深部软岩巷道合理喷层厚度确定.pdf

分类号 TU45 密级公开单位代码 10878 学号 20153301048 硕士学位论文硕士学位论文论文题目论文题目深部软岩巷道合理喷层厚度确定深部软岩巷道合理喷层厚度确定学科门类学科门类工学硕士工学硕士学科专业学科专业防灾减灾工程及防护工程防灾减灾工程及防护工程研究方向研究方向地下结构地下结构计算计算理论与应用理论与应用作者姓名作者姓名胡胡雪雪导师姓名导师姓名吴德义吴德义完成完成时间时间 20182018 年年 3 3 月月万方数据深部软岩巷道合理喷层厚度确定深部软岩巷道合理喷层厚度确定 The reasonable thickness of shotcrete layer in deep soft rock roadway 学科门类学科门类工学硕士工学硕士学科专业学科专业防灾减灾工程及防护工程防灾减灾工程及防护工程研究方向研究方向地下结构地下结构计算计算理论与应用理论与应用作者姓名作者姓名胡胡雪雪导师姓名导师姓名吴德义吴德义完成时间完成时间 20182018 年年 3 3 月月万方数据万方数据万方数据安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 - I - 摘要随着能源需求越来愈大，煤炭开采规模也越来愈大，开挖深度越来越深。在我国煤炭开采过程中，有将近 53的矿区开采深度达到 800 米以上，而深部巷道 70布置在软弱煤层中。采取一定的措施来保障巷道围岩的稳定性对于煤矿的开挖建设和生产有着重要的经济利益与安全价值。本文运用 FLAC3D 数值模拟结合理论分析的研究方法, 建立合理应变软化模型。采用数值模拟方法分析研究不同喷层厚度巷道围岩塑性范围及位移场、应力场分布，并分析在不同埋深和不同断面尺寸条件下，喷层厚度对巷道稳定性的影响。本文选取的巷道埋深分别为 600.0m、800.0m、1000.0m。巷道断面为直墙半圆拱，尺寸分为三种情况宽度 6m，直墙高 3m，半圆拱半径 3m，记为断面 1; 宽度 8m，直墙高 4m，半圆拱半径 4m，记为断面 2；宽度 10m，直墙高 5m，半圆拱半径 5m，记为断面 3。模拟混凝土喷层厚度分别为 0.0mm、 20.0mm、 50.0mm、 70.0mm、100.0mm、200.0mm、300.0mm、400.0mm 时巷道围岩位移场、应力场以及塑性圈分布规律。通过数值模拟实验，得到以下结果（1）当巷道围岩埋置深度相同，随着围岩断面尺寸的增加，喷层厚度的大小对巷道围岩的稳定性影响越来越明显，其中喷层厚度对巷道表面位移控制的效果是最为明显。当巷道断面尺寸相同，随着围岩埋深的增加，喷层厚度的大小对巷道围岩稳定性的影响越来越明显，其中喷层厚度对巷道表面位移控制的效果也是最为明显。（2）对于断面尺寸相同的深部软岩巷道，当埋深为 800.0m1000.0m 的时候，合理喷层厚度为 200.0mm，随着埋深的继续增加，喷层厚度对于围岩稳定性的影响已经不大。对于埋深相同的深部软岩巷道（文本以巷道埋深 800.0m 为例），随着巷道断面尺寸的增加，合理喷层厚度维持在 200.0mm 左右，当断面尺寸继续增大的时候，喷层厚度对于围岩稳定性的影响已经不大。（3）不同的混凝土喷层厚度围岩在直墙与半圆拱相交接的地方，围岩的位移场、应力场以及塑性范围都相对较大，所以此位置是最易受损破碎的位置，应根据该部位围岩稳定所需强度选择支护形式及参数。深部软岩巷道喷层厚度对巷道围岩关键部位塑性范围、巷道表面位移以及应力都有着显著的控制作用。图 [47] 表 [4] 参 [52] 关键词深部软岩；应变软化；塑性范围；位移量；合理喷层厚度分类号TU45 万方数据安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 - II - Abstract With the increasing demand energy, the scale of coal mining is becoming larger and the excavation depth is becoming deeper. Nearly 53 of the mining area in China has been mined at depths of more than 800 meters, while 70 of deep roadways are arranged in weak coal seam. Taking certain measures to guarantee the stability of roadway surrounding rock has important economic benefit and safety value to the construction and production of coal mine. The numerical model of reasonable strain softening is established by using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation with FLAC3D. Based on the numerical simulation, the plastic range and displacement field as well as stress field distribution of surrounding rock in different injection bed thickness are studied. The influence of injection thickness on the stability of roadway surrounding rock was analyzed under different depth of roadway and section size of roadway. In this paper, the depth of roadway is 600.0m, 8000.0m and 1000.0m respectively. The broken face of the roadway is a half arch of straight wall,and the section size of roadway can be divided into three situations 1 width 6m, straight wall 3m, semicircular arch 3m; 2 width 8m, straight wall 4m, semicircular arch 4m; 3 width 10m, straight wall 5m, semicircular arch 5m. The displacement field, stress field and the distribution law of plastic ring in roadway surrounding rock simulated while the thickness of concrete spray are 0.0mm, 20.0mm, 50.0mm, 70.0mm, 100.0mm, 200.0mm, 300.0mm, 400.0mm respectively. The following results were obtained by numerical simulation 1 When the embedment depth of roadway surrounding rock is the same, with the increase of surrounding rock section size, the effect of the size of the spray layer thickness on the stability of surrounding rock of roadway is more and more obvious. The effect of the spray layer thickness on surface displacement control is the most obvious. When the roadway section size is the same, with the increase of buried depth of surrounding rock, the influence of the size of the spray layer thickness of roadway surrounding rock stability is more and more obvious. The effect of the spray layer thickness of surface displacement of roadway control was the most obvious. 2 For the section size of deep roadway under the conditions of the same, when buried deeply 800.0m to 1000.0m, reasonable spray layer thickness is 200.0mm. With the continue increase of buried depth, spray layer thickness has minimal impact to the stability of surrounding rock. For the same depth of deep soft rock tunnel Taking the 万方数据安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 - III - buried depth 800.0m of excavation roadway as an example, with the increase of roadway section size, reasonable spray layer thickness is about 200.0mm. When the section size continues to increase, spray layer thickness has minimal impact to the stability of surrounding rock. 3 The plastic distribution of the surrounding rock and the displacement of the roadway surface of different injection thickness near the intersection of the straight wall and the semicircular arch, where is the key part of the