临断层区下层煤外错工作面冲击矿压防控技术研究.pdf

“十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目 2016YFC0801408 国家自然科学基金项目51874292，51604270，51434001 国家重点实验室自主课题资助项目（SKLCRSM16X02） 江苏省普通高校研究生培养创新工程资助项目（KYCX17_1557） 工程硕士学位论文 临断层区下层煤外错工作面冲击矿压 防控技术研究 Study on Rockburst Prevention and Control Technology of External Staggered Coalface in Lower Layer of Near Fault Area 作者徐大连 导师牟宗龙 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学 位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的 部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使 用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案 馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校 内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD324 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士学位论文 临断层区下层煤外错工作面冲击矿压 防控技术研究 Study on Rockburst Prevention and Control Technology of External Staggered Coalface in Lower Layer of Near Fault Area 作 者 徐大连 导 师 牟宗龙 教授 申请学位 工程硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 矿山压力 答辩委员会主席 徐金海 评 阅 人 盲审 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 Thesis approval identification 研究生 徐大连 在规定的学习年限内， 按照研究生培养方案的 要求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学 位论文，经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论 文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定， 同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送 专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致谢致谢 四季流转，岁月穿梭，转眼间在中国矿业大学的学习生活已接近尾声，回望 在百年名校的学习经历，可谓甘苦交融，感慨万千。在付出了大量时间和精力的 同时，也收获了成就感，掌握了更多的知识，提高了科研能力。 在此，要感谢我的导师牟宗龙教授，他严肃的科学态度，严谨的治学精神， 精益求精的工作作风， 深深地感染和激励着我。 从课题的选择到论文的最终完成， 牟宗龙教授都始终给予我细心的指导和不懈的支持。入学以来，牟教授不仅在学 业上给我以精心指导，同时还在思想、生活上给我以无微不至的关怀，在此谨向 牟教授致以诚挚的谢意和崇高的敬意。 论文能够顺利完成还要感谢冲击矿压课题组老师以及师兄、师弟们的帮助， 忠心感谢窦林名教授、牟宗龙教授、贺虎副教授、沈威博士在论文结构上给予的 指导，感谢杨景硕士、徐跃强硕士在资料收集、数据分析方面做出的工作和提供 的帮助。在矿大的学习和生活弥足珍贵，点点滴滴，此生难忘，在此向他们表示 由衷的感谢。 感谢矿业工程学院、煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室的各位老师、领导 给予的帮助和指导。 感谢徐矿集团张双楼煤矿的各位领导、工程技术人员，尤其是集团公司生产 副总师刘思佳，张双楼煤矿矿长董世刚，总工程师罗武贤，徐矿集团生产调度指 挥中心何岗、李普红、曹习华等各位领导给予的支持与鼓励，感谢他们在论文完 成过程中给予的无微不至的关怀。 感谢本论文中所有引用文献的作者。 最后，感谢论文的评审和答辩专家，感谢你们在百忙之中评阅本论文，衷心 希望得到你们的指导和帮助恭祝各位评审和专家一切顺利安康百年矿大，源 远流长，母校培育，刻骨铭心。 徐大连 2019 年 5 月 20 日 于中国矿业大学矿业科学中心 B530-2 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 多煤层工作面开采时，上下两层工作面多呈错动式布局（内错式和外错式） 。 下层煤回采至大断层附近时，易形成临断层错动工作面。张双楼煤矿 9 煤层的 9119 工作面位于 7 煤层 7119 工作面采空区和 F9 大断层保护煤柱正下方，靠近 F9 大断层，在回采 9119 工作面时，不仅受到上层 7 煤断层煤柱的高静载作用， 还受到 F9 大断层及多层煤覆岩的强动载作用，形成了临断层区下煤层外错工作 面，冲击危险较高。基于此，本文以张双楼煤矿 9119 工作面（临断层区下煤层 外错工作面）为研究对象，首先采用分析研究了临断层区下煤层外错工作面的应 力场及结构稳定性特征，然后以 9119 工作面地质概况为背景进行数值模拟，设 计了临断层侧巷道的合理布置位置， 并结合微震监测数据分析了临断层区下煤层 外错工作面微震活动规律， 最后提出了临断层区下煤层外错工作面冲击矿压的防 控对策并进行现场应用。得出如下结论 （1）理论分析了临断层外错工作面的应力场和结构稳定性特征。断层区下 煤层外错 9119 工作面应力场主要是由自重应力场、支承应力场和构造应力场构 成，覆岩层结构呈短臂“T”型结构和短臂“F”型结构，其动静载来源主要为 7 煤覆岩运动的动载荷、断层滑移的动载荷、9 煤覆岩运动的动载荷、7 煤断层 煤柱的静载荷和 9 煤断层煤柱的静载荷， 多场多载荷叠加后冲击危险位置主要集 中在见方、断层、褶曲、停采线附近。 （2）优化了断层区下煤层外错 9119 工作面巷道的布置位置。FLAC3D 数值 模拟结果表明，距离断层 40100m 的 7 煤煤柱下方应力高，静载大；布置的回 风平巷与断层越近，巷道掘进前后应力变化越明显；回风平巷布置位置的选择对 掘进期间断层煤柱区应力的影响较小，对回采期间巷道的应力有一定影响，其整 体应力增加 2030。从断层滑移量角度分析，回风平巷与断层的距离越大， 断层滑移量越小。 综合考虑断层滑移量、 断层煤柱区、 回风平巷应力分布等因素， 建议将巷道布置在距离断层较远的煤柱下方，与断层距离保持在 5070m 之间。 （3） 基于断层区下煤层外错 9119 工作面采掘期间微震数据分析得到了 9119 工作面微震活动规律。临断层区下煤层外错 9119 工作面掘进期间，矿震主要集 中在巷道掘进前半段及两条断层中间位置，巷道后半部分矿震数量较少；回采期 间， 矿震主要集中在回风平巷， 矿震数量明显大于运输平巷， 且主要位于 0300m 和 510704m 范围内，前部分范围为煤柱影响，后部分范围主要为煤柱和断层的 综合影响区。 （4）结合断层区下煤层外错工作面冲击特征，得到了针对 9119 工作面的冲 击矿压防控技术。采用掘进全断面卸压、煤柱边缘区冲击防控技术、回采坚硬顶 板切割技术以及采用合理的回采速度等技术， 在实际工程中可以有效降低大能量 万方数据 II 矿震发生几率。 本论文研究成果能够有效地指导 9119 工作面的安全高效生产。同时也为相 关的临断层外错工作面防冲设计提供理论支撑和技术指导。 本论文有图 41 幅，表 14 个，参考文献 90 篇。 关键词关键词断层煤柱；外错工作面；冲击矿压；防控技术；动静载 万方数据 III Abstract When the multi-coal working face is mined, the upper and lower working faces are mostly in a dislocation layout internal and external. When the lower coal is recovered to the vicinity of the large fault, it is easy to a faulty working face. The 9119 working face of the 9-coal seam of Zhangshuanglou Coal Mine is located at the 7119-coal face of the 7 coal seam and directly below the F9 large fault protection coal pillar. It is close to the F9 large fault. When the 9119 working face is recovered, it is not only affected by the upper 7 coal fault coal pillar. The high static load is also affected by the strong dynamic load of the F9 large fault and the multi-layer coal overburden, ing a faulty working face under the coal seam in the fault zone, and the impact risk is high. Based on this, this paper takes the 9119 working face of Zhangshuanglou Coal Mine the outer coal seam working face in the fault zone as the research object. Firstly, the stress field and structural stability characteristics of the faulty working face under the coal seam in the fault zone are analyzed. Then, based on the geological profile of 9119 working face, the numerical simulation is carried out, and the reasonable arrangement position of the side roadway along the fault is