硕士三年结束的 门口。 在导师张农教授的精心指导下硕士论文顺利完成。 在论文成稿的整个过程中 张老师提前着手安排选题，及时询问论文的进度并指导解决发现的问题。整篇文 章都凝聚着导师的智慧和心血。张老师为人和善、低调做人，对学生更是照顾有 加；科研上开拓创新、锲而不舍、高瞻远瞩。为我们这些从师学子树立了很好的 榜样。三年所学将会成为我人生中最宝贵的财富，令我受益终身。值此论文完成 之际，谨向我尊敬的导师致以衷心的感谢和崇高的敬意 在课题的研究和论文的撰写过程中，许兴亮副教授、阚甲广副教授、郑西贵 副教授、李桂臣副教授、赵一鸣博士、韩昌良博士、于宪阳博士、薛飞博士、李 宝玉博士、潘东江博士给予我很多热心的指导和无私的帮助，在此对他们表示深 深的谢意。 感谢姚亚虎、史英男、陈瑶、张明、姜凯、张磊、刘洪洋、王晓卿、陈红、 黄中锋、冯飞等硕士在论文写作过程中提供的宝贵建议和帮助 感谢淮南矿业集团朱集煤矿李贵和总工程师、张兴才副总工程师、李传高科 长在现场调研及试验期间给予的支持和帮助 感谢父母的养育之恩，向父母表示最诚挚的敬意。他们对我学业上面的支持 和理解，使我能够顺利完成学业。 感谢各位专家、教授在百忙之中评审本论文，由于作者水平有限，文中难免 有不足和疏漏之处，热切希望得到您们的指教。 张志义 2014 年 5 月于徐州 张志义 2014 年 5 月于徐州 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 留巷是一项系统工程， 其生命周期应从巷道开挖算起。 按照留巷功能的演变， 可将留巷的整个生命周期划分为三个阶段 煤巷开掘到上一工作面推过前为留巷 前期；上一工作面推过到留巷复用前为留巷中期；留巷修复到下一工作面回采结 束为留巷后期。随着我国立井开采水平的不断延伸及沿空留巷的独有优势，深部 沿空留巷工程正在不断推广和应用。由于深部矿井“五高两扰动”的特殊地质力 学开采环境，导致深井复合顶底板沿空留巷待下一工作面回采复用时，断面收缩 严重，围岩极度松散破碎，留巷很难实现其真正“一巷两用”的技术优势。 本文以朱集矿埋深 900m 首采工作面沿空留巷复用工程为背景，运用理论分 析、 数值模拟及工业性试验等方法，对深埋复合顶底板沿空留巷复用机理与技术 进行了系统的研究。 具体为 采用理论分析研究了留巷复用前期围围岩活动规律， 得出留巷复用期间围岩结构特征， 评价留巷复用可行性， 制定留巷扩刷修复原则， 组织留巷扩刷修复合理工序； 采用统计分析研究了留巷失稳时围岩变形特征，提 出留巷复用时结构临近失稳概念， 确定留巷复用合理时机； 采用数值计算和 RFPA 数值模拟研究了留巷复用期间围岩应力演化规律， 制定留巷复用期间巷道主被动 协同支护方案；采用现场实践和矿压观测的方法，调整留巷复用时机，优化留巷 复用工序，修正留巷复用巷道支护参数。 研究成果成功指导朱集矿完成 1300m 的留巷复用工程，矿压观测表明，修 复后留巷两帮移近量小于 90mm，顶底移近量小于 200mm，顶板没有出现明显 离层，锚杆索受力均匀且合理，留巷扰动变形在修复后得到有效控制。解决了朱 集矿紧张采掘接替局面，节省相关掘巷及支护费用 800 余万元，取得了较好的社 会经济效益，并对类似条件下沿空留巷具有一定的指导意义和参考价值。 该论文有图 55 幅，表 7 个，参考文献 64 篇。 关键词关键词深井留巷；留巷复用；扩刷修复；围岩结构；RFPA；主被动协调支护 万方数据 III Abstract Gob-side entry retaining is system engineering and its life cycle should begin with the roadway excavation. According to the evolution of the roadway function, the whole life cycle could be divided into three stages Early Stage from roadway excavation to er mining face pass; Mid Stage from mining face pass to er mining face stoping over; Later Stage from roadway repairing to next mining face stoping over. Because of mining depth extension and particular advantages of Gob-side entry retaining, application of Gob-side entry retaining in deep mine is promoting. As deep mine “5-high and 2- disturbance“ special mechanical mining geological environment, the Gob-side entry retaining with composite roof and floor in deep mine badly damaged when next mining face stoping, surrounding rock was extremely loose and broken, it was difficult for the real technology advantage of Gob-side entry retaining come true. Based on the gob-side entry retaining reparation engineering of first coal mining face in Zhuji mine around 900 m underground，this mining face has 9.1m composite roof and 3.8m composite floor. Reuse mechanism and technology were studied by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement. Activity characteristics of overburden before retained roadway reuse was analyzed with theoretical knowledge, structure characteristics of roadway surrounding rock was concluded, reuse feasibility was uated, reuse reasonable principle and construction process were determined; instability characteristics of surrounding rock was researched by statistical analysis, the conception of“critical structure between instability and stability” was proposed，reuse reasonable time was determined; Evolution law of surrounding rock stress was analyzed by numerical calculation and RFPA numerical simulation, initiative-passive collaborative supporting system was concluded; roadway reuse time was adjusted, reuse process was optimized and roadway supporting parameters was corrected with the of field practice and the pressure observation. Research result was applied in the gob-side entry retaining reparation engineering in Zhuji mine successfully， results of ground pressure monitoring showed that deation of ribs was lower than 90mm, relative deation of roof and floor was lower than 200mm, there was not obvious separation in roof stratum, cable force was uni and reasonable, repaired roadway deation was controlled effectively. 万方数据 IV All inds satisfied the requirements of the next mining face. There were 55 pictures, 7 tables and 64 references. Key words Deep Gob-side Entry Retaining; Gob-side Entry Retaining Reuse; Expansion and Reparation; Surrounding Rock Structure; RFPA; Initiative-passive Collaborative Supporting 万方数据 V 目 录目 录 摘摘 要要 ....................................................................................................................... I 目 录目 录 ......................................................................................................................V 图清单图清单 .................................................................................................................... IX 表清单表清单 ................................................................................................................. XIII 变量注释表变量注释表 ........................................................................................................... XV 1 绪论绪论 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究意义 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 研究现状 ............................................................................................................ 3 1.3 论文研究的内容及方法..................................................................................... 6 1.4 研究思路 ............................................................................................................ 7 2 深埋沿空留巷复用期间关键问题研究深埋沿空留巷复用期间关键问题研究 ................................................................ 8 2.1 沿空留巷复用前围岩活动规律 .......................................................................... 8 2.2 沿空留巷复用期间围岩活动规律 .................................................................... 13 2.3 沿空留巷合理修复时机 ................................................................................... 18 2.4 沿空留巷合理修复工艺 ................................................................................... 19 2.5 本章小结 .......................................................................................................... 20 3 深埋沿空留巷围岩结构及应力演化规律模拟深埋沿空留巷围岩结构及应力演化规律模拟 .................................................. 21 3.1 模型建立 .......................................................................................................... 21 3.2 数值模拟结果分析 .......................................................................................... 22 3.3 本章小结 .......................................................................................................... 32 4 深埋沿空留巷复用期间围岩控制原理与技术深埋沿空留巷复用期间围岩控制原理与技术 .................................................. 