巷道底板冲击的尖点突变模型及判据.pdf

“十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0801408） 国家自然科学基金项目（51604270, 51434001） 国家重点实验室自主课题资助项目（SKLCRSM16X02） 江苏省普通高校研究生培养创新工程资助项目（KYCX17_1557） 硕士学位论文 巷道底板冲击的尖点突变模型及判据 Study of Cusp Catastrophe Modle and Criterion for The Burst Failure of Roadway Floor 作 者龚少坤 导 师牟宗龙 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一八年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明 学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名导师签名 年 月 日年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD324 学校代码 10290 UDC622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 巷道底板冲击的尖点突变模型及判据 Study of Cusp Catastrophe Modle and Criterion for The Burst Failure of Roadway Floor 作 者 龚少坤 导 师 牟宗龙 教授 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 灾害防控 答辩委员会主席 曹胜根 评 阅 人 二○一八年五月 万方数据 致谢致谢 光阴荏苒，时光飞逝，三年研究生生活也就慢慢停留在流光的岁月里，而今 蓦然回首，不禁感慨千万。在此特别感谢牟宗龙教授，引我走进了科研的殿堂。 通过牟教授的谆谆教导使我从最初对科研的懵懂到对科研的热爱， 还引导我们积 极的对待事业、生活及家庭，这必将成为我人生受之不尽的财富。牟老师的严谨 的治学态度、对学术孜孜不倦的追求是我人生不畏艰难险阻勇敢前行的榜样。从 论文的选题、构思以及反复修改都离不开牟老师悉心指导，使我能顺利完成研究 生学业的最后答卷。值此论文完成之际，谨向我的导师表达最诚挚的感谢。 研究生学习期间得到了窦林名教授、曹安业教授、巩思园副研究员、贺虎副 教授、王桂峰副研究员、何江副教授、蔡武讲师、李学伟讲师的悉心指导，老师 们扎实的专业知识以及卓越的学术见解给予我很大的帮助； 论文的顺利完成离不 开冲击矿压课题组师兄弟们的倾囊相助，感谢朱广安博士、王正义博士、张敏博 士、王盛川博士、郭文豪博士、李腾硕士、杜俊留硕士等给本文提供了宝贵的意 见与建议； 特别是刘广建博士、 沈威博士、 康凯硕士、 冯龙飞硕士、 解嘉豪硕士、 吴芸硕士、黄现成硕士等在论文思路、数据分析、数值模拟等工作上给予大力支 持，在此表示衷心的感谢；感谢研究生期间共处同一屋檐下的室友，谢谢你们的 关心与理解，愿我们的友谊长存。 感谢矿业工程学院、煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室、深部煤炭资源开 采教育部重点实验室、江苏省矿山地震监测工程实验室以及采矿系的各位领导、 老师在研究生期间学习和生活中给予的帮助。 求学到此时已有 20 个春秋，期间离不开父母的谆谆教导和默默付出，以及 朋友的关系与支持，在此对朋友和亲人再次表示诚挚的感谢。 龚少坤 2018 年 4 月 13 日 于中国矿业大学矿业科学中心 B530-2 万方数据 I 摘 要 摘 要 巷道底板冲击作为煤岩动力灾害的一种常见类型，对安全生产造成威胁。本 文分析了水平应力、物理及力学参数对底板冲击破坏的影响规律，研究得到了巷 道底板破坏的力学判据。根据尖点突变理论建立了巷道底板的突变模型，得到了 巷道底板冲击的尖点突变判别准则， 并分析了突变模型中巷道底板水平应力和位 移参量对突变状态的影响规律，划分了判别巷道底板冲击的 4 个危险等级，通过 改变巷道围岩物理力学属性及控制应力水平的方式， 提出了巷道底板冲击防治技 术措施，并在工程实践中进行了应用。 本文取得的主要结论如下 （1）分析了底板水平应力和底板岩性等对巷道底板破坏的影响规律，得到 了巷道底板破坏的力学机理及临界条件， 得出底板水平应力是由构造水平应力及 帮部煤体支承应力的转化叠加而成， 当底板水平应力超过巷道底板破坏的临界水 平应力，即 0 xx 时，就可引起底板的破坏。 （2）将巷道底板由于内层对外层粘结力的底板板梁模型，受力后形成的弯 曲结构势能等效为正弦函数形式，建立了巷道底板冲击势能的突变模型，分析了 突变模型中巷道底板冲击失稳状态的演化规律， 基于尖点突变理论对巷道底板冲 击力学模型进行了分析，得到了巷道底板冲击的充要条件为 152 3 22 p 22 23 2 p 22 121 1 13 [ ] 221241 c hE h Eh au Eh auu                   基于影响巷道底板冲击的主控因素分析， 得到了尖点突变模型中由巷道宽度 a、底板弹性模量 E 和底板水平应力 σx构成的底板冲击判识曲面，巷道底板破坏 状态可划分为稳定平衡区和突变冲击区。3 个主控因素对底板破坏状态的影响规 律为当巷道宽度 a 一定时，底板冲击破坏的临界水平应力 σx随着底板弹性模 量 E 增加而增加；当巷道弹性模量 E 一定时，冲击破坏的临界水平应力 σx随着 巷道宽度 a 增加而减小。 （3）基于巷道底板冲击破坏临界条件构建了 FLAC3D数值模型，分析了巷 道宽度 a、 底板弹性模量 E 和底板水平应力 σx与底板位移的相互影响关系， 得到 了在巷道底板冲击破坏临界条件下，底板位移与底板宽度为负相关关系，与底板 弹性模量为正相关关系。 （4）基于巷道底板破坏突变准则及各个控制参量之间的相互关系，得到了 万方数据 II 以底板水平应力、 底板位移和底板弹性模量为指标的冲击危险三维判识曲面模型 及判识准则，并将判识曲面模型划分为无危险、弱危险、中等危险和强危险 4 个 危险区域，用于判识巷道底板冲击危险性。 通过采用微震监测、 CT 反演和钻屑监测等方法对郭家河煤矿 1307 工作面巷 道围岩应力水平进行了实测分析， 根据巷道底板冲击危险三维判识曲面模型及判 识准则，对巷道底板冲击危险性进行了判识，并根据影响底板冲击危险的主控因 素分析，采用底板卸压等方式有效降低了底板冲击危险性。 本论文有图 55 幅，表 17 个，参考文献 101 篇。 关键词关键词底板冲击；尖点突变模型；判别准则；控制变量；预警 万方数据 III Abstract Roadway floor burst is a common type of coal and rock dynamic disaster, which is a threat to safety production. In this paper, the effects of horizontal stress, physical and mechanical parameters on floor burst failure are analyzed, and the mechanical criterion is obtained. Based on catastrophe theory, the cusp catastrophe model of roadway floor is established, and the catastrophe criterion of roadway floor burst is obtained. Based on the influence of horizontal stress and displacement parameters of roadway floor on the catastrophe state in the model, four dangerous grades of floor burst are divided. By changing the physical and mechanical properties and the way of controlling the stress level in surrounding rock, the technical measures for roadway floor burst control are put forward and applied in engineering practice. The main conclusions are as follows 1 The influence rule of floor horizontal stress and lithology on roadway floor failure is analyzed. The mechanical mechanism and critical condition of roadway floor failure are obtained. It is concluded that the horizontal stress in the roadway floor is superimposed by the original horizontal stress, the structure horizontal stress and the support stress of the coal body. When the stress of floor exceeds the critical horizontal stress, it will cause the floor failure. 