张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷帮破坏机制及围岩稳定性控制.pdf

应用型硕士学位论文 张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷帮破坏机制及围 岩稳定性控制 Failure Mechanism and Stability Controlling on Large-cross-section Roadway Rib Embeded in Thick Seam at Zhangjiamao Coal Mine 作 者贾 飞 导 师张 农 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九五月 国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0603001） 国家自然科学基金面上项目 （51674244） 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD326 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷帮破坏机制及围 岩稳定性控制 Failure Mechanism and Stability Controlling on Large-cross-section Roadway Rib Embeded in Thick Seam at Zhangjiamao Coal Mine 作 者 贾 飞 导 师 张 农 教 授 申请学位 工程硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 岩体力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 黄艳利 评 阅 人 盲审 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 致致 谢谢 我很庆幸在研究生学习生涯中遇到了一位思维敏锐、知识渊博、和蔼可亲、 亦师亦友亦父的老师。值此硕士论文完成之际，首先谨向恩师张农教授致以诚挚 的感谢。感谢恩师近两年来在我学习、生活、工作上给与的指导和关心，在此祝 恩师身体健康、生活幸福、工作顺利。 本文是在导师张农教授的悉心指导下完成的， 论文从选题到最后审阅定稿的 每一步工作中，导师都倾注了大量的心血。此外，在找工作过程中，导师也给予 了极大的鼓励和帮助。导师对学生认真负责的态度、严谨求实的治学精神以及勤 勉的工作作风是我终身学习的榜样，让我受益终身。 时光匆匆，转眼间硕士学习生涯即将结束。回首过往，一人远离家乡踏上求 学之路，在这之中有过欢乐、迷茫、烦恼以及彷徨。然而，幸运的是我身边总有 良师益友相伴，在我遇到困难的时候他们总是给与我无私的帮助。在此，真诚的 向在我生命中出现的老师、朋友、同学、亲人真诚的道一声感谢。 感谢钱德雨副教授在论文选题以及撰写过程中给与的悉心指导； 感谢李桂臣 教授、阚甲广教授、赵一鸣老师、韩昌良老师在论文修改过程中给予的帮助，在 此一并感谢。 感谢课题组魏群博士、谢正正博士、梁东旭博士、安衍培博士、项哲博士在 论文中给与的指导和帮助，感谢李新跃硕士、姚文浩硕士、曹启龙硕士、伍业伟 硕士、王朋硕士在 FLAC 软件使用过程中提供的帮助与建议。同时，向其它在我 生活、学习上给予关心和帮助的师兄弟给与真诚的感谢。 感谢父母多年来的照顾、生活上的支持、学习上的鼓励，无限的关爱；感谢 父母的养育之恩，看着父母日渐憔悴仍起早贪黑为了儿子奔劳辛苦，已近而立之 年的我仍不能陪伴父母左右为他们分担重担、仍要父母为我担心，每每念此彻夜 难眠、 既心酸又无奈;感谢哥哥、 嫂子在我研究生学习期间对父母的照顾， 对我生 活上给与的关心和帮助。谨以此文献给我的家人，衷心的祝父母身体健康、祝哥 哥嫂子工作顺利、事业有成。 感谢在百忙之中评审论文并提出宝贵意见的各位专家老师， 鉴于作者知识结 构、能力水平有限，论文中难免出现偏颇和不足之处，恳请各位专家老师批评指 正。 最后感谢论文所有引用文献作者们的辛勤工作， 感谢所有帮助和关心过我的 人 贾飞 2019 年 5 月于徐州 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 巷帮的稳定性控制是减小顶板有效跨度保障顶板安全的重要基础。 陕西省榆 林市张家峁煤矿属于典型的浅埋厚煤层大断面， 工作面回采过程中存在巷帮破坏 严重问题， 给安全生产带来了极大的安全隐患。 本文以张家峁煤矿 5-2煤层 15207 胶运巷道工程背景，综合采用现场调研、实验室试验、理论分析、数值计算等研 究方法， 测试了张家峁矿煤体力学参数、 分析了巷帮破坏特征及其主要影响因素、 揭示了巷帮破坏机制、提出了巷道强帮支护技术设计了试验方案，分析了不同支 护方案下的巷道围岩稳定性， 得出了合理的围岩稳定性控制方案。 主要结论如下 （1）分析了巷帮破坏特征，测试了煤体力学参数 张家峁矿巷帮主要存在三种破坏形式肩角处破坏、中部鼓出、整体片落； 得到巷帮煤体的单轴抗压强度为 9.46MPa、抗拉强度 1.16MPa、内聚力 c1.57、 内摩擦角 φ18.25。 （2）分析了巷帮破坏的主要影响因素，并阐明了巷帮破坏机制。 （a）通过建立力学模型推导了巷道开挖卸荷过程中巷帮水平应力、垂直应 力、塑性区宽度、破裂区宽度以及巷帮平均水平位移量的表达式，并对掘进、回 采过程中巷帮破坏的影响因素进行了分析，得出巷帮破坏主要受煤层埋深、地应 力、 内聚力、 巷道高度、 煤体内摩擦角、 煤体弹性模量、 泊松比的影响； 利用 Design- Express 软件对巷道高度、宽度、侧压系数进行了三因素三水平试验设计，得到 各因素对于巷帮水平位移量的影响。 （b）通过三维数值软件得出了巷帮围岩运移规律。巷道掘进后，帮部一定 范围内的煤体水平应力较之原岩应力显著减少、垂直应力明显增高，其应力差将 导致巷帮发生破坏；巷帮以深 0～2m 为掘进卸荷区，且掘进稳定期间巷帮塑性 区范围为 2.5m。 （3）提出了强帮支护技术，得到了合理的巷道围岩稳定性控制方案。通过 对张家峁矿 5-2煤层 15207 回采工作面的矿压监测并结合数值分析得到通过强帮 支护控制巷道围岩稳定理论上是可行的；利用 Design-Express 软件设计了 13 种 试验方案，通过对各方案进行对比得到巷帮使用 4 根φ183000mm 螺纹钢锚杆 （间排距为 1000mm1200mm）可以有效控制塑性区范围，并通过数值计算与 原方案进行对比， 结果表明强帮支护设计方案与原支护方案相比回采帮位移减少 33.1％、煤柱帮（非回采帮）减小 55.3％，验证了方案的合理性。 该论文有图 53 幅，表 10 个，参考文献 96 篇 关键词关键词浅埋厚煤层；大断面；巷帮破坏机制；围岩控制 万方数据 II Abstract The stability control of roadway is an important foundation to reduce effective span of roof and ensure roof safety. Zhangjialao coal mine in yulin city, shaanxi province is a typical large cross-section of shallow thick coal seam. There is a serious problem of roadway failure in the mining process of working face, which brings great potential safety hazards to the safety production. This paper, taking the changs Mao 5- 2 coal mine coal seam roadway engineering background, 15207 glue comprehensive field investigation, laboratory test and theoretical analysis, numerical calculation, such as research s, test the zhangs Mao mining coal mechanical parameters, analyzes the lane for failure characteristics and the main influencing factors and reveals the lane help strong damage mechanism, and puts forward the roadway supporting technology to design the experiment scheme, analyzes the stability of roadway surrounding rock under different support scheme, the stability of surrounding rock control scheme of the reasonable. The main conclusions are as follows 1 the failure characteristics of roadway are analyzed and the mechanical parameters of coal are tested There are three main types of failure in the roadway of zhangjia-mao mine failure at the shoulder Angle, bulging in the middle, and overall slabbing; Get the lane to help the uniaxial compressive strength of coal is 9.46 MPa, 1.16 MPa tensile strength, cohesion c 1.57, internal friction Angle phi 18.25 . 