综放工作面转采阶段回采技术及矿压显现特征研究.pdf
分类号分类号 TD323 密密 级级 公公 开开 U D C 单位代码单位代码 10424 学学 位位 论论 文文 综放工作面转采阶段回采技术及综放工作面转采阶段回采技术及 矿压显现特征研究矿压显现特征研究 史晨昊史晨昊 申请学位级别申请学位级别 硕士学位硕士学位 专业专业名名称称 矿业工程矿业工程 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名 吴吴 士士 良良 职职 称称 教教 授授 副指导教师姓名副指导教师姓名 李李 玉玉 茂茂 职职 称称高级工程师高级工程师 山山 东东 科科 技技 大大 学学 二零一七年六月二零一七年六月 万方数据 论文题目论文题目 综放工作面转采阶段回采技术及综放工作面转采阶段回采技术及 矿压显现特征研究矿压显现特征研究 作者姓名作者姓名 史晨昊史晨昊 入学时间入学时间 2014年年09月月 专业名称专业名称矿业工程矿业工程 研究方向研究方向矿山压力与岩层控制矿山压力与岩层控制 指导教师指导教师吴吴 士士 良良 职职 称称 教教 授授 副指导老师副指导老师李李 玉玉 茂茂 职职 称称 高级工程师高级工程师 论文提交日期论文提交日期 2017 年年 04 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期 2017 年年 06 月月 授予学位日期授予学位日期 2017 年年 06 月月 万方数据 STUDY ON REVOLVING MINING TECHNOLOGY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF STRATA BEHAVIOR IN REVOLVING STAGE OF FULLY MECHANIZED TOP COAL CAVING FACE A Dissertation ted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY from Shandong University of Science and Technology by Shi ChenHao Supervisor Professor Wu Shiliang College of Mining and Safety Engineering June 2017 万方数据 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文, 除所列参考文献和世所公认的文献本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文, 除所列参考文献和世所公认的文献 外, 全部是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。 除文中已经标明引用的内容外,外, 全部是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。 除文中已经标明引用的内容外, 本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。 对本文的研究做出贡本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。 对本文的研究做出贡 献的个人和集体,均已在文中献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本 人承担。人承担。 若有不实之处,本人愿意承担相关法律责任。若有不实之处,本人愿意承担相关法律责任。 硕士生签名硕士生签名 日日 期期 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所撰写的学本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所撰写的学 位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。 作为申请学位的条件之一,作为申请学位的条件之一, 学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其指定机构学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其指定机构 送交论文的电子版和纸质版;有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库发表,送交论文的电子版和纸质版;有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库发表, 并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版;允许学校档案馆和图书馆保留学位并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版;允许学校档案馆和图书馆保留学位 论文的纸质版和电子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;论文的纸质版和电子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文; 为教学和科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图为教学和科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图 书馆等场所或在校园网上书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。供校内师生阅读、浏览。 (保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权)(保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权) 硕士生签名硕士生签名 导师签名导师签名 日日 期期 日日 期期 万方数据 学位论文审查认定书学位论文审查认定书 研究生研究生 在规定的学习年限内,按照培养方案及个人培养计划,完在规定的学习年限内,按照培养方案及个人培养计划,完 成了课程学习,成绩合格,修满规定学分;在我的指导下完成本学位论文,论文中成了课程学习,成绩合格,修满规定学分;在我的指导下完成本学位论文,论文中 的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定,同意的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定,同意 将本论文作为申请学位论文。将本论文作为申请学位论文。 导师签名导师签名 日日 期期 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 摘摘 要要 针对转采阶段的诸多关键问题,本文以长春兴煤矿 301 综放工作面为工程背景,从 技术要求、安全保障、社会经济效益等三方面论证了末采阶段布置工作面的可行性,并 采用理论计算的方法得出合理的转采参数采用虚心旋转方式,转采段回风巷道布置为 弧形,每个循环转角约 2,机头、机尾按照 111 推进,共布置 23 个调采循环。针对 转采可能出现的问题,还制定了控制转采中心偏移、防止支架挤、咬架等安全技术,确 保转采期间的安全回采。在此基础上,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场实测等方法对转 采阶段的矿压显现特征进行了研究,取得了以下成果。 1)转采期间,由于机头推进速度远大于机尾,导致同一时期内沿工作面走向和倾 向上各处的回采空间体积及采动影响范围差别较大; 同时在机头区的三角弧形顶板影响 范围内,距旋转中心越远的区域,弧形板悬顶面积就越大。这两种情况共同促使机尾和 采场中部的矿压作用向机头区转移,此为矿压作用转移效应。 2)由于越靠近旋转中心位置的区域,推进速度越慢,顶板压力作用在支护体上的 时间就越长,活柱缩量大,支架工作阻力也就越大;相反,远离旋转中心的区域,因推 进速度快,支护体上矿压作用的时间减少,因而支架工作阻力也就越小,此为力的时间 效应。以上两种效应共同作用,促使机头区支架工作阻力显著增加。 3)机头区推进速度的减小,导致运输巷道围岩受力时间长、变形量大,前方受采 动影响集中的能量可以充分向外转移, 因此超前支承压力影响范围及其峰值到煤壁距离 亦显著增加;同时虽然受应力集中的影响,机头区顶板岩层的活动范围有所增加,但超 前支承压力峰值变化很小。机尾区推进速度快,回风顺槽围岩受力时间减少,聚集的能 量不能及时向外转移,故回风顺槽巷道围岩变形量减小,支承压力影响范围及其峰值距 煤壁的距离也减小,但支承压力峰值显著增加。 本文的研究成果为复杂条件下拓宽综放采煤的适用范围, 增加采区回采率提供思路, 同时也有为类似工程问题提供借鉴,实现良好的经济和社会效益。 关键词关键词转采技术,矿压显现,调采循环,时间效应 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT Abstract In view of key problems in revolving mining, this paper, based on fully mechanized caving face 301 as engineering background, demonstrates the feasibility of revolving face layout in terminal mining stage, from the three aspects of technical requirements,security,social and economic benefits. Using the of theoretical calculation, reasonable revolving mining parameters are obtained. The results as follows layout of ventilation roadway in revolving stage is arc, and there are a total of 23 cycles, using modest rotation, that each cycle angle is about 2 degrees, while under and upper expert advances at speed, of which the proportion is 111. Aiming at the problems that may occur, it also develops a series of strong measures, which includes controlling