2 The bending structure potential energy of floor rock, which is ed by the cohesion between inner layer and outer layer, is equivalent to the of sine function. The potential energy catastrophe model of roadway floor burst is established. The evolution rules of the floor burst instability in the catastrophe model are analyzed, and the mechanical model of floor burst is analyzed based on the point mutation theory, finally the necessary and sufficient condition for the floor burst is obtained, 152 3 22 p 22 23 2 p 22 121 1 13 [ ] 221321 c hE h Eh au Eh auu                   Based on the analysis of the main factors affecting the floor burst, the floor burst recognition surface is obtained which is composed of the roadway width a, the elastic modulus E and the horizontal stress σx of the floor. The failure state of roadway floor can be divided into a stable equilibrium and a catastrophic punching zone. The influence of the three main control factors on the failure state indicates that when the 万方数据 IV roadway width keeps a, the critical horizontal stress of the roadway burst failure increases with the increasing modulus elasticity E; and when the elastic modulus of roadway keeps E, the critical horizontal stress of the roadway burst failure reduces with the increasing roadway width. 3 Based on the critical condition of roadway floor burst failure, the FLAC3D numerical model is constructed to analyze the interaction relationship between the floor displacement and three parameters, which are the roadway width a, the elastic modulus E and horizontal stress σx of roadway floor. Under the critical condition of the roadway floor burst failure, the floor displacement shows negative correlation with the floor width and positive correlation with the elastic modulus. 4 Based on the catastrophe criterion of the roadway floor failure and the relationship between the various control parameters, the 3D surface model and recognition criterion of the burst hazard are obtained, which contain the horizontal stress, displacement and elastic modulus of floor. The recognition surface model is divided into four kinds of risk zones to identify the roadway floor hazard, which are non risk, weak risk, medium risk and strong danger, respectively. Using the s of MS monitoring, CT inversion and drilling monitoring, the stress level of the roadway surrounding rock in the 1307 working face in Guojiahe Coal Mine is measured and analyzed. According to the 3D recognition surface model and the identification criterion of the burst hazard in the roadway floor, the burst hazard in the roadway floor is identified. Based on the main control factor, the of stress release is carried out and the floor burst risk is reduced effectively. This thesis has 55 figures, 17 tables and 101 references. Keywords floor burst; cusp catastrophe model; discriminate criterion; control variable; early warning 万方数据 V 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 .................................................................................................................................... I 目录目录 ..................................................................................................................................... III 图清单图清单 ................................................................................................................................. IX 表清单表清单 .............................................................................................................................. XIII 变量注释表变量注释表 ...................................................................................................................... XIV 1 绪论绪论 ....................................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题背景及意义 ..............................................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..............................................................................................................2 1.3 主要研究内容 ..................................................................................................................6 1.4 研究方法 ..........................................................................................................................7 1.5 研究路线 ..........................................................................................................................8 2 巷道底板水平与垂直应力转化规律巷道底板水平与垂直应力转化规律 ..................................................................................9 2.1 巷道底板破坏类型及影响因素 .......................................................................................9 2.2 巷道底板水平与垂直应力分析 ..................................................................................... 11 2.3 小结 ............................................................................................................................... 13 3 巷道底板冲击的尖点突变模型及判据巷道底板冲击的尖点突变模型及判据 ............................................................................ 14 3.1 尖点突变理论 ................................................................................................................ 14 3.2 巷道底板力学模型及尖点突变理论分析 ...................................................................... 15 3.3 巷道底板突变冲击判据及临界条件 ............................................................................. 21 3.4 小结 ............................................................................................................................... 