浸盐地层液氮冻结温度场研究.pdf

硕士学位论文浸盐地层液氮冻结温度场研究 Study on theLiquid Nitrogen Freezing Temperature Field in Saline Soil 作者邓晓鹏导师岳丰田教授中国矿业大学二〇一六年五月万方数据中图分类号 TU942 UDC624 学校代码 10290 密级公开中国矿业大学硕士学位论文浸盐地层液氮冻结温度场研究 Study on theLiquid Nitrogen Freezing Temperature Field in Saline Soil 作者邓晓鹏申请学位工学硕士学科专业岩土工程答辩委员会主席郭永富导师岳丰田培养单位力学与建筑工程学院研究方向岩土特殊施工评阅人齐吉龙任彦龙二〇_六年五月万方数据学位论文使用授权声明本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书）。万方数据论文审阅认定书研究生邓晓鹏在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案的要求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学位论文，经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同，论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定，同意将本论文作为学位申请论文送专家评审。导师签字年月曰万方数据致谢光阴荏荐，转眼在矿大求学七年。这份论文完稿之际，标志着我和校园、和老师、和同学挥手告别之时。研究生3年的学习和生活，离不开导师岳丰田教授的悉心指导和无尽呵护，离不开父母家人对我的期待和守望，离不开同窗的互相帮助首先要感谢我的导师岳丰田教授，这篇论文是岳老师悉心指导下完成的，感谢老师在学习上、生活上以及择业就业上给我的无私帮助和指导。岳老师平易近人，学识渊博，风趣幽默。老师在学术上的严谨态度，在为人处世上的大儒风范，将会对我今后的工作和生活产生莫大的影响，必让我的一生受益。还要感谢课题组的张勇副教授、石荣剑副教授、陆路老师和孙猛老师。感谢张老师为我解开生活工作中的种种烦恼，感谢石老师为我试验和论文开展提供的宝贵的建议，感谢陆老师为我提供思维的火花，感谢孙老师在数值模拟上提供的支持。同样感谢岩土所的各位老师在本文撰写过程中给予的热情指导和帮助。感谢同学裴昌进、罗小松、胡兵和张文博，谢谢兄弟们的帮助、包容和关怀；感谢师弟黄建新、郝玉玉、纪玉田、杨炀和韩健泽在试验过程中给予的支持；感谢室友以及其他诸多同窗好友，谢谢你们给予我的鼓励，和你们在一起的时光总是让人难以忘怀。本文还要特别感谢中煤五建特凿处的领导和技术人员，在他们的帮助下，现场实测工作才能够顺利开展。最后，要谢谢二十余年一直爱我、支持我的家人，感谢他们给予了我生命的活力和追逐梦想的能力。衷心感谢给专家、教授和学者对本文的审阅和指导。万方数据摘要冻结法广泛地运用在矿井建设、基础建设、地下隧道、水利工程中，但是冻结管断裂导致的盐水泄露问题一直是国内外煤矿建设中的一大难题，被形象地誉为冻结法的“ 癌症” ，严重地影响冻结帷幕的稳定和安全。在盐水泄露的情况下，冻土的冰点降低，采用液氮超低温快速冻结的方法，可以顺利通过浸盐地层，保证施工安全。本文主要研宄了浸盐地层液氮冻结温度场的规律，对浸盐地层的安全施工有具有重要意义。首先，进行了浸盐地层冻土热工参数和力学参数的测量，主要测定了不同含盐量下冻土的结冰温度、导热系数、单轴抗压强度和弹性模量，总结了各参数在不同含盐量下的变化规律，并为后续的理论推导、数值模拟提供了必要的参数。其次，开展了温度场理论的研宄。目前常用的温度场理论公式都不考虑结冰温度低于 oc的情况。本文考虑了结冰温度对温度场的影响，利用 “温差叠加” 原理，在日本双孔冻结温度场公式的基础上，推导出了单排管冻结公式和双排管冻结公式，并将推导出的公式与巴霍尔金公式、特鲁巴克公式等常见温度场公式进行了对比，认为公式适用于结冰温度低于 0C 的单排和双排管温度场，能够在液氮冻结温度场中使用，且满足工程使用精度要求。然后，进行了物理模型试验。通过模拟双排管液氮冻结的情况，获得了浸盐地层液氮冻结方式下的温度分布情况，分析了液氮冻结管管壁温度变化规律，测量出了液氮冻结方式下冻土发展速度，对比了与盐水冻结温度场的异同，并总结了液氮冻结帷幕发展和解冻规律，为浸盐地层的冻结帷幕施工提供了建议。最后，通过数值模拟验证了理论公式和物理模型试验的准确性。用 ANSYS建立模型模拟液氮冻结温度场，将数值模拟得到的温度分布结果与理论计算结果对比；用 ANSYS 模拟了液氮冻结帷幕的发展和解冻规律，将结果与物理模型试验测量结果进行对比；最后将数值计算、理论公式和物理模型试验结果三者进行了综合分析，验证了数值模型的可用性和理论公式的适用性。本文有图116幅，表 30个，参考文献104篇。关键词浸盐地层，冻结法，液氮冻结，温度场理论公式 I 万方数据 Abstract Artificial ground freezing AGF is widely used in mine construction, foundation construction, underground tunnels, hydraulic engineering, but the fracture of freezing pipe has always been a difficult problem in vertical shaft mine construction, called as “cancer“ in the AGF, seriously affected the stability of the Frozen Curtain and security. In the case of brine leakage, the freezing point of frozen soil had been depressed. Using liquid nitrogen freezing , we can pass salt ation quickly to ensure construction safety. This paper is primarily research on the temperature field distribution by using liquid nitrogen as freezing way. It has a great significance and important reference value for the similar projects and to safety in construction. First of all, this paper conducted ation properties of saline frozen soil. The paper mainly determines the frozen soil freezing temperature of different salt content and thermal conductivity etc, also determine the unconfined compressive strength of different salt content and elastic modulus. Then summarizes the rules of the parameters under different salinity, and for subsequent theoretical derivation and numerical simulation provides the necessary parameters. Secondly, this paper conducted the research on the theory of the temperature field. At present, commonly used freezing temperature field ulas dont consider the freezing temperature is below 0C . This paper considers the effect of freezing temperature on temperature field. Combined with Japanese ula for two pipe freezing, utilizing the principle of Temperature Superposition, deduced the ula of a single row pipe and double row pipe. After verification, the ula is appropriate for liquid nitrogen freezing in the single row and double row, and meets the engineering accuracy requirements. Furthermore, this paper conducted the physical model test. By simulating of the double row pipe liquid nitrogen freezing, we get the freezing temperature field data, measure the development speed of frozen soil under liquid nitrogen freezing , This paper also analysis the pipe wall temperature distribution with the length of the liquid nitrogen freezing pipe, and sums up the rule of frozen wall defrost, and compare the similarities and differences with brine freezing temperature field, provides the leaching salt ation of freezing curtain construction suggestions. Finally, a numerical simulation model is established to simulate the accuracy of the physical test model research and theoretical ula. We build a ANSYS model to simulate the liquid nitrogen freezing temperature field, and compared with the theoretical calculation results; build a ANSYS model to simulate the