基于多源信息的深部巷道围岩锚固结构变形破坏全过程试验研究.pdf

博士学位论文 基于多源信息的深部巷道围岩锚固结构变形 破坏全过程试验研究 Study the Whole Process of Deation and Failure of Surrounding RockAnchorage Structure in Deep Roadway Based on Multi-source Ination 国家自然科学基金重点项目51734009资助 国家重点研发计划项目No.2017YFC0603001资助 作者朱栋 导师靖洪文 教授 中国矿业大学 二零一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所撰写的学 位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一， 学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学位论文的 部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版，可以使 用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为教学和科研目的，学校档案 馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校 内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规，同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名导师签名 年月日年月日 万方数据 中图分类号TD353学校代码10290 UDC624.1密级公开 中国矿业大学 博士学位论文 基于多源信息的深部巷道围岩锚固结构 变形破坏全过程试验研究 Study the Whole Process of Deation and Failure of Surrounding RockAnchorage Structure in Deep Roadway Based on Multi-source Ination 国家自然科学基金重点项目51734009资助 国家重点研发计划项目No.2017YFC0603001资助 作者朱栋导师靖洪文 申请学位工学博士培养单位力学与土木工程学院 学科专业桥梁与隧道工程研究方向 巷道围岩稳定性控制 答辩委员会主席王旭春评 阅 人盲审 二 0 一九年五月 万方数据 致谢致谢 本文是在靖洪文教授的悉心指导下完成的，从论文的选题、试验方案的制定到论文 的撰写无不凝聚着导师的心血，没有靖老师的指导、鼓励及支持鞭策，论文实乃难以完 成。师从靖老师近四载，收获颇丰，感触亦深靖老师严谨求实的治学态度、开拓创新 的研究精神、高屋建瓴把握全局的能力、诲人不倦的授业之道和优秀的做人品质，给学 生树立起潜移默化的典范作用，这也是导师传授给学生最宝贵的财富。靖老师不仅在学 术上给予无私的指导，在生活上也给予我极大的关心和帮助，值论文完成之际，谨向靖 老师表示崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢 论文选题过程中，得到了蒋斌松教授、韩立军教授、李元海教授、杨圣奇教授的指 导和帮助，在此表示衷心的感谢感谢陈坤福副教授在试验方案讨论中给予的帮助和生 活上的关照。感谢课题组苏海健副教授、孟波老师、尹乾老师、齐燕军老师在试验结果 分析及论文书写过程中的指导和帮助。 衷心感谢中国矿业大学安全工程学院王恩元教授、刘贞堂教授、李忠辉教授、刘晓 斐副教授、沈荣喜副教授、赵恩来老师在生活中的帮助和论文撰写中给予的鼓励指导 特别感谢中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室刘盛东教授、 王勃 副教授在试验过程中给予的帮助和指导 感谢河南理工大学丁书学老师、郑州大学杜明瑞老师、淮阴工学院张继华老师在论 文撰写方面给予的指导和帮助 感谢课题组韩观胜博士、高远博士、史新帅博士、赵振龙博士、王珂硕士、陈伟强 硕士、胡成果硕士、贺立新硕士、卜若迪硕士、胡涛硕士、李林林硕士、吴应杰硕士、 杜跃硕士、顾晓伟硕士、符光平硕士、周泽敷硕士、李峦硕士以及同窗陈淼博士、杨硕 博士、刘相如博士在试验过程中以及试验数据处理中给予的大力帮助。 感谢中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室李玉寿老师、 谢德文老 师在试验过程中给予的帮助和指导 感谢江苏建筑职业技术学院交通工程学院同事们的大力支持和帮助才使本论文撰 写得以顺利完成。 感谢口孜东矿领导和技术人员在工业性试验方面给予的大力帮助 感谢博士学习期间所有在学习、工作、生活中给予帮助的人，因篇幅有限，难以一 一提及，甚为遗憾 最后，衷心感谢父母、岳父母的支持、爱人王伶灵女士的理解与和付出，感谢女儿 默默带来的生活中的欢乐 感谢各位专家、教授在百忙中对论文的审阅与指教 万方数据 I 摘摘要要 随着煤矿开采深度的增加， 深部巷道围岩压力大导致锚固支护结构破坏现象非常普 遍，为此，本文针对深部巷道围岩不同锚固结构变形破坏的特点，在总结和吸取前人研 究成果基础上，结合国家自然科学基金重点项目“深部开采与巷道围岩稳定控制信息化 基础理论研究（51734009） ”和国家重点研发计划子课题（2017YFC0603001） “千米深 井强采动巷道围岩劣化与强度衰减规律” ，以安徽阜阳中煤新集能源口孜东煤矿-967m 水平西翼轨道大巷为研究对象，采用自主设计研制的“深部地下工程结构失稳全过程模 拟试验系统” ，并利用声、电、磁等多源地球物理信息监测技术，对未支护巷道和 3 种 不同锚固结构变形破裂演化失稳全过程进行了深入系统的研究。获得了未支护巷道和 3 种不同锚固结构荷载-位移全过程试验曲线，分析了锚固结构破裂演化过程和破坏特征， 揭示了锚固结构的承载性能和变形破坏机制， 提出了深部巷道围岩稳定控制机理与技术， 成功的进行了巷道围岩加固试验。主要研究内容及结论如下 （1）自主设计研制了“深部地下工程结构失稳全过程模拟试验系统”及预制复合 锚固结构制作模具， 开展了深部未支护巷道和 3 种不同锚固结构变形破坏演化全过程的 模型试验，获得了未支护巷道和 3 种不同锚固结构变形破坏全过程的荷载-位移曲线， 分析了锚固结构变形破坏全过程径向应力和切向应力的演化特征； 揭示了不同锚固结构 承载能力及其位移场的变化规律。 （2）物理模拟试验中利用声、电、磁等多源地球物理信息监测技术，获得未支护 巷道围岩和 3 种不同锚固结构受载变形破坏过程中的电磁辐射、 声发射和视电阻率的响 应及演化特征，提出了未支护巷道和不同锚固结构屈服强度的界定方法，揭示了多源信 息与巷道围岩不同锚固结构的荷载-位移耦合规律。 （3）基于巷道和锚固结构荷载位移试验全过程，建立了 3DEC 数值计算模型，开 展了未支护巷道和不同围岩锚固结构承载特性的研究， 系统分析了不同锚固结构变形破 坏全过程中的主应力以及破坏后的总位移矢量场， 获得了预制复合锚固结构弯矩演化规 律，揭示了巷道和锚固结构承载能力形成和变形破坏机理。 （4）分析了未支护巷道和预制复合锚固结构支护巷道围岩损伤特征，揭示了支护 强度对围岩稳定性影响作用机制；建构了锚杆（索）支护围岩锚固结构竖向位移减小量 Δu 理论分析模型；基于不同支护形式锚固结构荷载-位移曲线的回归方程，推导并建立 了不同锚固结构的承载强度计算模型，提出了锚固结构强度破坏判据；获得了不同支护 形式、参数和岩性对锚固结构竖向位移的影响规律。 （5）根据上述研究结论，构建了巷道“锚杆索与 U 型钢壁后充填协同耦合”整体支 万方数据 II 护的围岩稳定性控制技术， 优化分析了口孜东煤矿-967m 水平西翼轨道运输大巷两种支 护方案，支护强度和刚度得到了提升，解决了口孜东煤矿巷道难支护问题，验证了研究 结论的合理性和实用性。 该论文有图 136 幅，表 33 个，参考文献 191 篇。 关键词关键词多源信息；深部巷道；围岩锚固结构；荷载-位移曲线；变形破坏；试验研究 万方数据 III Abstract With the increase of coal mining depth, it is very common that high surrounding rock pressure in deep roadway leads to the failure of anchorage support structure. Therefore, this paper aims at the characteristics of deation and failure of different surrounding rock anchorage structures in deep roadway, and on the basis of summarizing and absorbing previous research results combining with the key project of national natural science foundation of China, “basic theoretical research on deep mining and roadway surrounding rock stability control inatization 51734009” and the sub-project of national key research and development plan 2017YFC0603001 “surrounding rock deterioration and strength attenuation law of strong mining roadway in a kilometer deep well”, taking Kou Zi dong coal mine of Zhong Mei Xin Ji energy source in Fu Yang, An Hui province as the research object, the first “whole process simulation test system for structural instability of deep underground engineering“ in China is adopted,in addition, the whole process of deation, fracture, evolution and instability of four kinds of anchorage structures was systematically studied by using acoustic emission, geoelectricity, electromagnetic radiation and other multi-source geophysical ination monitoring technologies,the whole-process test curves of load-displacement of 4 types of anchorage structures are obtained for the first time, the fracture evolution process and failure characteristics of the anchorage structure were analyzed, the bearing capacity and instability mechanism of the anchorage structure were revealed, the stability control mechanism and technology of surrounding rock in deep roadway were proposed, and the industrial test of roadway was successfully carried out. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows 1 Independently developed the “whole process simulation test system for structural instability of deep underground engineering” and the anchoring structure mold, model tests of the whole process of deation, fracture, evolution and instability of four types of anchorage structures in deep roadways were carried out, the load-displacement curves of the whole process of test for 4 kinds of different anchorage structures are obtained for the first time and the evolution characteristics of radial stress and tangential stress in the whole process of anchorage structure instability are analyzed; The variation rules of bearing capacity and displacement field of different anchorage structures are revealed. 2 Physical simulation experiment using AE, geoelectric, electromagnetic radiation and other multi-source ination monitoring technology of geophysics, obtain four different anchorage structure under load deation of roadway surrounding rock failure process of 万方数据 IV electromagnetic radiation, acoustic emission and apparent resistivity response and evolution characteristics, puts forward the supporting of roadway and not different anchorage structure definition of yield strength, reveals the multi-source ination of roadway surrounding rock and the load - displacement coupling law of different anchorage structure. 