煤巷掘进冲击矿压显现规律的模拟研究.pdf

国家自然科学基金项目（51674253，51734009，51874292） 江苏省基础研究计划（自然科学基金）面上项目（BK20171191） 国家重点研发计划2016YFC0801406 硕士学位论文 煤巷掘进冲击矿压显现规律的模拟研究 Simulation Study on the Law of Rock-burst Appearance in Coal Roadway Excavation 作 者张腾达 导 师曹安业 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学 位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的 部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使 用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案 馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校 内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD324 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 煤巷掘进冲击矿压显现规律的模拟研究 Simulation Study on the Law of Rock-burst Appearance in Coal Roadway Excavation 作 者 张腾达 导 师 曹安业 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 灾害防控 答辩委员会主席 曹胜根 评 阅 人 盲审 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 致致 谢谢 三载寒暑，匆匆而逝。尊师教诲，终生受益。读研生涯，感谢曹安业老师在做人、 科研、生活上给予的指导和帮助。曹老师独特的人格魅力、严谨的治学态度、儒雅的生 活作风以及忘我的工作状态使我感受良多，受益匪浅。求学期间所能得到的工程实践、 出差学习、课题研究均离不开曹老师提供的平台，其中走的弯路、犯的错误也感激曹老 师的宽容和耐心。毕业论文从选题、论文框架、资料收集、后期修改和答辩等各个环节 均离不开曹老师的悉心指导和鼓励。读研生涯接近尾声，但师生情谊必将长存，学生深 深地感谢曹老师的付出。 感谢冲击矿压课题组的其他老师以及师兄弟们的帮助。感谢窦林名教授、牟宗龙教 授、贺虎副教授、何江副教授、巩思园副研究员、王桂峰副研究员、蔡武老师、李许伟 老师在论文写作中给予的指导和建议。感谢朱广安博士、沈威博士、刘志刚博士、刘广 建博士、王正义博士、郭文豪博士、曹晋荣博士、薛成春博士、陈为帅硕士、吕国伟硕 士、王学渊硕士、胡亚伟硕士以及已经毕业的牛风卫硕士、吴芸硕士、井广成硕士、魏 兵硕士在论文写作过程中提供的宝贵建议及相关资料。 特别感谢温颖远博士、 陈凡硕士、 黄现成硕士在资料收集、统计分析、数据处理以及论文翻译方面提供的帮助。在此表示 由衷的感谢 感谢徐庄煤矿防冲办唐晓明、门克庆煤矿安全科王居琳主任、防冲办赵辉等在工程 实践工程提供的现场指导和帮助感谢宿管阿姨在生活上的关怀和帮助 感谢家人对我的爱护和支持。尤其是我的父母，感谢你们对我的付出和无尽的爱， 让我养成了独立自主、不畏艰险的优良品质感谢小姨、大姑对我不时的关爱感谢李 同明哥哥、张家明哥哥、刘玉婉姐姐在生活和感情上对我的指点和帮助愿你们健康幸 福 感谢曾经陪在我身边的那个她人的一生有几次机会相识，相识后又有几次机会熟 悉，熟悉了又有几人能共赴年华，在一起了又有几人能走到最后。感谢与你相识相知相 爱的每一天，谢谢你 感谢母校七年来对我的培养， 无论身在哪里， 我永远是矿大人。 感谢矿业工程学院、 煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室的各位老师给予的关心、指导和帮助 最后， 感谢本论文中所有引用文献的作者。 同时， 特别感谢论文的评审和答辩专家， 感谢你们在百忙之中评阅我的论文，衷心希望得到你们的指导和帮助 张腾达 2019 年 3 月 12 日 凌晨 于中国矿业大学矿业科学中心 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 冲击矿压是一种破坏性极强的矿井煤岩动力灾害，对矿山的安全生产有很大的威 胁。 关于煤层巷道掘进期间冲击矿压影响因素方面仍存在问题需要解决。本论文现场调 研、案例统计分析、数值模拟和工程实践等手段，研究了煤巷掘进冲击矿压显现规律及 工程实践。 论文调研分析了华亭、义马、彬长、山东和徐州矿区部分矿井的典型冲击案例。结 果表明不同矿井、不同生产工序中冲击矿压的发生次数和冲击能量是不同的；煤巷掘 进冲击矿压的主要影响因素包括巷道埋深、煤层的冲击倾向性、顶板、煤厚变化、地 质构造和煤柱等。 构建了巷道开挖的 UDEC 离散元模型，模拟煤巷掘进卸载作用过程，结果表明 煤巷掘进冲击显现需要一定的应力水平； 掘进卸载作用下冲击破坏的能量主要源于煤体 自身积聚的弹性应变能。 研究了地应力、顶底板岩性、煤厚和巷道位置对煤巷掘进卸载作用下冲击矿压显现 规律的影响。得出在相同侧压系数时，应力水平越高，冲击破坏释放能量越高。最大 主应力方向与巷道走向夹角越大，冲击破坏释放能量越大。顶板或底板越硬，储存的弹 性能越高，冲击破坏时释放的动能也越大。顶板影响程度大于底板。煤厚越大，冲击破 坏的范围也越大，且破坏主要在煤层内。巷道沿煤层底板布置，煤厚越大底板破坏范围 越大，底板位移量越小；巷道在煤层中部布置，煤厚越大围岩变形量越大；巷道沿煤层 顶板布置，煤厚越大顶板破坏范围、位移量均越大。 研究了动载因素对煤巷掘进卸载作用下冲击矿压显现规律的影响。得出 应力波幅 值越大，冲击释放能量越大，巷道破坏越严重。在相同应力波幅值的前提下，增加应力 波的作用时间对动载强度的影响较小，但会增大巷道冲击破坏的强度和范围。应力波在 传递的过程中衰减较严重。 随着动载荷与巷道帮部的距离增大， 冲击破坏释放动能减小。 巷道支护对冲击矿压具有积极的抑制作用，在一定范围内间距越小效果越好。 论文研究成果应用于张双楼和徐庄煤矿煤巷掘进防冲工程实践。 该论文有图 86 幅，表 18 个，参考文献 85 篇。 关键词关键词冲击矿压；煤巷掘进；UDEC 数值模拟；动载；地应力 万方数据 II Abstract Rock-burst is a highly destructive mine coal and rock dynamic disaster, which has a great threat to the safety of mine production. There are still some problems to be solved about the influencing factors of Rock-burst during the excavation of coal seam roadways. In this paper, by means of engineering and literature research, case statistical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering practice, the impact law of Rock-burst in coal roadway excavation and the engineering practice of coal roadway excavation impact control are studied. This paper investigates and analyses typical impact cases of mines in Huating, Yima, Binchang, Shandong and Xuzhou mining areas. The results show that the frequency and energy of Rock-burst in different mines and production processes are quite different. The main influencing factors of Rock-burst in coal roadway excavation include roadway burial depth, coal seam impact tendency, roof, coal thickness change, geological structure pillar, etc. The UDEC discrete element model of roadway excavation is constructed based on engineering examples, and the unloading process of coal roadway excavation is analyzed. It is concluded that sufficient stress level is needed to show the impact of coal roadway excavation; the energy of impact failure of coal roadway under the unloading of excavation mainly comes from the elastic strain energy accumulated by coal body itself, and the proportion of elastic strain energy transed into the kinetic energy of impact failure is not high. This paper studies the influence of in-situ stress, roof and floor lithology, coal thickness and roadway location on the impact damage of roadway excavation under unloading. At the same lateral pressure coefficient, the higher the stress level, the higher the energy released by impact failure. The larger the angle between the