designed. Combined with the micro-seismic monitoring data, the micro-seismic activity law of the faulty working face under the coal seam in the fault zone is analyzed. Finally, the fault zone is proposed. The prevention and control measures for the impact rock pressure on the wrong working face of the lower coal seam are applied on site. The following conclusions are drawn This paper analyses the stress field and structural stability characteristics of the external staggered coalface along faults, designs the rational layout of the roadway facing faults, studies the micro-seismic activity law, and puts forward the prevention and control measures for the rock burst and its field application at the external staggered coalface along faults. The results are as follows 1 Theoretical analysis of the stress field and structural stability characteristics of the fault surface outside the fault. The stress field of the 9119 working face in the fault zone is mainly composed of the self-heavy stress field, the supporting stress field and the tectonic stress field. The overburden structure is a short arm “T“ structure and a short arm “F“ structure. The main sources are dynamic load of 7 coal overburden movement, dynamic load of fault slip, dynamic load of 9 coal overburden movement, static load of 7 coal fault coal pillar and static load of 9 coal fault coal pillar. After the 万方数据 IV load is superimposed, the dangerous position of the impact is mainly concentrated near the square, fault, fold, and stop line. 2 The layout position of the 9119 working face roadway outside the coal seam under the fault zone was optimized. The numerical simulation results of FLAC3D show that the stress below the 7-coal coal pillars with a fault of 40100m is high and the static load is large. The closer the return airway is to the fault, the more obvious the stress changes before and after the roadway excavation; The selection has little influence on the stress of the fault coal pillar during the excavation, and has a certain influence on the stress of the roadway during the mining, and the overall stress increases by 2030. From the angle of fault slip, the greater the distance between the return airway and the fault, the smaller the slippage of the fault. Considering factors such as fault slip, fault coal pillar area and return airway stress distribution, it is recommended to arrange the roadway below the coal pillar far from the fault, and the distance between the fault and the fault is kept between 5070m. 3 Based on the micro-seismic data during the excavation of the 9119 working face of the coal seam outside the fault zone, the micro-seismic activity law of the 9119 working face was obtained. During the excavation of the 9119 working face in the fault zone, the mines are mainly concentrated in the first half of the roadway and the middle of the two faults. The number of mines in the second half of the roadway is small. The mines are mainly concentrated in the return air level. The number of mines and mines is obviously larger than that of transport roadways, and it is mainly located in the range of 0300m and 510704m. The er part is the influence of coal pillars, and the latter part is mainly the comprehensive influence zone of coal pillars and faults. 4 Combined with the impact characteristics of the faulty working face under the coal seam under the fault zone, the impact mine pressure prevention and control technology for the 9119 working face was obtained. The use of tunnel full-face pressure relief, coal pillar edge zone impact prevention and control technology, mining hard roof cutting technology and the use of reasonable mining speed and other technologies can effectively reduce the probability of large energy mines in actual engineering. The research results of this paper can effectively guide the safe and efficient production of NO.9119 working face. At the same time, it also provides theoretical and technical guidance for the relevant rock burst prevention design of the external 万方数据 V staggered layout coalface along fault. The thesis has 41 figures, 14 tables, 90 references. Keywords fault pillar; stagger layout coalface; rock burst; prevention and control technology; static and dynamic load 万方数据 VI 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 .......................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ....................................................................................................................... VI 图清单图清单 ......................................................................................................................... X 表清表清单单 .................................................................................................................... XIV 变量注释表变量注释表 .............................................................................................................. XV 1 绪论绪论 .