3 A 3DEC numerical calculation model is established based on the whole process of load displacement test of roadway and anchorage structure, the bearing characteristics of unsupported roadway and different surrounding rock anchorage structures were studied, the main stress in the whole process of deation and instability of different anchorage structures, the bearing evolution law of supporting structures and the total displacement vector field after failure were systematically analyzed, the rules of bending moment evolution of prefabricated composite anchorage structures are obtained and the mechanism of bearing capacity ation and failure and instability of roadway and anchorage structures is revealed 4The damage characteristics of unsupported roadway and prefabricated composite anchorage structure supporting roadway surrounding rock are analyzed, and the influence mechanism of supporting strength on surrounding rock stability is revealed;Based on the regression equation of load-displacement curve of anchorage structures with different supporting s, the load strength calculation model of different anchorage structures is derived and established, and the strength failure criterion of anchorage structures is proposed;The effects of different supporting s, parameters and lithology on vertical displacement of anchorage structures are obtained. 5 According to the above research conclusions, the surrounding rock stability control technology of “coordinated coupling of anchor cable and U-shaped steel wall thickness filling“ overall support is constructed, the key technical system for stability control of surrounding rock reinforcement with high strength and high stiffness in deep roadway is ed,two support schemes of -967m horizontal west wing rail transport roadway in Kou Zi dong coal mine are optimized and analyzed,the strength and stiffness of the support are improved, which solves the problem of roadway support in Kou Zi dong coal mine and verifies the rationality and practicability of the research conclusion. Keywords multi-source ination; deep roadway; surrounding rock anchorage structure; load-displacement curve; deation and fracture; experimental study There are 136 figures, 33 tables and191 references in this paper. 万方数据 V 目录 摘要摘要....I 目录目录...V 图清单图清单...........X 表清单表清单............XVIII 变量注释表变量注释表...........XXI 1 1 绪论绪论.1 1.1问题的提出及研究意义.......1 1.2 国内外研究现状分析.....2 1.3需要进一步研究的问题.....13 1.4主要研究内容与创新点.....13 2 2 深部地下工程结构失稳全过程试验系统研制及试验方法深部地下工程结构失稳全过程试验系统研制及试验方法.......17 2.1深部地下工程结构失稳全过程模拟试验系统研制.........17 2.2模型设计制作.....23 2.3相似材料选择.....26 2.4模型巷道围岩应力场测试方法.........31 2.5试验模型制作过程.........34 2.6本章小结.....36 3 3 围岩锚固结构荷载围岩锚固结构荷载- -位移全过程试验研究位移全过程试验研究.....37 3.1试验方案.............37 3.2预制复合锚固结构模具研制及试验过程.....40 3.3巷道开挖过程中围岩应力演化规律.....42 3.4 围岩锚固结构变形破坏全过程荷载-位移曲线...48 3.5 围岩锚固结构变形破坏过程中围岩应力演化规律....50 3.6围岩锚固结构变形破坏过程中围岩表面位移场演化特征.....54 3.7围岩锚固结构变形破坏演化过程.....59 3.8围岩锚固结构破坏机制及模式.....64 3.9本章小结.....68 4 围岩锚固结构变形破坏过程中多源信息响应围岩锚固结构变形破坏过程中多源信息响应.......69 4.1围岩锚固结构变形破坏全过程电磁辐射响应特征.....69 4.2围岩锚固结构变形破坏全过程声发射响应特征.....72 万方数据 VI 4.3围岩锚固结构变形破坏过程中视电阻率响应特征.........75 4.4多源信息融合的围岩锚固结构变形破坏监测预警模型.....84 4.5本章小结.....88 5 深部巷道深部巷道围岩锚固结构变形破坏机理数值模拟研究围岩锚固结构变形破坏机理数值模拟研究......89 5.13DEC数值模拟软件简述...............89 