煤系砂岩力学特征的微细观效应研究.pdf
国家自然科学基金项目资助(51874283,51674248) 江苏省自然科学基金面上项目资助(BK20161184) 应用型硕士学位论文 煤系煤系砂岩力学特征的微细观效应研究砂岩力学特征的微细观效应研究 Study on Micro-effect of Mechanical Characteristics of Coal-bearing Sandstone 作 者闫 凯 导 师姚强岭 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所撰写的 学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一, 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文 的部分使用权,即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版,可 以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;②为教学和科研目的,学 校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园 网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外,根据有关法规,同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生 学位论文。 (保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书) 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD3 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 煤系砂岩力学特征的煤系砂岩力学特征的微细观效应研究微细观效应研究 Study on Micro-effect of Mechanical Characteristics of Coal-bearing Sandstone 作 者 闫 凯 导 师 姚强岭 申请学位 工学硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 岩体力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 王旭峰 评 阅 人 盲评 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 致致 谢谢 岁月逾迈,一缕清,一阵香。在矿大两年的硕士学习生活即将结束,回首以往, 感慨良多。对一直以来支持我、关心我、帮助我的人,内心满是感激。 感谢我的恩师姚强岭教授,从第一天起便让我充满了自信。在姚老师的指导下, 无论在学业还是生活方面,我都收获颇丰,感触亦深。在论文写作过程中从论文的选 题、写作再到定稿,姚老师倾注了大量的心血,对论文不足之处提出了建设性意见。 姚老师严于律己,宽以待人的品格,无时不刻在影响我,督促我不断进步。感谢姚老 师两年来对我的培养教育,这将是我未来人生道路的一笔宝贵财富。在此,我向我的 导师致以深深的敬意。 感谢李学华教授、曹胜根教授、瞿群迪副教授、梁顺副教授、种照辉讲师对我论 文的指导,李老师教会学生待人接物、为人处事的道理。曹老师是我来矿大学习的指 路明灯,对我的硕士生活影响甚远。瞿老师意气风发、满腹锦纶,总是可以让人眼前 一亮。梁老师认真仔细,积极乐观的学术热情,值得我们每个人去学习。种老师在学 习和生活中认真负责,教导学生乐观向上、奋发图强。 感谢诸多同窗好友和课题组师兄、 弟对我的帮助。 特别感谢夏泽博士、 朱柳博士、 王伟男博士、 王傲硕士、 杨书懿硕士、 郝琪硕士、 许铮硕士、 陈翔宇硕士、 杨朴硕士、 万通硕士、汤传金硕士、李立华硕士、回新冬硕士、王烜辉硕士等师兄弟对我实验的 帮助。也祝师兄们工作顺利,师弟们学业有成 感谢身边的朋友,在论文写作期间对我的支持与鼓励,希望你们在未来的工作和 生活中一帆风顺。 感谢我的父母和亲人,你们是我坚强的后盾,你们用无私和爱浇灌我不断成长, 勉励我不断进步。感谢我的女友,在我论文写作期间给我精神上莫大的支持。 感谢东曲煤矿、新桥煤矿、济宁三号煤矿提供的岩石样品,精确了我论文中的数 据。 感谢论文中所引用的文献的作者,谨向你们付出的辛劳表示深深地敬意。 感谢各位专家百忙之中评审本文,衷心希望得到您的指导。 闫凯 2019.5 万方数据 I 摘 要 长期以来,岩石力学理论的发展和完善促进了矿井生产技术的进步。煤炭是我国 的能源的重要组成部分,在矿井生产过程中,对于岩体物理、力学性质等参数的掌握 程度,对采矿的科学开采及其安全技术水平至关重要。而对于煤岩体强度及稳定性评 价, 缺乏系统性原位自动识别岩层物理力学性质的手段及智能化决策技术和方法的融 合。因此,本文通过研究煤系砂岩强度的微结构效应,以期为智能化测试煤岩体强度 力学参数提供基础数据。 本文以济宁三号煤矿、东曲煤矿和新桥煤矿下二叠统山西组砂岩为研究对象,通 过 X 射线衍射仪和偏光显微镜对砂岩的微细观结构进行研究,得到了不同类型砂岩 矿物组成及含量,分析了不同类型砂岩微观结构特征,包括砂岩颗粒大小和形状、接 触类型、岩石结构与成分、胶结物成分与类型等;采用岩石物理力学测试系统,得到 了不同类型砂岩应力-应变演化规律,探讨了不同类型煤系砂岩力学参数随微细观特 征变化规律。结果表明,煤系砂岩强度、弹性模量、内聚力和摩擦系数随石英含量、 颗粒接触程度的增加而增大,随黏土矿物含量的增加而降低;揭示了颗粒的接触类型 和胶结类型对煤系砂岩物理力学性质的影响机制;通过声发射计数参数和 RA 值特 征,得到了砂岩破坏特征以及裂隙空间演化规律,并基于单轴压缩声发射试验结果, 建立了砂岩强度损伤演化方程和损伤本构模型。 研究成果可以为煤岩体参数原位测试智能化系统的研制与开发提供有益参考。 该论文有图 64 幅,表 14 个,参考文献 92 篇。 关键词关键词煤系砂岩;力学性质;微细观特征;损伤模型。 万方数据 II Abstract The development and improvement of rock mechanics theory has promoted the progress of coal mine production technology for a long time. Coal is an important component of Chinas energy structure, and the degree of mastering the physical and mechanical properties of rock mass is crucial to scientific mining and safety technology during production. However, there is a lack of integration of systematic means to automatically identify the physical and mechanical properties of rock strata in-situ and technology and of intelligent decision-making in the strength and stability uation of coal and rock mass. Therefore, the microstructure effect of strength in sandstone of coal measures was studied in order to provide basic data for intelligent testing of mechanical parameters such as strength of coal and rock mass in this paper. The sandstone in Jining No. 3 Coal Mine, Dongqu Coal Mine and Xinqiao Coal Mine in the Permian Shanxi Group was taken as the research object. The mineral composition and microscopic structure of different types of sandstone were obtained through X-ray diffractometer and polarized light microscope, and the microstructure characteristics of different kinds of sandstone were analyzed, including size and shape of particles, contact type, structure and composition of rock, composition and type of cement. The physical mechanics test system for rock was used to obtain laws of stress-strain curve of different types of sandstones and characteristics of mechanical parameters with micro changes was discussed. The results showed that the strength, elastic modulus, cohesion and friction coefficient of sandstone of coal measures increased with the increase of quartz and particle contact, and decreased with the increase of clay mineral. The mechanism of types of particle contact and cementation on the physical and mechanical properties of sandstone of coal measures was revealed. Through the parameters of acoustic emission signals and RA value, the failure characteristics and the spatial evolution of crack were obtained. Based on the results of uniaxial compression test and acoustic emission test, the damage evolution equation and damage constitutive model for strength of sandstone were also established. These results can provide a useful reference for the research and development of intelligent in-situ testing system for coal and rock mass parameters. There are 64 figures, 14 tables and 92 references in this paper. Key words sandstone of coal measures; mechanical properties; microscopic characteristics; damage model. . 