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景及意义.................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究现状综述........................................................................................................ 2 1.3 主要研究内容........................................................................................................ 5 1.4 技术路线................................................................................................................ 6 2 临断层区下层煤外错工作面应力及结构临断层区下层煤外错工作面应力及结构分析分析 ...................................................... 7 2.1 区域概况................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 工作面应力场及覆岩特征分析.......................................................................... 11 2.3 工作面动载源和静载源分析.............................................................................. 17 2.4 本章小结.............................................................................................................. 21 3 临断层区下层煤外错工作面巷道优化布置临断层区下层煤外错工作面巷道优化布置 ........................................................ 22 3.1 数值模型建立...................................................................................................... 22 3.2 模拟结果分析...................................................................................................... 25 3.3 回风平巷的合理位置.......................................................................................... 32 3.4 本章小结.............................................................................................................. 33 4 临断层区下煤层外错工作面微震活动临断层区下煤层外错工作面微震活动规律规律 ........................................................ 34 4.1 掘进期间微震活动规律...................................................................................... 34 4.2 回采期间微震活动规律...................................................................................... 38 4.3 本章小结.............................................................................................................. 45 5 临断层区下煤层外错工作面冲击矿压防控技术临断层区下煤层外错工作面冲击矿压防控技术 ................................................ 47 5.1 掘进全断面卸压技术.......................................................................................... 47 5.2 煤柱边缘区冲击防控技术.................................................................................. 54 5.3 回采坚硬顶板切割技术...................................................................................... 56 5.4 回采速率确定...................................................................................................... 60 万方数据 VII 5.5 措施总结.............................................................................................................. 60 5.6 防治效果分析...................................................................................................... 61 5.7 本章小结.............................................................................................................. 62 6 主要结论主要结论 ................................................................................................................ 64 参考文献参考文献 .................................................................................................................... 66 作者简历作者简历 .................................................................................................................... 72 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................ 73 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ........................................................................................................ 74 万方数据 VIII Contents Abstract ..................................................................................................................... III Contents ................................................................................................................. VIII List of Figures ............................................................................................................. X List of Tables .......................................................................................................... XIV List of Variables....................................................................................................... XV 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Research Significance and Background of Thesis .................................................. 1 1.2 Present Research ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Main Research Contents ......................................................................................... 5 1.4 Technical Route ....................................................................................................... 6 2 Stress and Structural Analysis of External Staggered Coalface in Lower Layer of Near Fault Area ....................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Profiles of Area ................