恒源煤矿深部大断面软岩硐室围岩控制技术研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 恒源煤矿深部大断面软岩硐室 围岩控制技术研究 Research on Control Technology of Chamber Surrounding Rock with Deep Soft Rock and Large Section in Hengyuan Coal Mine 作 者曹明 导 师谢文兵 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一四年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 恒源煤矿深部大断面软岩硐室 围岩控制技术研究 Research on Control Technology of Chamber Surrounding Rock with Deep Soft Rock and Large Section in Hengyuan Coal Mine 作 者 曹明 导 师 谢文兵 教授 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 矿山压力及其控制 答辩委员会主席 马立强教授 评 阅 人 张益东、邹军 二○一四年五月 万方数据 98 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明 所呈交的学位论文 恒源煤矿深部大断面软岩硐室围岩控制技术研究 ， 是本人在导师指导下，在中国矿业大学攻读学位期间进行的研究工作所取得的成果。据我 所知，除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写 过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人 完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 学位论文作者签名 年 月 日 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学位 论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的部 分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使用影 印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图 书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅 读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 曹明 在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案的要求，完成 了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学位论文,经审阅，论 文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合学校的相关 规定，同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致致 谢谢 本文是在荆升国老师、谢文兵教授的悉心指导下完成的，从论文选题、研究 方案确定再到论文的写作，都得到了恩师们全方位的指导和培养，凝聚了老师的 极大心血。 研究生期间，荆升国老师与我亦师亦友，从他身上我学到的很多东西，使我 终身受益。与谢文兵教授结识于本科授课，本科期间就敬佩他深厚的学术水平和 工程阅历，研究生期间更是被他宽以待人、严于律己的为人态度所折服。在此， 谨向我的二位老师致以深深的敬意和感谢 在论文的写作过程中，娄培杰、王其洲博士和时吉贺、臧龙、钟耀华、李亚 运、丁国峰、陈杰、李鉴等硕士提供了许多宝贵的建议和帮助，在此向他们表示 衷心的感谢；同时感谢郝光生、樊正兴、田磊、费小保、陈美林等已毕业的同门 师兄在读研期间给予的关心和鼓励。 感谢皖北煤电集团恒源煤矿李承军总工程师、计庆辉部长、杨文辉、张酥工 程师及山西华宁焦煤有限公司崖坪煤矿的耿淑军总工程师、 王卫平科长在现场工 作中给予的帮助和支持， 研究生期间 400 多天的出差生活让我和煤矿建立了深厚 的感情，并将此作为我终身的事业。 感谢杨增强、甘建东、王晓卿 7 年来的陪伴，我们共同学习、共同进步，祝 福即将毕业的你们前程似锦。 感谢我的父母，他们给了我无私的爱，他们为我求学所作出的巨大牺牲，至 今我仍无以为报。祝福所有那些给予我关爱的家人、朋友，祝他们永远健康、幸 福 最后，感谢各位专家、老师百忙之中评审论文，期望得到更多的指导。 此致 曹明 2014．05 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 随着煤矿开采深度的增加，巷道支护难度逐渐加大，恒源煤矿进入深部开采后常规断 面巷道围岩变形难以得到有效控制，鉴于此，断面更大、应力环境更复杂、断面使用要求 更高的绞车房和架空乘人车硐室也面临相同问题，因此，本文对深部大断面软岩硐室围岩 控制技术展开研究具有重要的现实意义。 本文以恒源煤矿架空乘人车和绞车房硐室为研究对象，采用现场调查、理论分析、数 值模拟等研究手段进行研究，揭示深埋硐室实际工程特点，分析断面大小、埋深、构造应 力对硐室围岩稳定性的影响，提出了深部大断面软岩硐室围岩控制技术，并进行现场工业 性试验，同时采取现场实测数据评价深部大断面软岩硐室控制效果。 硐室围岩稳定性分析结果表明断面变大、埋深增加、构造应力影响下硐室底板都是 支护的重点。大断面硐室一次支护后应及时进行二次支护，二次支护应在变形剧烈阶段到 变形平缓阶段的拐点进行支护为宜。硐室底板对底鼓量要求苛刻，需采取控底措施，提出 了一种水泥端锚全长注浆锚索施工方式来改善锚固力，长滑架和底架的加工有效保障了大 断面硐室底板锚索施工。锚杆（索）预紧力是锚网支护重要参数，二者应合理匹配，锚杆 （索）预应力损失情况的监测数据表明1）二次预紧对预紧扭矩高锚杆作用更明显，为 使锚杆达到初始预紧力，应对锚杆施加 300N.m 初始扭矩并实施二次预紧；2）由于锚索张 拉过程预应力损失，张拉机具油压表示数需要从 26.5Mpa 提高到 28Mpa，才能保证初始张 拉力达到 100KN；3）由于锚索锁定锚具回弹及围岩蠕变影响，锚索预应力在半小时内迅 速损失，可对锚索进行适当超张拉至 30Mpa。 在以上分析的基础上，对恒源煤矿架空乘人车、绞车房硐室进行了现场工业性试验， 围岩监测结果表明架空乘人车硐室两帮最大位移量平均为 30mm，顶底板平均移近量为 63mm，绞车房硐室两帮最大位移量在 20mm 内，围岩变形得到有效控制。 该论文有图 95 幅，表 12 个，参考文献 104 篇。 关键词关键词深部；软岩；二次支护；大断面 万方数据 II Abstract Along with the increase of coal mining depth，the difficulty of roadway support is gradually increasing. As the deep mining area in Hengyuan Coal Mine, when the conventional section roadway adopt conventional support , roadway deation is difficult to be effective controlled In view of this, the overhead manned car chamber and winch room will face same problem which have larger section、environment further complicated stress and higer using requirements with section, therefore, it has very important practical significance to study control technology of chamber surrounding rock with deep soft rock and large section. Studying on overhead manned car chamber and winch room in Hengyuan Coal Mine and using combinative s of field research, theoretical analysis ,numerical simulation calculation and on-site industrial test. characteristic of chamber group in deep mining was revealed, then analysising the effect of section size、 buried depth and tectonic stress on the stability of surrounding rock of chamber by numerical simulation software, putting forward crucial technologies for deep big section of soft rock chamber, And then the paper carries out the field test. At last it makes uation on the effects with deep large section soft rock chamber control by field measurement. The results of stability with surrounding rock of underground chamber show that the larger section, the increase of buried depth, tectonic stress influence, The floor of the chamber is supporting key. It is timely for the large cross section chamber for secondary support after first support, secondary support ought to be at the break point from deation