万方数据 III 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ............................................................................................................................ I 目目 录录 ........................................................................................................................ III 图清单图清单 ....................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单 ......................................................................................................................... XI 变量注释变量注释表表 ............................................................................................................... XII 1 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景与意义 .................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .................................................................................................... 1 1.3 研究内容与技术路线 ............................................................................................ 5 2 2 煤系砂岩强度及微细观特征煤系砂岩强度及微细观特征试验研究试验研究 ................................................................ 7 7 2.1 实验仪器及测试系统 ............................................................................................ 7 2.2 岩样的选取与制备 .............................................................................................. 11 2.3 砂岩微细观特征分析 .......................................................................................... 15 2.4 砂岩单轴压缩应力-应变关系研究 ..................................................................... 33 2.5 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 34 3 3 微细观尺度效应作用下砂岩强度特征研究微细观尺度效应作用下砂岩强度特征研究 ...................................................... 3535 3.1 矿物含量影响下的砂岩力学特征 ...................................................................... 35 3.2 颗粒接触率与砂岩力学特征 .............................................................................. 38 3.3 胶结类型-单轴抗压强度定性关系讨论 ............................................................. 40 3.4 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 41 4 4 单轴压缩条件下砂岩声发射特征单轴压缩条件下砂岩声发射特征 ...................................................................... 4343 4.1 声发射技术特征及参数设置 .............................................................................. 43 4.2 砂岩强度-声发射计数 ......................................................................................... 45 4.3 砂岩强度-声发射累计计数 ................................................................................. 48 4.4 基于声发射 RA 值的砂岩破坏机理 ................................................................... 50 4.5 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 53 5 5 砂岩强度损伤演化特征砂岩强度损伤演化特征 ...................................................................................... 5454 5.1 基于声发射计数的砂岩损伤演化特征 .............................................................. 54 5.2 砂岩试样强度损伤模型的建立 .......................................................................... 58 万方数据 IV 5.3 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 63 6 6 结论与展望结论与展望 .......................................................................................................... 6464 6.1 结论 ...................................................................................................................... 64 6.2 展望 ...................................................................................................................... 65 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................................. 6666 作者简历作者简历 .................................................................................................................. 7272 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 .............................................................................................. 7373 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ...................................................................................................... 7474 万方数据 V Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................... II Contents ....................................................................................................................... V List of Figures .......................................................................................................... VII List of Tables .............................................................................................................. XI List of Variables ....................................................................................................... XII 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Research Backgrounds and Significance ................................................................. 