城郊矿深部软岩巷道围岩损伤破坏机理及控制技术研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 城郊矿深部软岩巷道围岩损伤破坏机理 及控制技术研究 Research on Damage Mechanism and Control Technology of Deep Soft Rock Roadway in Chengjiao Mine 作 者权修才 导 师高明仕 教授 中国矿业大学 二Ｏ一七年四月 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51564004） 江苏省“青蓝工程”资助项目（JSQL20140207） 江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目PAPD 万方数据 中图分类号 TD353 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 城郊矿深部软岩巷道围岩损伤破坏机理 及控制技术研究 Research on Damage Mechanism and Control Technology of Deep Soft Rock Roadway in Chengjiao Mine 作 者 权修才 导 师 高明仕 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 矿山压力与岩层控制 答辩委员会主席 评 阅 人 二Ｏ一七年四月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学 位论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版 和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为 教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案 馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、 浏览。 另外， 根据有关法规， 同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 致致 谢谢 本研究及学位论文是在我的导师高明仕教授的亲切关怀和悉心指导下完成 的。没有高明仕教授的指引、鼓励以及帮助，论文不可能得以顺利完成。师从 三载，我收获丰厚。高明仕教授优秀的做人品质、严谨的治学态度、诲人不倦 的师德、高屋建瓴把握全局的能力和忘我的工作精神给我留下了深刻的印象， 也树起了我学习的标杆，将会一直鞭策我不断进步。在此，向高明仕教授表达 深深的敬意和感谢之情，祝高明仕教授工作顺利、身体健康、阖家幸福美满。 论文的构思和撰写期间得到了赵一超博士以及程志超、刘士杰、高晓君等 硕士的帮助。正是在他们的帮助下，我才能积累足够的素材，支撑着论文的撰 写。同样，也是大家的共同努力，营造了一个良好的学习氛围，让我在三年的 学习生涯中如沐春风、如痴如醉。在此，预祝每一位师兄弟前程似锦。 感谢中国矿业大学为我提供这样一个优美的环境、良好的氛围。三年来， 矿大的校训以及矿大品质已经深深印入我的骨髓；感谢矿业工程学院、煤炭资 源与安全开采国家重点实验室为我提供这样一个良好的平台；感谢矿业工程学 院各位领导默默的关心和爱护。在此祝愿中国矿业大学越办越好。 感谢城郊煤矿的各位领导、工程技术人员以及现场施工人员在实践中给予 的支持与配合。 在论文即将完成之际，我的心情无法平静，从开始进入课题到论文的顺利 完成，有多少可敬的师长、同学、朋友给了我无言的帮助，在这里请接受我诚 挚的谢意最后我还要感谢我的父母，谢谢你们感谢在我的成长过程中每一 位给过我关心、帮助、批评与指导的人。 最后，再次对关心、帮助我的老师和同学表示衷心地感谢感谢百忙中审阅 本文并参与论文答辩的各位教授、专家，期望得到更多的指导。 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 城郊煤矿二水平东翼轨道大巷所在岩层主要是泥岩与砂质泥岩等软弱岩层， 该岩层强度低、破碎以及泥化比较严重，属极难维护的软岩巷道。巷道底臌量 极大、围岩变形具有明显的时间效应，巷道底臌对外界扰动非常敏感，当巷道 受到外界应力扰动时， 底臌变形速度将急剧增长， 严重制约了煤矿的安全生产。 针对城郊矿二水平东翼轨道大巷的具体情况，运用理论分析、数值模拟和 工业性试验等相结合的方法， 研究了城郊矿二水平东翼轨道大巷损伤破坏机理， 提出了相应的控制技术，并将研究成果应用于城郊矿。主要研究成果如下 1） 城郊煤矿东翼轨道大巷具有明显的深部软岩特征 测试岩层岩性主要为 泥岩、砂质泥岩等，围岩强度较低，其抗压强度、内聚力、内摩擦角均较小； 岩石矿物成分测定表明，二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩以高岭石为主，岩样强度相 对较小，遇水容易发生塑性流变；围岩松动圈测试结果表明，二水平东翼轨道 大巷围岩松动范围较大，属于 IV、V 类大松动圈不稳定围岩。 2）建立了巷道围岩损伤力学分析模型，通过力学分析，得到了巷道围岩完 全弹性区、弹塑性损伤区以及完全损伤区应力与位移表达式，同时对塑性损伤 区半径影响因素进行分析，对于东翼轨道大巷这种力学性质的围岩，在巷道支 护初期就应该施加足够大的支护阻力同时采取注浆加固、 改善围岩的力学性质。 3） 运用 FLAC3D数值模拟软件建立了深部软岩巷道围岩损伤破坏机理分析 模型，分析了巷道围岩应力、变形及塑性区分布情况云图，可知巷道围岩变形 破坏比较严重，两个肩角和两个底角位置均以剪切破坏为主，巷道两帮表面中 间位置及顶底板表面中间位置破坏方式主要以拉伸破坏为主，因此，二水平东 翼轨道大巷围岩损伤破坏主要力学机理是拉伸和剪切破坏。 4）通过对三种支护方案进行对比模拟分析，分别从围岩位移分布特征、围 岩应力分布特征和围岩塑性破坏特征分析了巷道围岩稳定性。锚注支护使围岩 应力峰值向围岩内侧移近，增大了支护强度，使松散的岩石胶结成一体，增大 围岩的内摩擦力和粘结力，提高围岩的整体稳定性，有效的控制了围岩变形。 5）现场对城郊煤矿东翼轨道大巷支护后进行持续动态观测，结果表明锚 注支护后 90d 观测时间内，顶板下沉量为 40.1mm，底鼓量为 47.6mm，两帮移 近量为 55.4mm，围岩变形速率趋于零，围岩处于稳定状态；巷道顶板离层量 分别为 17.6mm、26.6mm，30d 左后时，离层量基本稳定；将锚注支护形式应 用于现场，巷道围岩变形得到了有效控制。 该论文有图 45 幅，表 20 个，参考文献 90 篇。 关键词关键词深部软岩；损伤破坏；锚注支护；数值模拟；工程实践 万方数据 II Abstract Chengjiao coal mine two-level east wing track roadway is mainly mudstone and sandy mudstone and other weak rock. The rock ation is low in strength, broken and muddy, and it is extremely difficult to maintain soft rock roadway. The deation of the surrounding rock is very obvious, and the deation of the surrounding rock has obvious time effect. The floor heave is very sensitive to the external disturbance. When the roadway is disturbed by external stress, the deation speed of the bottom plate will increase sharply, which seriously restricts the safe production of coal mine. This paper studies the damage and damage mechanism of the east wing track roadway of Chengjiao mine by using the s of field investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and industrial test, and puts forward the corresponding control technology for the specific situation of the east wing track roadway of Chengjiao mine. And the research results applied to Chengjiao mine. The main research results are as follows 1 There are obvious deep soft rock characteristics in the east wing track roadway of Chengjiao mine. The lithology of the test rock is mainly mudstone and sandy mudstone. The strength of the surrounding rock is low, and the compressive strength, cohesion and internal friction angle are small. The results show that the core rocks of the two level east wing track roadway are mainly kaolinite, and the rock specimen strength is relatively small and the plastic rheology is easy. The test results of the surrounding rock loosening circle show that the surrounding rock of the two level east wing track roadway loose range is large, belonging to IV, V large loose circle unstable rock. 2 The damage mechanics analysis of roadway surrounding rock is established. Through the mechanical analysis, the stress and displacement expressions of the fully elastic zone, elastoplastic damage zone and complete damage zone are obtained. At