violent stage to gentle stage.It is very harsh to control floor of chamber，which needs to take measures of control floor. The paper comes up with a full-length cement end grouting cable anchor model. Not only has the process of long sliding framework and under-frame helped apply bottom anchor in big section chamber, but also improved the efficiency of construction. Pretightening force of bolts and anchorage cable should be reasonable matching which is a important parameters of bolt net support. The monitoring of prestress loss of bolts and anchorage cable shows that1）The secondary pre-tensioning effect will better which have higher torque, In order to meet the requirements to achieve the initial pretension bolt, should be based on 300N.m bolt torque then have secondary pre-tension；2）In consideration of the fact that the prestressing loss of cable tensioning , oil pressure reading of 万方数据 III tension machines should be enhanced from 26.5Mpa to 28Mpa to guarantee the initial tension force reaching 100KN；3）Considering the prestressing loss of anchor fixing and grounding rock deation, the loss of prestressing force rapidly in half an hour. over tensioning to the most of 30Mpa is feasible. There are 94 figures, 12tables and 104references. Key words deep; soft rock ; secondary support; bottom anchor; large section 万方数据 IV 目 录 摘摘 要要 ................................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ................................................................................................................................ IV 图清单图清单 ........................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单 ........................................................................................................................... XIV 1 绪论绪论 .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 问题的提出及研究意义 ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 论文研究目标、内容及方法 .................................................................................... 7 2.工程概况工程概况 ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 试验巷道概述 .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2 深部巷道变形破坏特征 ........................................................................................... 10 2.3 巷道围岩基础信息实测 ........................................................................................... 13 2.4 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 18 3 深部大断面软岩硐室围岩稳定性分析深部大断面软岩硐室围岩稳定性分析 ..................................................................... 19 3.1 断面尺寸对巷道围岩稳定性影响 ........................................................................... 19 3.2 埋深对硐室围岩稳定性影响分析 ........................................................................... 27 3.3 构造应力场对硐室围岩稳定性影响分析 .............................................................. 31 3.4 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 36 4 深部大断面软岩硐室围岩控制技术深部大断面软岩硐室围岩控制技术 ......................................................................... 37 4.1 一次让压支护作用分析 ........................................................................................... 37 4.2 深部硐室二次支护力学特性分析 ........................................................................... 40 4.3 深部硐室底板支护及配套技术 ............................................................................... 48 4.4 锚杆（索）预紧力合理匹配及预应力保障技术 .................................................. 55 4.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 68 5 现场工业试验现场工业试验 .............................................................................................................. 70 5.1 架空乘人车硐室高强稳定型支护技术方案 .......................................................... 70 5.2 绞车房高强稳定型支护技术方案 ........................................................................... 75 5.3 支护效果分析 ........................................................................................................... 82 万方数据 V 5.4 支护承载状况分析 .................................................................................................... 84 5.5 经济效益分析 ............................................................................................................ 87 5.6 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 89 6 结论结论 ................................................................................................................................ 90 参考文献参考文献........................................................................................................................... 92 作者简历作者简历........................................................................................................................... 97 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ...................................................................................................... 