2 the main influencing factors of roadway failure are analyzed, and the failure mechanism of roadway failure is clarified. a was deduced by establishing the mechanical model of roadway excavation unloading lane to help in the process of horizontal stress and vertical stress and the plastic zone width, rupture zone width and lane for the displacement of the average expression, and in the process of excavation and stoping lane help destroy the influencing factors are analyzed, concluded that lane for destruction mainly by coal seam roadway height, buried depth, ground stress, cohesion, internal friction Angle of coal, coal, the influence of elastic modulus, poissons ratio; By using design-express software, a three-factor and three-level test Design of roadway height, width and lateral pressure coefficient is carried out, and the influence of each factor on the horizontal displacement of roadway side wall is obtained. b the movement law of roadway surrounding rock is obtained through three- dimensional numerical software. After roadway driving, the horizontal stress of coal 万方数据 III mass within a certain range of the upper part is significantly reduced compared with that of the original rock, and the vertical stress is significantly increased. The stress difference will lead to the failure of the upper part of the roadway. The roadway side is 0 2m deep in the tunneling unloading zone, and the range of the plastic zone of roadway side is 2.5m in the tunneling stability period. 3 the strong support technology was proposed and a reasonable control scheme for the stability of roadway surrounding rock was obtained. Through monitoring the mine pressure of 15207 working face of the 5-2 coal seam in zhangjia-mao mine and combining with numerical analysis, it is theoretically feasible to control the stability of roadway surrounding rock through strong support. The 13 kinds of experiment was designed by using the Design - Express software solution, by means of comparing each scheme for using 4 root Ф get lane 18 x 3000 mm rebar anchor between row spacing is 1000 mm * 1200 mm can effectively control the scope of the plastic zone, and through numerical computation compared with the original plan, the results show that strong supporting Design scheme is compared with the original support scheme for stoping help displacement decreased by 33.1 and coal pillar not stoping help decreased by 55.3, the rationality of the scheme is verified. The paper 53 picture, 10 tables, and 96 references. Key wordsshallow thick seam;big cross section;failure mechanism of roadway wall;the surrounding rock control 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ........................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ........................................................................................................................ IV 图清单图清单 ....................................................................................................................... VII 表清单表清单 .......................................................................................................................... X 变量注释表变量注释表 ................................................................................................................ XI 1 绪论绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 选题背景及意义 .................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .................................................................................................... 2 1.3 主要研究内容与技术路线 .................................................................................... 7 2 张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷帮破坏特征与煤体力学性质测试张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷帮破坏特征与煤体力学性质测试 ............................... 9 2.1 巷帮煤体变形破坏 ................................................................................................ 9 2.2 张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷帮破坏特征及原因分析 ............................................ 9 2.3 煤体力学性质 ...................................................................................................... 12 2.4 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 20 3 张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷帮破坏机制及其主要影响因素张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷帮破坏机制及其主要影响因素 ................................. 21 3.1 开挖卸荷巷帮应力位移时空演化规律 .............................................................. 21 3.2 开挖卸荷巷帮破坏机理 ...................................................................................... 30 3.3 回采扰动巷帮破坏影响机制 .............................................................................. 40 3.4 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 45 4 张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷道围岩稳定性控制张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷道围岩稳定性控制 ..................................................... 