the same time, the influence factors of the radius of plastic damage area are analyzed. The mechanical properties of the surrounding rock in the early stage of the roadway support should be applied with sufficient support resistance and grouting reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock. 3 The analysis model of damage and failure mechanism of surrounding rock in deep soft rock roadway was established by using FLAC3D numerical simulation 万方数据 III software. The stress and deation of the surrounding rock and the distribution of plastic zone were analyzed. It was found that the deation and damage of roadway surrounding rock were serious. The two corners and the two corner positions are mainly shear damage, the middle position of the two surfaces of the roadway and the middle position of the surface of the roof and floor are mainly in the of tensile failure, so the two level east wing track roadway main mechanical of rock damage is tensile and shear failure. 4 Through the comparison and simulation analysis of three kinds of supporting s, the stability of roadway surrounding rock is analyzed from the characteristics of displacement distribution of surrounding rock, the stress distribution of surrounding rock and the plastic failure characteristics of surrounding rock. Bolting and grouting supports the peak of the surrounding rock to the inner edge of the surrounding rock, increasing the support strength, making the loose rock cement into one body, increasing the internal friction and cohesive force of the surrounding rock, improve the overall stability of the surrounding rock, effectively control the deation of the surrounding rock. 5 The continuous dynamic observation of the support in the east wing track roadway of the Chengjiao mine, the results show that the amount of roof sinking is 40.1mm and the bottom drum is 47.6mm and the two sides moved close is 55.4mm after 90d of anchor support, the deation velocity of the surrounding rock tends to be zero, and the surrounding rock is in steady state. The amount of the roof slab is 17.6mm, 26.6mm, and the amount of the separation is basically stable after 30d. The anchor is applied to the scene. Rock deation is effectively controlled. There are 45 pictures, 20 tables and 90 bibliographies in this paper . Key words Deep soft rock； damage； Bolt grouting support； Numerical simulation； Engineering practice 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要............................................................................................................................ I 目目 录录......................................................................................................................... IV 图清单图清单...................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单表清单......................................................................................................................... XI 变量注释表变量注释表 ............................................................................................................. XIII 1 绪论绪论............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ............................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ............................................................................................... 3 1.3 研究内容、方法及技术路线 ......................................................................... 12 2 城郊矿深部软岩巷道围岩物理力学特性城郊矿深部软岩巷道围岩物理力学特性 ............................................................. 15 2.1 围岩物理力学性质测试 ................................................................................. 15 2.2 围岩松动圈测试 ............................................................................................. 20 2.3 二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩特征 ..................................................................... 23 2.4 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 24 3 城郊矿二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩损伤破坏机理城郊矿二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩损伤破坏机理 ................................................. 26 3.1 二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩损伤力学分析 ..................................................... 26 3.2 二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩损伤应力与位移分析 ......................................... 28 3.3 二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩损伤破坏机理模拟分析 ..................................... 36 3.4 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 38 4 城郊矿二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩控制技术城郊矿二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩控制技术 ......................................................... 39 4.1 深部软岩巷道围岩控制基本原理 ................................................................. 39 4.2 二水平东翼轨道大巷围岩控制方案模拟 ..................................................... 