深井高应力软岩巷道底臌破坏机理与控制技术研究.pdf
分类号分类号 TD353 密密 级级公公 开开 U D C. .单位代码单位代码 10424 学学 位位 论论 文文 深井高应力软岩巷道底臌破坏机理与控制深井高应力软岩巷道底臌破坏机理与控制 技术研究技术研究 胡金坦胡金坦 申请学位级别申请学位级别硕士学位硕士学位 专业专业名名称称 岩土工程岩土工程 指导教师姓名指导教师姓名林林 登登 阁阁 .职职 称称 教教 授授 山山 东东 科科 技技 大大 学学 二零一八年五月二零一八年五月 万方数据 论文题目论文题目 深井高应力软岩巷道底臌破坏机理与控制深井高应力软岩巷道底臌破坏机理与控制 技术研究技术研究 作者姓名作者姓名 胡金坦胡金坦 入学时间入学时间 2015 年年 9 月月 专业名称专业名称 岩土工程岩土工程 研究方向研究方向 矿山地下工程矿山地下工程 指导教师指导教师 林登阁林登阁 职职 称称 教教 授授 论文提交日期论文提交日期2018 年年 5 月月 论文答辩日期论文答辩日期2018 年年 6 月月 授予学位日期授予学位日期 万方数据 STUDY ON BREAKING MECHANISM AND CONTROL COUNTERMEASURES OF FLOOR HEAVE IN DEEP HIGH STRESS ROADWAY A Dissertation ted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY from Shandong University of Science and Technology by Hu Jintan Supervisor Professor Lin Dengge College of Civil Engineering and Architecture May 2018 万方数据 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文,除所列参考文献和世所本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文,除所列参考文献和世所公公 认的文献外,全部是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。除文中已经认的文献外,全部是本人攻读学位期间在导师指导下的研究成果。除文中已经 标明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研标明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研 究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。 本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 若有不实之处,本人愿意承担相关法律责任。若有不实之处,本人愿意承担相关法律责任。 硕士生签名硕士生签名 日日 期期 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所本人完全了解山东科技大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理。 作为申请学位的条件之一,作为申请学位的条件之一,学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其学校有权保留学位论文并向国家有关部门或其 指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版;有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入指定机构送交论文的电子版和纸质版;有权将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入 有关数据库发表,并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版;允许学有关数据库发表,并可以以电子、网络及其他数字媒体形式公开出版;允许学 校档案馆和图书馆保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫校档案馆和图书馆保留学位论文的纸质版和电子版,可以使用影印、缩印或扫 描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;为教学和科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文;为教学和科研目的,学校档案馆和图书馆 可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内 师生阅读、浏览。师生阅读、浏览。 (保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权)(保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权) 硕士生签名硕士生签名 导师签名导师签名 日日 期期 日日 期期 万方数据 学位论文审查认定书学位论文审查认定书 研究生研究生 胡金坦胡金坦 在规定的学习年限内,按照培养方案及个人培养计划,在规定的学习年限内,按照培养方案及个人培养计划, 完成了课程学习,成绩合格,修满规定学分;在我的指导下完成本学位论文,完成了课程学习,成绩合格,修满规定学分;在我的指导下完成本学位论文, 论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文撰写格式符合学校的相关论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同,论文撰写格式符合学校的相关 规定,同意将本论文作为申请学位论文。规定,同意将本论文作为申请学位论文。 导师签名导师签名 日日 期期 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 I 摘摘 要要 随着我国煤炭资源的不断消耗,煤矿开采伴随着深度的增加大多要经历“三 高一扰”的复杂地质环境,在浅部开采中,具有坚硬岩石特征的岩体进入深部开 采后相继表现出地压高、变形大、支护难等软岩的力学特性。主要原因是在高 地应力下宏观上表现出软弱岩石的破碎,弱化,松散,流变,膨胀和强烈蚀变 等特征。在软岩巷道中的底臌问题也变得更加突出。底臌现象一旦发生就会使 得巷道断面减小,底板隆起会严重的阻碍煤矿生产和安全。现有的理论和技术 并不能完全解决深部高应力软岩巷道的围岩稳定问题,尤其是底臌问题,因此 研究深部高应力软岩巷道底臌的产生机理、影响原因和稳定性控制对策具有非 常重要的实际意义。 以郭屯矿深部高应力软岩巷道的底臌问题和巷道的失稳为工程背景,通过 岩石试件的岩样分析和物理力学试验、地应力测试、松动圈探测和数值模拟等 手段,分析了深部软岩巷道失稳破坏原因,确定了支护参数,通过方案对比确 定了具体的支护方案。具体分析了深部软岩巷道的力学特征及其变化规律。通 过对围岩塑性区的分析结合软弱围岩所具有的弹塑性特点,揭示了围岩塑性区 的发展规律,研究深部高应力软岩巷道底臌稳定性控制对策。 主要工作和结论有利用理论分析的方法,对深部巷道底臌产生机理进行 分析,得出造成巷道出现底臌破坏的主要方式、变形特性和变形破坏机理。利 用 FLAC3D数值模拟分析不同影响因素对于深部巷道底臌产生的影响规律,并 通过实验进行分析。针对郭屯矿软岩巷道出现的底臌问题,提出了反底拱和锚 注联合支护防治方案,通过数值模拟支护方案的位移、应力和塑性区得出的数 据对比,证明了支护方案合理可行,有效地解决了高应力软岩的大变形及流变 问题,确保了巷道的长期稳定。 关键词关键词深井高应力软岩;底臌机理;数值模拟;反底拱;锚注联合控制 技术 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 II Abstract With the continuous depletion of coal resources in China, most of the coal mining will experience a complex geological environment of “three highs and one disturbance” along with the increase in depth. In shallow mining, rock bodies with hard rock features show up high rock pressure, large deation, support difficulties and other soft rock mechanical properties after deep mining. The main reason is that under the high ground stress the broken rocks, weakening, looseness, rheology, swelling, and strong alterations are displayed macroscopically. Bottom heave in soft rock roadways has also become more prominent. Once the bottom snaking phenomenon occurs, the roadway cross-section will be reduced, and the uplift of the floor will seriously impede the production and safety of the coal mine. The existing theories and techniques cannot completely solve the problem of stability of surrounding rock in deep high stress soft rock tunnels, especially the bottom heave problem. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the mechanism of the ation of bottom sill in deep high-stress soft rock roadway, the reason of its influence, and the stability control measures. Based on the engineering background of the bottom collapse of high stress soft rock roadway and the instability of the roadway in the deep of the Guotun Mine, through rock sample analysis and physico-mechanical testing through rock samples, in-situ stress testing, loosening circle detection and numerical simulation, the causes of instability and damage in the deep soft rock roadway are analyzed, the supporting parameters are determined, and specific support schemes are determined through comparison of the schemes. The mechanical characteristics and its changing rules of the deep soft rock roadway are analyzed in detail. By analyzing the plastic zone of surrounding rock and combining the elastoplastic characteristics of soft surrounding rock, the law of development of the plastic zone of surrounding rock is revealed, and the control of the stability of the bottom heave in deep high-stress soft rock roadway is studies. The main work and conclusions are as follows By means of theoretical analysis, the mechanism of the bottom sill in deep roadway was analyzed, and the main way to cause bottom smash damage in the roadway, deation characteristics and deation and failure 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 III mechanism were obtained. The FLAC3D numerical simulation was used to analyze the influence of different influencing factors on the depth of the roadway in the deep roadway and analyzed by experiment. In order to solve the problem of the bottom rock in the soft rock roadway in Guotun Mine, a control plan for the combined support of anti-bottom arch and anchoring was proposed. By numerically simulating the data obtained from the displacement, stress and plastic zones of the supporting scheme, it was proved that the support scheme was reasonable and feasible, effectively solving the large deation and rheological problems of high-stress soft rock, and ensuring the long-term stability of the roadway. Keywords Deep well high stress soft rock; Bottom heave mechanism; Numerical simulation; Anti-bottom arch; Anchor injection combined control technology 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ......................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ....................................................................................................... Ⅳ 1 绪绪 论论 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 课题的提出 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 巷道底臌国内外研究现状 .................................................................................. 3 1.3 课题研究内容及技术路线 .................................................................................. 8 2 巷道围岩物理力学性质分析及地应力测试巷道围岩物理力学性质分析及地应力测试 .................................... 10 2.1 巷道围岩的矿物成分分析 ................................................................................ 10 2.2 巷道围岩的力学性质分析 ................................................................................ 11 2.3 软岩的膨胀性和流变性 .................................................................................... 12 2.4 井底车场地应力测试 ........................................................................................ 14 2.5 小 结 .................................................................................................................. 19 3 深井高应力软岩巷道底臌破坏机理及底臌量计算深井高应力软岩巷道底臌破坏机理及底臌量计算 ........................ 20 3.1 巷道底臌破坏机理 ............................................................................................ 20 3.2 深井高应力软岩巷道围岩破坏准则 ................................................................ 20 3.3 深井高应力软岩巷道围岩稳定性分析 ............................................................ 22 3.4 深井高应力软岩巷道底臌量计算 .................................................................... 25 3.5 小 结 .................................................................................................................. 29 4 工程案例分析工程案例分析 ..................................................................................... 30 4.1 工程概况 ............................................................................................................ 30 4.2 巷道底臌控制技术 ............................................................................................ 37 4.3 支护方案设计原则与支护技术可行性分析 .................................................... 40 4.4 支护方案的确定 ................................................................................................ 43 4.5 小 结 .................................................................................................................. 45 5 数值模拟分析数值模拟分析 ..................................................................................... 46 5.1 数值模拟软件 .................................................................................................... 46 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 V 5.2 数值模型建立 .................................................................................................... 47 5.3 数值模拟结果分析 ............................................................................................ 