24 4 巷道底板冲击应力及位移演化规律巷道底板冲击应力及位移演化规律 ................................................................................ 25 4.1 引言 ............................................................................................................................... 25 4.2 数值模型的建立 ............................................................................................................ 25 4.3 巷道底板突变临界条件下围岩应力演化规律 .............................................................. 28 4.4 巷道底板突变临界条件下底板位移量的规律 .............................................................. 32 4.5 巷道底板突变临界水平应力与底板位移特征 .............................................................. 35 4.6 小结 ............................................................................................................................... 37 5 巷道底板冲击危险等级划分及判别准则巷道底板冲击危险等级划分及判别准则 ........................................................................ 39 万方数据 VI 5.1 引言 ............................................................................................................................... 39 5.2 底板冲击水平应力的监测 ............................................................................................. 39 5.3 巷道底板冲击危险等级划分及预警 ............................................................................. 43 5.4 小结 ............................................................................................................................... 48 6 工程案例工程案例 .......................................................................................................................... 50 6.1 引言 ............................................................................................................................... 50 6.2 巷道底板突变冲击实例分析 ......................................................................................... 50 6.3 巷道底板突变冲击危险区域防治 ................................................................................. 61 6.4 小结 ............................................................................................................................... 68 7 主要结论主要结论 .......................................................................................................................... 70 参考文献参考文献 .............................................................................................................................. 72 作者简历作者简历 .............................................................................................................................. 78 学位论文原创声明学位论文原创声明 ............................................................................................................... 79 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ................................................................................................................... 80 万方数据 VII Contents Abstract .............................................................................................................................. III Contents ............................................................................................................................. VII List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... IX List of tables ..................................................................................................................... XIII List of Variables .............................................................................................................. XIV 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Research significance and Background of Thesis ...............................................................1 1.2 Present Research ................................................................................................................2 1.3 Research Contents .............................................................................................................6 1.4 Research Approaches .........................................................................................................7 1.5 Research Route ..................................................................................................................8 2 The Transation Law of Horizontal and Vertical Stress of Roadway Floor..............9 2.1 The Type and Influencing Factors of Floor Failure in Roadway .........................................9 2.2 Horizontal and Vertical Stress Analysis of Roadway Floor ............................................... 11 2.3 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 13 3 Cusp Catastrophe Model and Criterion of Impact of Roadway Floor ........................... 14 3.1 The theory of Cusp Catastrophe ....................................................................................... 14 3.2 Mechanical Model of Roadway Floor and Analysis of Cusp Catastrophe Theory ............. 15 3.3 Abrupt Impact Criterion an