46 4.1 张家峁矿厚煤层大断面巷道围岩控制现状 ...................................................... 46 4.2 巷道强帮支护技术 .............................................................................................. 48 4.3 张家峁矿巷道围岩稳定性控制数值研究 .......................................................... 50 4.4 本章小结 .............................................................................................................. 53 5 结论与不足结论与不足 ............................................................................................................. 55 5.1 主要结论 .............................................................................................................. 55 5.2 研究不足 .............................................................................................................. 56 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 57 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 63 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 64 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 65 万方数据 V Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... IV List of Figure ............................................................................................................ VII List of Table ................................................................................................................. X List of Variables ........................................................................................................ XI 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and Implications of Research .............................................................. 1 1.2 State of the Art ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Main Research Contents and Technology Roadmap ............................................... 7 2 Large-section Roadway Failure Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Coal in Thick Coal Seam of Zhangjiamao Mine ....................................................... 9 2.1 Roadway coal Deation Failure ......................................................................... 9 2.2 Feature and Causes of Roadway Failure in Thick Coal Seam in Zhangjiamao Mine ....................................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Mechanical Tests on Coals ..................................................................................... 12 2.4 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 20 3 Failure Mechanism of Large-cross-section Roadway in Thick Coal Seam of Zhangjiamao Mine and Its Main Influencing Factors ........................................... 21 3.1 Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Stress and Displacement in Roadway Excavation ..................................................................................................................................... 21 3.2 Failure Mechanisms of Roadways During Excavation .......................................... 30 3.3 The Influence of Mining Disturbance to Roadway ................................................ 40 3.4 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 45 4 Stability Control of Roadway Surrounding Rock in Large-cross-section of Thick Coal Seam in Zhang-jia-mao Mine .......................................................................... 46 4.1 Control Status of Roadway Surrounding Rock in Thick Coal Seam and Large Section in Zhangjiamao Mine ...................................................................................... 46 4.2 Technology of Roadway Rid Support .................................................................... 48 4.3 Numerical Study on Stability Control of Surrounding Rock ................................. 50 4.4 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 53 5 Conclusions and Future Research ......................................................................... 55 References ................................................................................................................... 57 Author’s Resume ........................................................................................................ 63 万方数据 VI Declaration of Thesis ................................................................................................. 64 Thesis Data Collection ............................................................................................... 65 万方数据 VII 图清单图清单 图 1-1 技术路线图 8 Figure 1-1 Technical route 8 图 2-1 煤层综合柱状图 10 Figure 2-1 Composite columnar section of coal seam 10 图 2-2 巷道帮部破坏形式 12 F