50 5.4 支护效果数据曲线分析 .................................................................................... 57 5.5 小 结 .................................................................................................................. 60 6 结论与展望结论与展望 ......................................................................................... 61 6.1 结 论 .................................................................................................................. 61 6.2 展 望 .................................................................................................................. 62 参考文献参考文献 ................................................................................................. 63 致致 谢谢 ..................................................................................................... 69 攻读硕士期间主要成果攻读硕士期间主要成果 ......................................................................... 70 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ..................................................................................... 71 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 VI Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ I Contents .................................................................................................................... Ⅳ 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Raising of Project ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Present Situation of the Research about Floor Heave in Roadway ........................................... 3 1.3 Research Contents and Technology Roadmap .......................................................................... 8 2 Analysis on physical and mechanical properties of roadway surrounding rock and its in-situ stress test ........................................................................................... 10 2.1 Analysis of Mineral Composition of Surrounding Rock in Roadway ..................................... 10 2.2 Mechanical Proterty of Surrounding Rock in Roadway .......................................................... 11 2.3 Swelling and Rheology of Soft Rock ...................................................................................... 12 2.4 Wellsite vehicle stress testing .................................................................................................. 14 2.5 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................................... 19 3 The Calculation of Deep Soft Rock Roadway Floor Heave Failure Mechanism and Floor Heave ....................................................................................................... 20 3.1 The failure mechanism of roadway floor heave ...................................................................... 20 3.2 The failure criterion of surrounding rock ................................................................................ 20 3.3 The deation characteristics of surrounding rock in deep soft rock chamber .................... 22 3.4 Calculation of soft rock roadway floor heave amount ............................................................. 25 3.5 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................................... 29 4 Engineering Case .................................................................................................. 30 4.1 Project overview ...................................................................................................................... 30 4.2 Control technology of roadway floor heave ............................................................................ 37 4.3 Supporting principles and design support technical analysis .................................................. 40 4.4 Determination of support plan ................................................................................................. 43 4.5 Chapter Summary .................................................................................................................... 45 5 Numerical Simulation Analysis ........................................................................... 46 5.1 Numerical simulation software ................................................................................................ 46 万方数据 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 目录 VII 5.2 Numerical model create ........................................................................................................... 47 5.3 Simulation analysis of support programme ............................................................................. 50 5.4 Data curve analysis of support effect....................................................................................... 57 5.5 Chapter Summary ...............................................................................