direction of maximum principal stress and the direction of roadway, the larger the energy released by impact damage. The harder the roof or floor, the higher the elastic energy stored, and the greater the kinetic energy released during impact damage. The influence of roof is greater than that of floor. The larger the coal thickness, the larger the scope of impact damage, and the damage is mainly in the coal seam. Roadway layout along the coal seam floor, the larger the thickness of the coal, the larger the damage range of the floor, the smaller the displacement of the floor; roadway layout in the middle of the coal seam, the larger the thickness of the coal, the larger the deation of surrounding rock; roadway layout along the coal seam roof, the larger the thickness of the roof damage range, the smaller the displacement. 万方数据 III Study on the different dynamic factors on coal roadway excavation unloading and failure law of load dynamic impact. The greater the amplitude of stress wave, the greater the energy released by impact, and the more serious the roadway damage. On the premise of the same stress wave amplitude, increasing the action time of stress wave has little effect on dynamic load strength, but it will increase the strength and scope of impact failure of roadway. The attenuation of stress wave is serious in the process of transmission. As the distance between dynamic load and roadway wall increases, the kinetic energy released by impact damage decreases. The roadway support has a positive restraining effect on Rock-burst, and the smaller the spacing with the better effection. The research results of this paper are applied to the practice of anti-scour engineering in Zhangshuanglou and Xuzhuang Coal Mine Roadways Excavation. There are 86 papers, 18 tables and 85 references. Keywords Rock-burst; Coal roadway excavation; UDEC Numerical simulation; Dynamic load ; Crustal stress 万方数据 V 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ............................................................................................................................. I 目目 录录 ............................................................................................................................ V 图清单图清单 .......................................................................................................................... IX 表清单表清单 ....................................................................................................................... XIV 变量注释表变量注释表 ................................................................................................................. XV 1 绪论绪论 ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究内容 ............................................................................................................... 5 1.4 研究路线 ............................................................................................................... 6 2 煤巷掘进冲击显现案例统计与影响因素分析煤巷掘进冲击显现案例统计与影响因素分析 ......................................................... 7 2.1 引言 ....................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 煤巷掘进冲击显现典型案例统计与分析............................................................ 7 2.3 煤巷掘进冲击显现影响因素.............................................................................. 17 2.4 小结 ..................................................................................................................... 21 3 煤巷掘进卸载煤巷掘进卸载作用下作用下冲击冲击矿压显现矿压显现规律研究规律研究 ....................................................... 22 3.1 引言 ..................................................................................................................... 22 3.2 离散元模型的建立 ............................................................................................. 22 3.3 掘进卸载作用下冲击显现过程的模拟 ............................................................. 26 3.4 煤巷掘进冲击显现因素影响规律研究 ............................................................. 34 3.5 小结 ..................................................................................................................... 51 4 煤巷掘进卸载煤巷掘进卸载-动载作用下冲击破坏规律研究动载作用下冲击破坏规律研究 ...................................................... 52 4.1 引言 ..................................................................................................................... 52 4.2 煤巷掘进卸载-动载作用下冲击破坏规律研究 ................................................ 52 4.3 掘进卸载和动载扰动作用下冲击显现因素影响规律研究 ............................. 53 4.4 小结 ..................................................................................................................... 61 5 煤巷掘进冲击治理煤巷掘进冲击治理工程实践工程实践 ................................................................................... 