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad...................................................................... 1 1.3 Research Contents and s.............................................................................. 5 2 Experimental study on strength and microscopic characteristics of sandstone . 7 2.1 Experimental instrument and test system ................................................................ 7 2.2 Selection and preparation of rock samples ............................................................ 11 2.3 nalysis of microscopic characteristics of sandstone .............................................. 15 2.4 Study on stress-strain relationship of sandstone under uniaxial compression....... 33 2.5 Brief Summary ...................................................................................................... 34 3 Study on sandstone strength characteristics under microscopic scale effect .... 35 3.1 Mechanical characteristics of sandstone under the influence of mineral content . 35 3.2 Particle contact type and sandstone mechanical characteristics ............................ 38 3.3 Discussion on qualitative relationship between cementation type and uniaxial compressive strength ................................................................................................... 40 3.4 Brief Summary ...................................................................................................... 41 4 Acoustic emission characteristics of sandstone under uniaxial compression .... 43 4.1 Acoustic emission technology features and parameter settings............................. 43 4.2 Strength-acoustic emission counting of sandstone ................................................ 45 4.3 Accumulated Count of Sandstone Strength and Acoustic Emission ..................... 48 4.4 Sandstone Failure Mechanism Based on Acoustic Emission RA Value ................ 50 4.5 Brief Summary ...................................................................................................... 53 5 Sandstone strength damage evolution characteristics ........................................ 54 5.1 Damage evolution characteristics of sandstone based on acoustic emission count54 万方数据 VI 5.2 Establishment of Strength Damage Model for Sandstone Samples ...................... 58 5.3 Brief Summary ...................................................................................................... 63 6 6 结论与展望结论与展望 ............................................................................................................. 64 6 Conclusions and Expectation ................................................................................. 64 6.1 Conclusions ........................................................................................................... 64 6.2 Expectation ............................................................................................................ 65 References ................................................................................................................... 66 Author’s Resume ....................................................................................................... 72 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................. 73 Thesis Data Collection ............................................................................................... 74 万方数据 VII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 研究技术路线 6 图 1-1 Technical route of research 6 图 2-1 基本测量仪器 7 图 2-1 Measurement Apparatuses 7 图 2-2 鼓风干燥箱 7 图 2-2 Drying Equipments 7 图 2-3 岩石力学及声发射参数试验系统原理图 8 图 2-3 Principle Diagram of Rock Mechanics and Acoustic Emission Parameter Test System 8 图 2-4 TS3890N 型静态电阻应变仪 9 图 2-4 TS3890N Static Resistance Strain Gauge 9 图 2-5 PCI-2 声发射监测系统 10 图 2-5 Monitoring system of PCI-2 acoustic emission 10 图 2-6 X’Pert Pro 型 X 射线衍射仪 11 图 2-6 XPert Pro X-ray Diffractometer 11 图 2-7 XP-300 型透射数码偏光显微镜 11 图 2-7 XP-300 Transmission Digital Polarizing Microscope 11 图 2-8 取样区域分布图 12 图 2-8 Sampling Area Distribution 12 图 2-9 岩样加工设备 13 图 2-9 Rock sample processing equipment 13 图 2-10 破碎分筛设备 14 图 2-10 Crushing and screening equipment 14 图 2-11 干燥设备 14 图 2-11 Drying equipment 14 图 2-12 显微薄片及手标本 15 图 2-12 Microsections and Hand Specimens 15 图 2-13 泥质细粒长石石英杂砂岩镜下照片 15 图 2-13 Microscopic photos of argillaceous fine-grained feldspar quartz complex sandstone 15 图 2-14 泥质细粒长石石英杂砂岩 X 衍射图 16 图 2-14 X-ray diffraction patterns of argillaceous fine-grained feldspar quartz complex sandstone 16 图 2-15 中细粒岩屑长石砂岩 Ⅰ 镜下照片 16 图 2-15 Microscopic