41 4.3 三种支护方案的对比分析 ............................................................................. 47 4.4 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 50 5 工程实践工程实践 ................................................................................................................. 52 5.1 巷道概况 ......................................................................................................... 52 5.2 巷道支护参数 ................................................................................................. 54 5.3 矿压观测 ......................................................................................................... 57 5.4 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 64 万方数据 V 6 主要结论主要结论 ................................................................................................................. 65 参考文献参考文献 ..................................................................................................................... 67 作者简历作者简历 ..................................................................................................................... 73 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ................................................................................................. 74 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ......................................................................................................... 75 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ II Contents ..................................................................................................................... VI List of Figures ......................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ............................................................................................................. XI List of Variables ..................................................................................................... XIII 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Research Background and Significance ........................................................ 1 1.2 The Research Status at Home and Abroad ............................................................ 3 1.3 Research Contents s and Technology Roadmap ..................................... 12 2 Physical and Mechanical Properties of Surrounding Rock of Deep Soft Rock Roadway in Chengjiao Mine ................................................................................... 15 2.1 Physical and Mechanical Properties of Surrounding Rock ................................ 15 2.2 Loose Circle Measurement Technology of Surrounding Rock ........................... 20 2.3 Characteristics of Surrounding Rocks in Two Level East Wing Track Roadway23 2.4 Chapter Summary ............................................................................................... 24 3 Damage Mechanism of Surrounding Rock in Chengjiao Mine Two Level East Wing Track Roadway .............................................................................................. 26 3.1 Damage Mechanics Analysis of Surrounding Rock in Two Level East Wing Track Roadway ................................................................................................... 26 3.2 Damage Stress and Displacement Analysis of Surrounding Rock in Two Level East Wing Track Roadway .................................................................................. 28 3.3 Simulation Analysis of Surrounding Rock Damage and Failure Mechanism of Two Level East Wing Track Roadway ............................................................... 36 3.4 Chapter Summary ............................................................................................... 38 4 Control Technology of Surrounding Rock in Chengjiao Mine Two Level East Wing Track Roadway .............................................................................................. 39 4.1 Fundamental Principles of Surrounding Rock Control in Deep Soft Rock Roadway ............................................................................................................. 39 4.2 Simulation on Control Scheme of Surrounding Rock in Two Level East Wing Track Roadway ................................................................................................... 41 万方数据 VII 4.3 Comparative Analysis of Three Support Schemes ............................................. 47 4.4 Chapter Summary ............................................................................................... 50 5 Engineering Practice ............................................................................................... 52 5.1 Roadway Profile ................................................................................................. 52 5.2 The Supporting Parameters of Roadway ............................................................ 54 5.3 Ground Pressure Observation ..............................