露天转地采人工境界矿柱法对边坡稳定性的影响及加固技术研究.pdf

分类号分类号 TD862密密级级 公公 开开 U D C 单位代码单位代码 10424 学学 位位 论论 文文 露天转地采露天转地采人工境界矿柱法人工境界矿柱法对对边坡边坡 稳定性的影响及加固技术稳定性的影响及加固技术研究研究 勾文利勾文利 申请学位级别申请学位级别硕士学位硕士学位专业专业名名称称矿山建筑工程矿山建筑工程 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名尤春安尤春安职职称称教教授授 山山 东东 科科 技技 大大 学学 二零一六年五月二零一六年五月 万方数据 论文题目论文题目 露天转地采露天转地采人工境界矿柱法人工境界矿柱法对对边坡稳定性边坡稳定性 的的影响影响及加固技术研究及加固技术研究 作者姓名作者姓名勾文利勾文利入学时间入学时间 2013 年年 9 月月 专业名称专业名称 矿山建筑工程矿山建筑工程研究方向研究方向矿山地下工程矿山地下工程 指导教师指导教师尤春安尤春安职职称称 教教授授 论文提交日期论文提交日期2016 年年 5 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期2016 年年 6 月月 授予学位日期授予学位日期 万方数据 STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF OPEN-PIT TO UNDERGROUND MININGARTIFICIALBOUNDARY PILLAR ON SLOPE STABILITY AND RESEARCH ON REINFORCEMENT TECHNOLOGY ADissertation ted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY from Shandong University of Science and Technology by Gou Wenli Supervisor ProfessorYou Chun’an College of Civil Engineering andArchitecture May 2016 万方数据 声声明明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文，除了所列参考文献和世所本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文，除了所列参考文献和世所 公认的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交公认的文献外，全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交 于其它任何学术机关作鉴定。于其它任何学术机关作鉴定。 硕士生签名硕士生签名 日日期期 AFFIRMATION I declare that this dissertation, ted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Master of Philosophy in Shandong University of Science and Technology, is wholly my own work unless referenced of acknowledge. The document has not been ted for qualification at any other academic institute. Signature Date 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 摘摘要要 为了满足日益发展的社会对矿产资源的需求，对于采用露天开采的矿山不得不加大 开采深度。但随着开采深度达到开采境界后，不得不转入地下开采。然而，露天转地采 的过程往往会出现产量的不接替，露天与地下的同时开采成为一种必然，以往的露天转 地采更多的依靠境界矿柱来实现。通过留设境界矿柱进行露天转地采不仅会造成大量矿 产资源的永久性浪费，而且存在很多的安全隐患。露天转地采人工境界矿柱法的提出， 克服了利用天然境界矿柱进行露天转地采的不足。它是利用钢筋混凝土构建的人工假顶 与混凝土充填体，充当地下开采的顶板，大大提高了露天与地下同时开采的安全性。但 是，人工境界矿柱在构建过程中会对边坡坡跟部位造成破坏，引起塑性区的贯通，从而 造成边坡的失稳破坏。为了露天转地采的顺利进行，需要对坡跟部位进行加固。本文介 绍了一种新型的高边坡支护方式锚拉坡跟墙支护。锚拉坡跟墙设计主要针对边坡提 前进入塑性区的部位，利用锚杆将坡跟墙与人工境界矿柱连接起来，再配合预应力锚索 的共同支护。目前这种支护方式已经成功应用于山东黄金归来庄金矿的边坡支护中，取 得了不错的支护效果。本文主要包括以下几个研究方面 （1）通过地质勘察、边坡岩体岩石物理力学试验，得到了矿区地层、构造、水文地 质等地质条件和岩体物理力学性质参数，为进行边坡稳定性分析及数值模拟分析提供了 依据。 （2） 进行了边坡稳定性评价及变形规律研究， 其中包括露天采场边坡破坏模式分析、 边坡稳定性分析计算条件以及基于极限平衡分析方法的边坡稳定性分析。 （3） 采用 ANSYS 数值模拟技术分析了 5 个分区在地下开采前和地下开采后的边坡 稳定性， 研究表明采用人工境界矿柱法进行地下开采时， 边坡坡脚稳定性受到较大影响， 较早形成塑性贯通区，从而降低了边坡整体稳定性。 （4） 采用 ANSYS 数值模拟技术对比分析了坡跟墙和预应力锚索不同支护参数对边 坡稳定性的影响，在考虑安全性和经济性两方面下，选择了最优的支护方式，并对支护 结构进行了参数设计，这为工程实际应用提供了理论指导。 （5）支护方案实施后，保持对边坡的全天监控量测。通过监测数据的数据分析对支 护设计进行评定，为锚拉坡跟墙结构的支护应用提供了理论支撑；同时，也是人工境界 矿柱露天转地采方法的进一步完善，对以后的推广应用具有重要意义。 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 关键词关键词 露天转地下开采，人工境界矿柱，边坡支护，强度折减法，稳定性研究 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文Abstract Abstract In order to meet the growing demand for mineral resources in the society,the use of open pit mining had to increase the depth of mining.However,with the increase of mining depth,the problem of slope stability is becoming more and more serious,and it has to be transferred to underground mining. However,the process of open-pit mining often appears to yield does not succeed,open pit and underground and mining has become a necessity,past the open geostrophic mining rely more on boundary pillar to achieve.Through the design of boundary pillar for open geostrophic mining will not only cause permanent waste of large amount of mineral resources,but there is a lot of security risk.The artificial boundary pillar of open-pit to underground mining ,overcomes the deficiency of boundary pillar of open-pit to underground mining.It is the use of reinforced concrete construction of artificial false roof and concrete filling body,as the roof of underground mining,greatly improving the safety of open pit and underground mining at the same time.However, artificial boundary pillar in the build process will be the slope heel damage caused by plastic zone through,resulting in slope lost stability.In order to carry out the smooth running of the open pit,the slope and the parts need to be strengthened.This paper introduces a new type of support utilized in high slopesupporting structure of anchor retaining wall at toe of slope.Supporting structure of anchor retaining wall at toe of slope design mainly for the slope of the advance into the plastic parts of the District,the bolt to connect the slope with wall and artificial boundary pillar,coupled with the prestressed anchor cable supporting common. This support has been successfully applied to the slope support of Guilaizhuang gold mine in Shandong,which obtained efficient supporting effect. This article includes the following aspects 1 Through geological survey,rock physical and mechanical tests of rock and soil slope,and geological conditions such as mine stratigraphy,structure, hydrogeological and the physical and mechanical property parameter of rock mass was obtained which for provide a basis for further research of the slope stability analysis and numerical simulation. 