东庞矿孤岛工作面沿空掘巷围岩控制技术研究.pdf

工程硕士专业学位论文 东庞矿孤岛工作面沿空掘巷围岩控制技术 研究 Research on Surrounding Rock Control Technology of Roadway Driving along Goaf of Island Coal Face in Dongpang Coal Mine 作 者廖鹏 导 师柏建彪 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰 写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位 论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电 子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和 科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书 馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国 国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 工程硕士专业学位论文 东庞矿孤岛工作面沿空掘巷围岩控制 技术研究 Research on Surrounding Rock Control Technology of Roadway Driving along Goaf of Island Coal Face in Dongpang Coal Mine 作 者 廖鹏 导 师 柏建彪 申请学位 工学硕士专业学位 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 矿业工程 研究方向 岩石力学与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 曹安业 评 阅 人 盲评 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 致谢致谢 本篇论文是在导师柏建彪教授悉心指导下完成的，从论文选题、思路形成到 最后论文完成的整个过程中，都给予了学生很大的帮助与指导。柏建彪教授严谨 务实的治学态度， 平易近人的待人接物的处事方式给学生树立起潜移默化的典范 作用，培养了学生正确的学习方法与态度，锻炼了学生的自主学习能力。此外， 导师还在生活上给予了学生细致的关怀。 在此，谨向导师柏建彪教授致以衷心的感谢 在论文写作过程中闫帅副教授在论文构思、选题中给予的悉心指导与帮助， 在此致以由衷的感谢 同时感谢课题组的师兄弟们和室友们， 两年来， 从你们各位的身上受益良多， 同样感谢在论文写作过程中你们给予的帮助，感恩你们的陪伴与鼓励。 东庞矿生产技术科工作人员在现场试验过程中给予了积极帮助， 使论文得以 顺利完成，向他们表示衷心的感谢 感谢家人对我学业的支持与鼓励，你们无私的爱和关怀我将铭记于心，无以 言表。 最后，感谢百忙之中评阅我的硕士论文和出席论文答辩的各位专家、教授。 正是有了大家的指导、关心、帮助、理解和支持，论文才得以顺利完成。 在此，深表感谢 廖鹏 二〇一九年五月于中国矿业大学 万方数据 I 摘要摘要 在我国许多煤矿由于采区内工作面回采常采用跳采接续方式， 普遍存在孤岛 工作面，由于孤岛工作面存在应力集中，矿压显现较一般工作面剧烈，来压强度 相比较常规工作面高， 常规的巷道围岩支护技术难以控制巷道围岩变形， 导致巷 道支护困难，影响工作面推进速度。采用合理技术解决孤岛工作面回采，对提高 采区煤炭资源回采率， 延长矿井的服务年限， 避免煤炭资源浪费， 具有重要意义。 论文以东庞矿 21215 孤岛工作面轨道巷为工程背景，通过理论分析，并结合数值 模拟对比验证，现场工业性试验实测等方式，分析研究了孤岛工作面沿空掘巷的 巷道围岩变形规律和煤柱内的应力分布规律， 合理煤柱宽度的确定和巷道围岩支 护参数的设计优化。通过研究主要取得以下成果 （1）通过数值模拟得到孤岛工作面形成时的应力分布特征，从工作面中间 到煤柱边缘垂直应力分布呈现对称分布，其应力分布形态为“马鞍”形。 （2）通过理论计算得到了 6.58m 的最小合理煤柱宽度，并通过数值模拟分 析了巷道掘进期间和工作面回采期间煤柱宽度对煤柱应力分布的影响规律和煤 柱宽度对巷道围岩变形的影响规律，最终确定了 7m 合理的煤柱宽度。 （3）通过现场的巷道围岩钻孔窥视结果得到巷道不稳定岩层高度，计算确 定了锚索支护长度。 （4）通过理论计算确定锚杆的长度和载荷大小，并根据计算结果确定了锚 杆的长度为 2.4m， 锚杆型号为 BHRB400 高强度左旋无纵筋全螺纹钢锚杆。 通过 数值模拟分析了锚杆长度和间排距对巷道支护效果的影响， 确定了巷道的支护参 数和支护形式。 （5）将巷道围岩控制技术方案在现场进行工业性试验，归纳分析了现场矿 压监测数据，通过对巷道围岩变形量的观测和锚杆（索）的受力监测，在巷道掘 进期间巷道围岩变形量较小，锚杆（索）受力稳定，支护技术方案有效控制了巷 道围岩变形，提高了围岩的稳定性，很好控制了巷道围岩变形。 本篇论文内包含图片 46 幅，表格 6 个，参考文献 81 篇。 关键关键词词孤岛工作面；沿空掘巷；煤柱宽度；支护技术 万方数据 II Abstract In many coal mines in China, due to the frequent use of hopping and mining s between mining areas, there is a common island working face. Due to the stress concentration in the working face of the island, the mine pressure appears to be more severe than the general working surface, and the compressive strength is higher than that of the conventional working surface. The surrounding rock support technology of the roadway is difficult to control the deation of the surrounding rock of the roadway, which makes the roadway support difficult and affects the advancement speed of the working face. It is of great significance to use reasonable technology to solve the picking of the working face of the island, to improve the recovery rate of coal resources in the mining area, extend the service life of the mine and avoid waste of coal resources. The paper takes the track road of 21215 isolated working face of Dongpang Mine as the engineering background. Through theoretical analysis, combined with numerical simulation and verification, field industrial test and other s, the deation law of surrounding rock of roadway along the goaf is studied. The stress distribution characteristics in the coal pillar, the determination of the reasonable coal pillar width and the design optimization of the surrounding rock support parameters of the roadway. Through research, we mainly found the following rules 1 The stress distribution characteristics of the island working face are obtained by numerical simulation. The vertical stress distribution from the middle of the working face to the edge of the coal pillar is symmetrically distributed, and the stress distribution is “saddle”. 2 The minimum reasonable coal pillar width of 6.58m is obtained by theoretical calculation, and the influence law of coal pillar width on coal pillar stress distribution and coal pillar width on roadway surrounding rock during roadway excavation and working face mining are analyzed by numerical simulation. The influence law of deation finally determined the reasonable coal pillar width of 7m. 3 The height of the unstable rock stratum is obtained by the peeping results of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the length of the anchor support is calculated and determined. 