98 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 .............................................................................................................. 99 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract .............................................................................................................................II Contents .......................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ............................................................................................................. VIII List of Tables ............................................................................................................... XIV 1 Preface ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 The problem and research significance....................................................................... 1 1.2 Overseas and domestic research present state ............................................................ 2 1.3 Study target,content and technology routes of paper ................................................. 7 2 Project overview ............................................................................................................ 9 2.1 Introduction of test roadway ........................................................................................ 9 2.2 The failure and deation characteristics of deep roadway................................. 10 2.3 The Basic Ination of roadway ........................................................................... 13 2.4 Brief Summary ........................................................................................................... 18 3 Analysis of rock stability in deep soft rock chamber with Large section surrounding ..................................................................................................................... 19 3.1 Section size effect on the stability of surrounding chamber .................................... 19 3.2 Depth impact analysis of surrounding rock stability chamber ................................ 27 3.3 Analysis of the sffect on the stability of surrounding chamber in tectonic stress field .................................................................................................................................... 31 3.4 Brief Summary ........................................................................................................... 36 4 Deep Soft Rock Chamber large section surrounding rock control of key technologies...................................................................................................................... 37 4.1 Effect analysis of once let the pressure Support....................................................... 37 4.2 Deep chamber analysis of the mechanical properties of secondary support .......... 40 4.3 Deep chamber floor support ...................................................................................... 48 4.4 Bolt（Cable）deable matching technology and Prestressed protection technology ......................................................................................................................... 55 4.5 Brief Summary ........................................................................................................... 68 5 Field Industrial Test.................................................................................................... 70 万方数据 VII 5.1 The stable high-strength technology solutions of manned aerial cableway chamber ........................................................................................................................................... 70 5.2 The stable high-strength support technology solutions of winch room .................. 75 5.3 Analysis on support effect ......................................................................................... 82 5.4 Analysis on Load Bearing Rules ............................................................................... 84 5.5 Analysis on Economic Benefit .................................................................................. 87 5.6 Brief Summary ........................................................................................................... 89 6 Conclusions ................................................................................................................... 90 References ........................................................................................................................ 92 Author Resume ...............................................................................................................