roadway wall rock which is prone to instability are larger than other places. Reasonable support and parameters should be chose according to strength requirement in numerical simulation. Spray thickness of deep soft rock has significant effect on the plastic range and the displacement and stress of key part of roadway surrounding rock. Figure [47] table [4] reference [52] KeyWords deep soft rock; the reasonable thickness of shotcrete layer; strain-softening; plastic range; displacement ; Reasonable spray thickness Chinese books catalog TU45 万方数据安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 - IV - 目录摘要 .............................................................................................................. I Abstract ................................................................................................................ II 目录 ................................................................................................................. IV 插图清单 ......................................................................................................... VIII 插表清单 ............................................................................................................. X 第一章绪论 .......................................................................................................1 1.1 研究的背景以及研究的意义 ...................................................................1 1.1.1 研究的主要背景 .............................................................................1 1.1.2 研究的意义 .....................................................................................2 1.2 现阶段国内外研究状况与发展 ..............................................................3 1.2.1 巷道围岩喷层的研究现状 ..............................................................3 1.2.2 巷道围岩喷层的发展方向 ..............................................................4 1.3 本篇文章的核心内容 ..............................................................................5 1.4 主要研究路线 ..........................................................................................6 第二章岩石的基本力学特性分析 .......................................................................7 2.1 巷道围岩破坏基本规律 ...........................................................................7 2.1.1 拉裂破坏 ........................................................................................7 2.1.2 剪切破坏 ........................................................................................8 2.2 巷道围岩发生破坏时的特征 ...................................................................8 2.3 巷道围岩应力场和位移场以及弹塑性基本概念 .....................................9 2.3.1 巷道围岩应力场、位移场的基本概念 ...........................................9 2.3.2 巷道围岩岩体的弹塑性相关概念 ................................................. 10 2.4 本章小节 ............................................................................................... 11 第三章深部巷道围岩物理力学参数确定 .......................................................... 13 3.1 对实验所需试件进行取样与加工.......................................................... 13 3.1.1 对试件进行取样 ........................................................................... 13 3.1.2 对实验的标准试件进行加工的过程 ............................................. 13 3.2 巷道煤岩物理参数的测定 .................................................................... 14 3.2.1 实验方法 ...................................................................................... 14 3.2.2 对实验室所得数据进行处理 ........................................................ 15 3.3 巷道煤岩力学参数的测定 .................................................................... 16 万方数据安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 - V - 3.3.1 岩石抗压强度测定 ....................................................................... 16 3.3.2 岩石抗拉强度测定 ....................................................................... 17 3.3.3 岩石粘结力和内摩擦角测定 ........................................................ 18 3.4 本章小结 .............................................................................................. 19 第四章深部软弱煤岩巷道数值模拟 ................................................................. 20 4.1 FLAC3D 软件基本概要......................................................................... 20 4.1.1FLAC3D 软件相关介绍 ................................................................. 20 4.1.2FLAC3D 数值模拟的基本原理 ..................................................... 20 4.1.3FLAC3D 数值模拟基本模型及网格划分 ...................................... 21 4.1.4FLAC3D 数值模拟的特点 ............................................................. 23 4.2 巷道围岩本构关系 ............................................................................... 24 4.3 巷道围岩数值模型的建立 ..................................................................... 24 4.3.1 巷道围岩建模的相关原则 ............................................................ 24 4.3.2 数值计算模型的建立.................................................................... 25 4.