4 Determine the length and load of the bolt by theoretical calculation, and according to the calculation results, the length of the bolt is 2.4m, the bolt type is BHRB400, and the high-strength left-handed non-longitudinal full-thread steel anchor is analyzed by numerical simulation. The influence of bolt length and spacing on the 万方数据 III roadway support effect determines the support parameters and support of the roadway. 5 Carrying out the industrial test of the surrounding rock control technology of the roadway, summarizing and analyzing the on-site mine pressure monitoring data, and observing the deation of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the force monitoring of the anchor cable during the roadway excavation The surrounding rock deation of the roadway is small, and the anchor cable is stable. The support technical scheme effectively controls the surrounding rock deation of the roadway, improves the stability of the surrounding rock, and controls the deation of the surrounding rock of the roadway. This paper contains 46 pictures, 6 tables, and 81 references. Key words Isloated island of working face; Roadway driving along goaf; width of Coal pillar; Support technology 万方数据 IV 目录目录 摘要摘要 ............................................................................................................................... I I 目录目录 ............................................................................................................................. IVIV 图清单图清单 ..................................................................................................................... VIIIVIII 表清单表清单 ......................................................................................................................... XIXI 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................... XIIXII 1 1 绪论绪论 ............................................................................................................................ 1 1 1.1 课题研究背景及意义.............................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状...................................................................................................... 1 1.3 主要研究内容.......................................................................................................... 3 1.4 研究方法及技术路线.............................................................................................. 4 2 2 工程地质概况工程地质概况 ............................................................................................................ 6 2.1 矿井简介.................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 实验室围岩力学参数测试...................................................................................... 7 2.3 数值计算模型的建立.............................................................................................. 8 2.4 本章小结................................................................................................................ 11 3 3 沿空掘巷窄煤柱合理宽度的研究确定沿空掘巷窄煤柱合理宽度的研究确定 .................................................................. 1212 3.1 孤岛工作面沿空掘巷窄煤柱合理宽度的理论计算............................................ 12 3.2 孤岛工作面沿空掘巷煤柱稳定性数值模拟研究................................................ 14 3.3 本章小结................................................................................................................ 32 4 4 孤岛工作面沿空掘巷围岩控制技术研究孤岛工作面沿空掘巷围岩控制技术研究 .............................................................. 3333 4.1 锚杆支护控制机理................................................................................................ 34 4.2 锚杆支护形式和参数选择原则............................................................................ 35 4.3 工作面巷道锚杆支护设计优化............................................................................ 36 4.4 锚索支护参数设计................................................................................................ 38 4.5 锚杆支护参数设计................................................................................................ 41 4.6 支护参数的确定.................................................................................................... 53 4.7 本章小结................................................................................................................ 54 5 5 工业性试验工业性试验 .............................................................................................................. 5656 5.1 轨道巷掘进期间矿压监测结果分析.................................................................... 56 5.2 本章小结................................................................................................................ 60 6 6 主要结论主要结论 .................................................................................................................. 