33 4.1 深埋巷道变形特征 .......................................................................................... 33 4.2 深埋留巷围岩控制原则................................................................................... 35 4.3 主被动协同承载围岩控制原理 ....................................................................... 36 4.4 主被动协同承载围岩控制技术 ....................................................................... 39 4.5 本章小结 .......................................................................................................... 47 5 工业性试验工业性试验......................................................................................................... 48 5.1 工程概况 .......................................................................................................... 48 5.2 留巷复用前真实状态分析 ............................................................................... 52 万方数据 VI 5.3 留巷复用时期稳定性控制 ............................................................................... 58 5.4 留巷复用时期矿压观测................................................................................... 61 5.5 本章小结 .......................................................................................................... 67 6 结论结论 .................................................................................................................... 68 参考文献参考文献 ................................................................................................................ 69 作者简历作者简历 ................................................................................................................ 73 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ............................................................................................. 75 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ..................................................................................................... 77 万方数据 VII Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................. III Contents ................................................................................................................VII List of Figures ........................................................................................................ IX List of Tables ....................................................................................................... XIII 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Significance .......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Current Research Status ....................................................................................... 3 1.3 Research Conrents and approach ......................................................................... 6 1.4 Technical Line ..................................................................................................... 7 2 Deep Gob-Side Entry Retaining Key Problems Analysis during Reuse Stage ... 8 2.1 Activity Characteristics of Overburden before Reuse Stage.................................. 8 2.2 Activity Characteristics of Overburden during Reuse Stage ............................... 13 2.3 Reasonable Resue Tiem ..................................................................................... 18 2.4 Reasonable Resue Process ................................................................................. 19 2.5 Chapter Summary .............................................................................................. 20 3 Surrounding Rock Structure and Stress Evolution Law Simulation of Deep Gob-Side Entry Retaining ..................................................................................... 21 3.1 Numerical Model Building ................................................................................ 21 3.2 Anlysis of Numerical Simulation Results ........................................................... 22 3.3 Chapter Summary .............................................................................................. 32 4 Surrounding Rocks Control Principles and Technique of Deep Gob-side Entry Retaning during Resue Stage ..................................................................... 33 4.1 Deation Trait of Deep Roadway ................................................................. 33 4.2 Control Principles .............................................................................................. 35 4.3 Initiative-Passive Collaborative Supporting Theory ........................................... 36 4.4 Initiative-Passive Collaborative Supporting Technique ...................................... 39 4.5 Chapter Summary .............................................................................................. 47 5 Engineering Practice .......................................................................................... 48 5.1 Project Profile .................................................................................................... 48 万方数据 VIII 5.2 True State Analysis before Reuse Stage ............................................................. 52 5.3 Stability Control of Surrounding Rock during Reuse Stage ................................ 58 5.4 Field Observation during Reuse Stage ............................................................... 61 5.5 Chapter Summary .............................................................................................. 67 6 Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 68 Reference ............................................................................................................... 69 Author Resume ...................................................................................................... 73 Declaration of Thesis Originality .......................................................................... 75 Thesis Date Collection ........................................................................................... 77 万方数据 IX 图清单图清单 List of Figures 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 2000-2012 年全国煤炭产量统计 1 Figure 1-1 National coal output statistical figure 2000-2012 1 图 1-2 全国千米深井分布图 2 Figure 1-2 Distribution 1Km deep mine throughout the country 2 图 1-3 朱集矿留巷断面演化图 3 Figure 1-3 Roadway section evolution pictures of Zhuji mine 3 图 1-4 技术路线图 7 Figure 1-4 Research route 7 图 2-1 老顶 O-X 破断图 13 Figure 2-1 The O-X broken chart of main roof 13 图 2-2 采空区两侧应力分布 13 Figure 2-2 Stress Distribution in Both Sides of Gob Area 13 图 2-3 回采工作面前后方的应力分布 13 Figure 2-3 Stess distribution of face in the front and behind of mining face 13 图 2-4