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................... 27 第五章深部软弱煤岩巷道稳定性随喷层厚度变化模拟分析............................ 28 5.1 不同埋深下数值计算模拟及数据处理 .................................................. 28 5.1.1 不同埋深下巷道围岩位移场分布随混凝土喷层厚度变化规律 .... 28 5.1.2 不同埋深下巷道围岩应力场分布随混凝土喷层厚度变化规律 .... 32 5.1.3 不同埋深下巷道围岩塑性圈分布随混凝土喷层厚度变化规律 .... 36 5.2 不同断面下数值计算模拟及数据处理 .................................................. 38 5.2.1 不同断面下巷道围岩位移场分布随混凝土喷层厚度变化规律 .... 38 5.2.2 不同断面下巷道围岩应力场分布随混凝土喷层厚度变化规律 .... 41 5.2.3 不同断面下巷道围岩塑性圈分布随混凝土喷层厚度变化规律 .... 43 5.3 不同埋深下数值计算模拟结果分析 ...................................................... 45 5.3.1 不同埋深下巷道围岩位移随喷层厚度变化分析 .......................... 45 5.3.2 不同埋深下巷道围岩应力随喷层厚度变化分析 .......................... 47 5.3.3 不同埋深下巷道围岩塑性范围随喷层厚度变化分析 ................... 49 5.4 不同断面下数值计算模拟结果分析 ...................................................... 50 5.4.1 不同断面下巷道围岩位移随喷层厚度变化分析 .......................... 51 5.4.2 不同断面下巷道围岩应力随喷层厚度变化分析 .......................... 52 5.4.3 不同断面下巷道围岩塑性范围随喷层厚度变化分析 ................... 54 5.5 本章小结 ............................................................................................... 55 第六章结论与展望 ........................................................................................... 57 万方数据安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 - VI - 6.1 结论 ....................................................................................................... 57 6.2 展望 ....................................................................................................... 58 参考文献 ............................................................................................................ 59 致谢 .................................................................................................................. 62 作者简介及读研期间主要科研成果 ................................................................... 63 万方数据安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 - VII - Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................. I Contents ............................................................................................................. IV Illustration list ................................................................................................... VII Insert list .............................................................................................................. X Chapter1 Introduction .......................................................................................1 Chapter2 Analysis of basic mechanical characteristics of rocky ............................7 Chapter3 Deep coal and rock mechanics parameters measurement...................... 11 Chapter4 Numerical simulation of deep soft coal and rock roadway ................... 20 Chapter5 Simulation analysis on the stability of deep soft rock roadway with the thickness variation of the spray layer ................................................. 28 Chapter6 Conclusion and Prospect..................................................................... 57 Reference ............................................................................................................ 59 Thank .................................................................................................................. 62 About the Author and the main research during graduate school ............................ 63 万方数据安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 - VIII - 插图清单图 1- 1 技术路线图 ................................................................................................ 6 图 2- 1 巷道顶板拉裂破坏示意图.......................................................................... 7 图 2- 2 巷道帮部拉裂破坏示意图 ........................................................................ 7 图 2- 3 巷道底板拉裂破坏示意图.......................................................................... 8 图 2- 4 单轴应力应变曲线 ..................................................................................... 9 图 2- 5 巷道围岩破坏示意图 ............................................................................... 11 图 3- 1 对实验所需试件进行取样示意图 ............................................................ 13 图 3- 2 实验室岩石切割及切片机显示图 ............................................................ 14 图 3- 3 实验室 SCM200B 型磨平机 ..................................................................... 14 图 3- 4 实验室标准试样....................................................................................... 14 图 3- 5 JA-203N 电子天平 .................................................................................... 15 图 3- 6 DHG-9070A 烘箱 ...................................................................................... 15 图 3- 7 TAW 2000 型微机控制电液伺服岩石三轴剪切复合试验机 ..................... 16 图 3- 8 标准试件的加载以及标准试件的破坏 ..................................................... 16 图 3- 9 标准试件的加载以及标准试件的破坏 ...................