development of the frozen soil and thawing law in by liquid nitrogen freezing, compared with physical model test measurement results. Finally the numerical calculation and theoretical ulas and physical model test results are analyzed, and validates the III 万方数据 availability of the numerical simulation model and the applicability of the theoretical ula. The paper has 116 figures, 30 tables, 104 references Kyewords saline soil, artificial ground freezing, liquis nitrogen freezing, freezing temperature field ulas IV 万方数据录摘要摘要....................................................................................................................................................I 目录目录...................................................................................................................................................V 图清单图清单................................................................................................................................................ IX 表清单表清单...............................................................................................................................................XV 变量注释表变量注释表....................................................................................................................................XVII 1 绪论绪论................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 课题研宄背景与问题的提出..............................................................................1 1.2 国内外研宄现状................................................................................................ 2 1.3 研宄内容............................................................................................................9 1.4 研宄方法与技术路线.........................................................................................9 2 浸盐地层冻土性质研究浸盐地层冻土性质研究.............................................................................................................11 2.1 浸盐土样的制作.............................................................................................. 11 2.2 浸盐冻土热工参数研宄 ...................................................................................13 2.3 浸盐冻土力学参数研宄 ...................................................................................20 2.4 本章小结..........................................................................................................23 3 浸盐地层冻结温度场理论浸盐地层冻结温度场理论........................................................................................................25 3.1 冻结温度场基本理论.......................................................................................25 3.2 浸盐冻土冻结温度场公式 ............................................................................... 26 3.3 冻结帷幕控制参数...........................................................................................35 3.4 叠加温度场公式研宄 .......................................................................................41 3.5 现场实测与算例分析.......................................................................................49 3.6 本章小结 ..........................................................................................................53 4 浸盐地层液氮冻结温度场模型试验研宄浸盐地层液氮冻结温度场模型试验研宄...............................................................................55 4.1 模型试验设计原理 ...........................................................................................55 4.2 相似准则推导..................................................................................................55 4.3 试验模化设计 ..................................................................................................56 4.4 模型试验系统..................................................................................................58 4.5 试验过程 ..........................................................................................................59 4.6 试验结果分析 ..................................................................................................61 V 万方数据 4.7 浸盐地层冻结温度场安全状态判断方法.........................................................74 4.8 本章小结..........................................................................................................75 5 数值模拟研宄数值模拟研宄............................................................................................................................. 77 5.1 有限元软件简介...............................................................................................77 5.2 数值模拟与理论计算对比................................................................................ 