revolving center, preventing hydraulic support extrusion, Slanting Support and so on, to ensure safe mining. On this basis, the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement are carried out to study the characteristics of strata pressure in the revolving mining stage. The results as follows 1For the speed of the under expert is much larger than that of the unpper expert, along the trend and tendency, there is a great difference between mining room and mining influence area in the same period. At the same time, in influence area of the triangle curved roof in the head area, With the increase of mining step, the farther where area is away from the center of rotation, the larger the area of the hanging plate is. It is jointly promoted to transfer underground pressure from the upper or middle of stope to the under area by two reasons above, which is called pressure transfer effect. 2As the more the region is close to rotation center, the slower advance speed is. So, more time is taken to acts on hydraulic support of under expert,which leads to its support column increases. So, working resistance of support also increases. On the contrary, the more the region is far away from rotation center, with much forward speed, the less time taken by ground stress. And thus support working resistance is small, which is called time effect. Two kinds of effects above are combined to promote the working resistance of the under expert. 3 Due to the decrease of mining speed of haulage gate, the force time is longer than normal stage, and the deation of urrounding rock increases 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT significantly, which contributs to the energy affected by mining influence be transferred outwards. Affected by this, the influence of abutment pressure and the distance from peak to coal wall increases substantially. At the same time, although movement range of roof strata in the head area has increased, which is influenced by stress concentration , but the peak value of abutment pressure changes very little. Conversely, due to rapid speed of upper expert, the force time of surrounding rock is reduced, and the accumulated energy can not be timely transferred out. Besides, the deation of surrounding rock ,the abutment pressure influence range and peak distance from the coal wall are all decreased, while the peak value of abutment pressure increases significantly. The research results of this paper, which can provide an idea to broaden the application scope of fully mechanized top coal caving under complex conditions and increase the recovery rate of mining area, also provide useful reference for similar projects and achieve good economic and social benefits. Key words revolving mining technology, stara behavior, revolving cycle, time effect 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 I 目目 录录 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 课题的提出及意义 .................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3 主要研究内容及方法 ................................................................................................ 5 1.4 技术路线 .................................................................................................................... 6 2 旋转开采可行性分析旋转开采可行性分析 ............................................................................ 7 2.1 工作面基本开采条件 ................................................................................................ 7 2.2 工作面回采巷道的布置 .......................................................................................... 10 2.3 回采巷道的支护形式 .............................................................................................. 11 2.4 转采方案的可行性研究 .......................................................................................... 12 2.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 13 3 合理转采方案的设计合理转采方案的设计 .......................................................................... 14 3.1 转采参数的确定 ...................................................................................................... 14 3.2 旋转方案 .................................................................................................................. 18 3.3 安全技术管理 .......................................................................................................... 21 3.4 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 24 4 转采阶段采场及回采巷道围岩受力分析转采阶段采场及回采巷道围岩受力分析 .......................................... 25 4.1 端头区顶板结构分析 .............................................................................................. 25 4.2 中部顶板结构分析 .................................................................................................. 32 4.3 采场支架工作阻力分析 .......................................................................................... 