62 5.1 张双楼煤矿工程实践 ......................................................................................... 62 5.2 徐庄煤矿工程实践.............................................................................................. 67 5.3 小结...................................................................................................................... 75 万方数据 VI 6 主要主要结论结论 ................................................................................................................... 76 参考文献参考文献 ....................................................................................................................... 78 作者简历作者简历 ....................................................................................................................... 83 万方数据 VII Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................... I Contents ......................................................................................................................... V List of Figures .............................................................................................................. IX List of tables.............................................................................................................. XIV List of Variables.......................................................................................................... XV 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Research Backgrounds and Significance ............................................................... 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad .................................................................... 2 1.3 Research Contents .................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Research logy ............................................................................................ 6 2 Statistical Analysis of Coal Roadway Driving Impact Cases and Analysis of Influencing Factors ........................................................................................................ 7 2.1 Foreword ................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Statistics and Analysis of Typical Cases of Rock-burst Appearance in Coal Roadway Excavation.................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 Influencing Factors of Rock-burst Appearance in Coal Roadway Excavation .... 17 2.4 Summary .............................................................................................................. 20 3 Study on the law of impact damage under unloading of coal roadway driving .. 21 3.1 Foreword .............................................................................................................. 21 3.2 Establishment of Discrete Element Model .......................................................... 21 3.3 Simulation of Rock-burst Appearance Process under Unloading of Excavation 21 3.4 Study on the Law of Rock-burst Appearance under Unloading of Coal Roadway Excavation ................................................................................................. 34 3.5 Summary .............................................................................................................. 51 4 Study on the law of impact failure under unloading-dynamic loading in coal roadway excavation ..................................................................................................... 52 4.1 Foreword .............................................................................................................. 52 4.2 Simulation of rock burst process under dynamic loading .................................... 52 4.3 Study on the Law of Rock-burst Appearance under Unloading and Dynamic Load Disturbance ................................................................................................................ 53 4.4 Summary .............................................................................................................. 61 万方数据 VIII 5 Practice of Coal Roadway Driving Impact Control Project ................................. 62 5.1 Engineering Practice of Zhangshuanglou Coal Mine .......................................... 62 5.2 Engineering Practice of Xuzhuang Coal Mine .................................................... 67 5.3 Summary .............................................................................................................. 75 6 Main Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 76 References ..................................................................................................................... 78 Author Resume ............................................................................................................. 83 万方数据 IX 图清单图清