77 5.3 数值模拟与模型试验对比................................................................................82 5.4 数值模拟、模型试验与理论公式对比.............................................................89 5.5 本章小结.......................................................................................................... 91 6 结论与展望结论与展望..................................................................................................................................93 6.1 主要结论.......................................................................................................... 93 6.2 研宄展望..........................................................................................................94 参考文献参考文献.............................................................................................................................................95 作者简厉作者简厉...........................................................................................................................................100 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明......................................................................................................................101 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集..............................................................................................................................102 VI 万方数据 Contents Abstract................................................................................................................................................ I Contents...............................................................................................................................................V List of Figures...................................................................................................................................IX List of Tables....................................................................................................................................XV List of Variables..........................................................................................................................XVII 1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background of the Project and Raising the Issue..................................................1 1.2 Research Status..................................................................................................2 1.3 Research Contents.............................................................................................. 9 1.4 s and Technical Route..............................................................................9 2 Research of Permafrost Saline Frozen Soil...........................................................................11 2.1 Saline Soil Samples Production .........................................................................11 2.2 Research of Permafrost of Saline Frozen Soil ....................................................13 2.3 Mechanical parameters of saline frozen soil.......................................................20 2.4 Chapter Summary..............................................................................................23 3 Freezing Temperature Field Theory of Saline Frozen Soil...............................................25 3.1 The basic theory of freezing temperature field...................................................25 3.2 Temperature Field ula of Saline Frozen Soil...............................................26 3.3 Frozen Curtain control parameters .....................................................................35 3.4 Research of Japanese Temperature Field ula..............................................41 3.5 Field Measurement and Numerical Analysis ......................................................49 3.7 Chapter Summary.............................................................................................. 53 4 Experimental Study on Temperature Field of Liquid Nitrogen Freezing in Saline Frozen Soil Model...................................................................................................................................55 4.1 The Principles of Model Test Design................................................................. 55 4.2 Similar guidelines derivation .............................................................................55 4.3 Model Design ...................................................................................................56 4.4 Model Testing System.......................................................................................58 4.5 Experimental procedure....................................................................................59 4.6 Analysis of Test Results ....................................................................................61 VII 万方数据 4.7 Saline Frozen Temperature Field Safety State Determination ................. 74 4.8 Chapter Summary ............................................................................................. 74 5 Numerical Calculation Research............................................................................................77 5.1 Introduction to Finite Element Software.........................................