33 4.4 回采巷道矿压显现特征分析 .................................................................................. 36 4.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 41 5 转采区矿压显现特征的数值模拟转采区矿压显现特征的数值模拟 ...................................................... 42 5.1 目的和任务 .............................................................................................................. 42 5.2 模型的建立 .............................................................................................................. 42 5.3 转采阶段顶板压力分析 .......................................................................................... 44 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 II 5.4 巷道超前支承压力分析 .......................................................................................... 48 5.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 54 6 转采区矿压显现特征实测分析转采区矿压显现特征实测分析 .......................................................... 55 6.1 监测区域的设置 ...................................................................................................... 55 6.2 采场顶板运动规律分析 .......................................................................................... 57 6.3 巷道超前支承压力分布特征 .................................................................................. 64 6.4 巷道围岩变形分析 .................................................................................................. 66 6.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 68 7 结论及展望结论及展望 .......................................................................................... 70 7.1 主要结论 .................................................................................................................. 70 7.2 展望 .......................................................................................................................... 71 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................... 72 致致 谢谢 ...................................................................................................... 78 攻读硕士期间主要成果及科研经历攻读硕士期间主要成果及科研经历 ........................................................ 79 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 I Contents 1 Introuction .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Proposed Study and Its Significance ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Abroad ........................................................................................... 2 1.3 The Main Research Tasks ............................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Research s and Technical Routes ...................................................................................... 6 2 Feasibility Study on Revolving Mining ............................................................................ 7 2.1 Basic Mining Conditions of Face .................................................................................................. 7 2.2 Mining Roadway Layout ............................................................................................................ 10 2.3 Support of Roadway Layout .............................................................................................. 11 2.3 Support of Roadway Layout .............................................................................................. 11 2.4 Feasibility Study ......................................................................................................................... 12 2.5 Brief Summary of This Chapter .................................................................................................. 13 3 The Design of Reasonable Revolving Mining Scheme .................................................. 14 3.1 Determination of Revolving Mining Parameters ........................................................................ 14 3.2 Revolving Mining Scheme .......................................................................................................... 18 3.3 Safety Technology Management ................................................................................................. 21 3.4 Brief Summary of This Chapter .................................................................................................. 24 4 Theoretical Force Analysis on Stope and Mining Gateway in Revolving Area .......... 25 4.1 Theoretical Analysis on Roof Structure in End Area .................................................................. 25 4.2 Theoretical Analysis on Roof Structure in Middle Stope............................................................ 32 4.3 Theoretical Analysis on Working Resistance of Support in Stope .............................................. 33 4.4 Theoretical Analysis on Characteristics of Strata Behaviors in Mining Gateway ...................... 36 4.5 Brief Summary of This Chapter .........