6161 万方数据 V 参考参考文献文献 ..................................................................................................................... 6363 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 6868 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 6969 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 7070 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ......................................................................................................................VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ...............................................................................................................XI List of Variables........................................................................................................ XII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and Significance of Research Project .................................................. 1 1.2 Current Research Situation at Home and Aboard .................................................... 1 1.3 Main Research Content ............................................................................................ 3 1.4 Research s and Technical Routes ................................................................. 4 2 Engineering Survey ................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Mine Introduction .................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Laboratory Surrounding Rock Mechanics Parameter Test ...................................... 7 2.3 Establishment of Numerical Calculation Model ...................................................... 8 2.4 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 11 3 Study on the Reasonable Width of Narrow Coal Pillars Along Goaf Roadway 12 3.1 Theoretical Calculation of Reasonable Width of Narrow Coal Pillars Along an Empty Roadway in an Island Working Face ................................................................ 12 3.2 Numerical Simulation Study on Stability of Coal Pillars Along Goaf in Island Working Face ............................................................................................................... 14 3.3 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 32 4 Research on Surrounding Rock Control Technology of Gateway Driving Along the Goaf ....................................................................................................................... 33 4.1 Bolt Support Control Mechanism .......................................................................... 34 4.2 Bolt Support and Parameter Selection Principle ........................................... 35 4.3 Optimization of Bolt Support Design for Working Face Roadway ....................... 36 4.4 Design of Anchor Cable Support Parameters for Working Face ........................... 38 4.5 Bolt Support Parameter Design ............................................................................. 41 4.6 Determination of Support Parameters .................................................................... 53 4.7 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 54 5 Engineering Practice ............................................................................................... 56 5.1 Monitoring Results and Analysis of Mine Pressure during Track Tunneling ........ 56 万方数据 VII 5.2 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................. 60 6 Main Conclusions .................................................................................................... 61 References ................................................................................................................... 63 Author’s Resume ........................................................................................................ 68 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................. 69 Thesis Data Collection ............................................................................................... 70 万方数据 VIII 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 论文研究路线图 5 Figure 1-1 Paper research roadmap 5 图 2-1 21215 孤岛工作面采掘工程平面图 6 Figure 2-1 the plan of mining engineering of 21215 working face 6 图 2-2 数值模拟计算模型图 9 Figure 2-2 Numerical simulation model diagram 9 图 2-3 21215 工作面形成时垂直应力云图 10 Figure 2-3 Vertical stress cloud diagram when the 21215 working face is ed 10 图 2-4 工作面垂直应力变化曲线图 10 Figure 2-4 Vertical stress curve of the working surface 10 图 3-1 沿空掘巷最小合理煤柱宽度 13 Figure 3-1 Minimu