2 The uation of the slope stability and research of the law of deation were studied,which include open pit slope failure mode analysis, calculation conditions of slope stability analysis and slope stability analysis 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文Abstract based on limit equilibrium analysis. 3 ANSYS numerical simulation was applied to analysis the slope stability of 5 partition before and after the underground mining. The study shows that when the artificial boundary pillar underground mining is adopted,the stability of the toe of slope is severely affected,and the plastic zone transfixes earlier,thereby the overall stability of the slope is reducd. 4 ANSYS simulation technology was used to analysis the impact of the wall at toe of slope and the prestressed anchor cable supporting structure on slope stability. Both of the security and economy taken into account,the optimal way of support was selected,and parameters of the supporting structure of were designed,which provides theoretical guidance for practical application. 5 After the implement of the support program,monitor and measurement of the slope were maintained all the day.Through the analysis of monitoring data, supporting design was assessed which provides theoretical support for the application of anchored slope with wall structure; At the same time,it is also improvement of the of the artificial boundary pillar open-pit to underground mining and makes sense for future application. Keywords from open-pit to underground mining，artificial boundary pillar， slope support，strength reduction ，stability study 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文目录 目目录录 1绪绪 论论................................................................................................................. 1 1.1课题的提出................................................................................................................ 1 1.2露天转地采边坡稳定性研究现状............................................................................ 1 1.3存在的问题和研究目的............................................................................................ 5 1.4论文的主要内容和技术路线.................................................................................... 5 2归来庄金矿工程地质条件归来庄金矿工程地质条件...............................................................................7 2.1工程地质概况............................................................................................................ 7 2.2边坡节理裂隙统计及分布规律.............................................................................. 10 2.3边坡岩体岩石物理力学性质试验研究.................................................................. 13 2.4本章小结.................................................................................................................. 24 3归来庄金矿露天边坡稳定性分析归来庄金矿露天边坡稳定性分析................................................................ 25 3.1露天采场边坡破坏模式分析.................................................................................. 25 3.2基于极限平衡分析方法的边坡稳定性计算.......................................................... 26 3.3本章小结.................................................................................................................. 33 4露天转地采人工境界矿柱法对边坡稳定性影响数值模拟研究露天转地采人工境界矿柱法对边坡稳定性影响数值模拟研究................34 4.1引言.......................................................................................................................... 34 4.2有限元模型的建立.................................................................................................. 34 4.3露天转地采人工境界矿柱法对边坡稳定性影响数值模拟.................................. 35 4.4本章小结.................................................................................................................. 44 5锚拉坡跟墙结构对边坡稳定性影响数值模拟研究及支护设计锚拉坡跟墙结构对边坡稳定性影响数值模拟研究及支护设计................45 5.1引言.......................................................................................................................... 45 5.2锚拉坡跟墙结构对边坡稳定性影响数值模拟...................................................... 46 5.3锚拉坡跟墙结构设计.............................................................................................. 52 5.4本章小结.................................................................................................................. 58 6露天转地采迄今边坡稳定性监测及评价露天转地采迄今边坡稳定性监测及评价....................................................59 6.1边坡稳定性监测目的.............................................................................................. 59 6.2边坡稳定性监测方案.............................................................................................. 59 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文目录 6.3数据处理及分析...................................................................................................... 