5.2数值计算模型力学参数校核.....91 5.3离散元和有限元数值计算结果验证分析.........96 5.4数值计算结果分析.......100 5.5本章小结.......117 6 深部巷道围岩锚固结构深部巷道围岩锚固结构承载变形破坏承载变形破坏综合分析综合分析.....120 6.1未支护和预制复合锚固结构巷道围岩损伤分析...............................................120 6.2 深部巷道围岩锚固结构承载变形破坏理论分析.....123 6.3 围岩锚固结构承载变形破坏敏感性影响因素分析.........131 6.4 本章小结.....137 7 工程应用工程应用 ...139 7.1 工程概况..139 7.2 数值模型建立.....140 7.3 支护方案对比分析.....142 7.4 支护效果.....153 7.5 本章小结.....154 8 结论与展望结论与展望.....155 8.1主要研究结论.......155 8.2研究展望.......157 参考文献参考文献159 作者简历作者简历171 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明............................................................................................................172 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集....................................................................................................................173 万方数据 VII ContentContent Abstract..III Content......VII List of figures...........X List of tables..........XVIII List of variabes........XXI 1Introduction....1 1.1 Problem Posing and Research Significance.1 1.2 Research Actualities.2 1.3 Issues to be further studied.....13 1.4 Main research content and innovation13 2 Development and test of the whole process test system for structural instability of deep underground engineering...17 2.1 Development of whole process simulation test system for structural instability of deep underground engineering......17 2.2 Physical test model design and fabrication........23 2.3 Selection of similar materials.....26 2.4 Test for stress field of surrounding rock of model roadway..31 2.5 The making process of physical model..34 2.6 Chapter Conclusion36 3 The whole process test study of load-displacement of surrounding rock anchorage structure......37 3.1 Test programme design.......37 3.2 Development and experimental process of precast composite anchorage structure mold..40 3.3 Stress evolution of surrounding rock during roadway excavation.42 3.4 Load-displacement curve of roadway surrounding rock anchorage structure in the whole process of instability.....48 3.5 The law of stress evolution of surrounding rock during the instability of roadway surrounding rock anchorage structure..50 3.6 The evolution characteristics of the displacement field of the surrounding rock surface during the instability of the chamber and anchorage structure54 万方数据 VIII 3.7 The instability evolution process of deep tunnel chamber and surrounding rock anchorage structure....59 3.8 The mechanism and failure mode of the anchorage structure in the chamber and surrounding rock..64 3.9 Chapter Conclusion....68 4 Multi-source ination response in the process of surrounding rock anchorage structure failure......69 4.1 Electromagnetic radiation response characteristics of roadwaysurrounding rock anchorage structure in the whole process of instability...69 4.2 Acoustic emission response characteristics of roadway surrounding rock anchorage structure during instability....72 4.3 The response characteristics about apparent resistivity of surrounding rock anchorage structures during deation and failure....75 4.4 Monitoring and warning model of surrounding rock anchorage structure deation and failure with multi-source ination fusion.......84 4.5 Chapter Conclusion....88 5 Numerical simulation of instability mechanism of deep tunnel