61 6.4本章小结.................................................................................................................. 64 7结论和展望结论和展望.....................................................................................................65 7.1结 论........................................................................................................................ 65 7.2展 望........................................................................................................................ 65 参考文献参考文献...............................................................................................................67 攻读硕士期间主要成果攻读硕士期间主要成果.......................................................................................72 致致谢谢................................................................................................................... 73 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文Contents Contents 1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................1 1.1Topic proposed....................................................................................................................................1 1.2Study on the stability of open-pit slope..............................................................................................1 1.3Existing problems and research objectives.........................................................................................5 1.4The main content and technical route.................................................................................................5 2Engineering geological conditions of the Guilaizhuang Gold Mine................................7 2.1General situation of engineering geology...........................................................................................7 2.2Statistics and distribution law of slope joints and fissures...............................................................10 2.2Experimental study on rock physical and mechanical properties of rock slope..............................13 2.3Summary of this chapter...................................................................................................................24 3Analysis on stability of open pit slope in the return of the Guilaizhuang Gold Mine. 25 3.1Analysis of failure mode of open pit slope.......................................................................................25 3.2Calculation of slope stability based on limit equilibrium analysis ..................................... 26 3.3Summary of this chapter...................................................................................................................33 4Open-pit to underground mining artificial boundary pillar of on numerical simulation of slope stability influence..............................................................................34 4.1Introduction.......................................................................................................................................34 4.2Finite element model.........................................................................................................................34 4.3Artificial boundary pillar of open-pit to underground mining effect on slope stability numerical simulation..................................................................................................................................35 4.4Summary of this chapter...................................................................................................................44 5The numerical simulation and the supporting design of the structure of anchor retaining wall at toe of slope on the stability influence of the slope..............................45 5.1Introduction.......................................................................................................................................45 5.2The influence of the anchor pull slope and the wall structure on the stability of the slope.............46 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文Contents 5.3Anchor pull slope and wall structure design.....................................................................................52 5.4Summary of this chapter...................................................................................................................58 6Stability monitoring and uation of slope stability in open pit mining....................59 6.1The purpose of slope stability monitoring........................................................................................59 6.2Slope stability monitoring program..................................................................................................59 6.3Data processing and analysis............................................................................................................61 6.3Summary of this chapter...................................................................................................................64 7Conclusions and outlook....................................................................................................65 7.1Conclusions.......................................................................................................................................65 7.2Outlook..............................................................................................................................................65 Reference.................................................................................................................................. 67 Major ac