矿用混凝土搅拌装置的研究.pdf

硕士学位论文 矿用混凝土搅拌装置的研究 Study on the Concrete Mixing Device for Mine 作 者郭进彬 导 师李艾民 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一五年五月 万方数据 中图分类号 TD55 学校代码 10290 UDC 643 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 矿用混凝土搅拌装置的研究 Study on the Concrete Mixing Device for Mine 作 者 郭进彬 导 师 李艾民 教授 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 机电学院 学科专业 机械设计及理论 研究方向 矿山机械 答辩委员会主席 张德坤 评 阅 人 二○一五年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学 位论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版 和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为 教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案 馆、图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、浏览。另外，根据有关法规， 同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 郭进彬 在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案 的要求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成 本学位论文，经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认 同，论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定，同意将本论文作为学位申 请论文送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致谢致谢 本论文所开展的研究工作是在导师李艾民教授的悉心指导下完成的，从论 文的选题、文献查阅到论文的写作等都倾注着导师辛勤的汗水。三年以来，导 师不断给我学业上的指导、生活上的关心和工作上的帮助。导师孜孜以求的工 作精神和异常严谨的治学态度，将永远激励着我自强不息。值此成文之际，特 此向导师致以最崇高的敬意、最真挚的感谢和最美好的祝愿。 论文从初稿到定稿，孟德远老师付出了辛勤劳动。科研中，孟老师常常帮 我解决一些具体的问题，及时提供一些参考意见，并几次与我讨论论文的研究 方向。此外，孟老师勤奋的工作精神和精益求精的科研态度深深地激励着我， 在此向孟老师致以诚挚的感谢和崇高的敬意。 本论文的顺利完成，也得益于实验室各位的大力支持和帮助，在此由衷地 表示感谢。论文完成过程中还得到钱森博士的帮助，在此向他表示衷心的感谢。 感谢我的家人和亲友，多年来在精神、物质和生活上给予我的帮助和支持。 感谢论文中引用文献的作者所提供的理论和方法。 最后，感谢各位专家和学者在百忙之中审阅我的论文，并提出宝贵的指导 意见和建议。在此谨向各位专家和学者表示深深的谢意 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 煤矿锚喷支护时由于单机作业，配套性不强，难以形成支护机械化作业， 严重影响着锚喷支护质量和井巷掘进速度。因此，研制能实现取料、送料、搅 拌和喷射等工序一次性完成的混凝土湿喷成套设备组具有重要的现实意义。而 矿用混凝土搅拌装置作为混凝土湿喷成套设备的重要组成部分，起到承接取料 机和湿喷机的作用，它的主要功能是高效而有质量地完成混凝土的搅拌以及向 湿喷机供料。基于矿井环境使用的特殊性及与其他设备的配套，本文设计了一 种结构紧凑，集上料、搅拌、出料功能于一体的单卧轴强制式混凝土搅拌装置。 基于系统功能要求，首先确定了矿用混凝土搅拌装置的总体设计方案；其 次，对搅拌主机的主要参数进行了选取；最后，利用 ANSYS 软件对搅拌机构的 不同受力工况进行了静强度校核，结果表明所设计的搅拌机构满足静力学要求。 根据矿井巷道的空间尺寸要求，首先对搅拌装置中变幅机构的结构尺寸进 行了详细设计，通过分析影响变幅上料机构工作性能的因素，建立了上料变幅 油缸变幅力幅值波动最小化的数学优化模型， 利用 MATLAB 软件对其进行了求 解，从而最终得到变幅上料机构中最优化的铰点位置参数；其次，利用 ADMAS 软件对搅拌装置进行了运动学仿真及对其上料过程中的变幅驱动力进行了动态 仿真验证，可知搅拌装置能够实现顺利地上料和出料，上料机构在满足上料功 能的前提下，变幅力波动幅值得到了优化，进一步验证了优化的合理性。 通过对影响搅拌装置搅拌性能的主要参数进行理论分析，最终得出搅拌速 度和叶片安装角参数的取值范围；针对强制式搅拌机存在的搅拌低效区现象， 通过添加小搅拌叶片的方式来实现搅拌低效区的消除，并通过设置对比实验， 利用 FLUENT 软件分别对其流场进行了仿真，结果表明小叶片的添加对于搅拌 低效区的消除具有一定的作用。 在煤矿井下进行了矿用混凝土搅拌装置的工业性实验，实验结果表明搅拌 装置能够实现顺利的上料和出料功能以及与其它设备实现了良好的匹配；通过 混凝土搅拌性能实验验证了该装置具有良好的搅拌性能，所搅拌的混凝土满足 煤矿井下混凝土的喷射要求。 论文中共有图 66 副，表 12 个，参考文献 84 篇。 关键词关键词混凝土搅拌装置；优化设计；运动学仿真；搅拌参数；流场仿真 万方数据 III Abstract Since the stand-alone operation and poor compatibility, it is difficult for the coal shotcrete support to be mechanized. This condition has a severe influence on the quality of the shotcrete support and the tunnel excavation. Accordingly, designing a concrete spraying equipment group which combines all the functions together including reclaiming, feeding, mixing and spraying has a profound and far reaching significance. As a important part of the equipment group, the concrete mixer connects the reclaimer and concrete spraying machine effectively, its main function is to complete concrete mixing with high quality and feed spraying machine effectively. Considering the special environment of the coal mine and the compatibility between devices, this paper designs a compulsory concrete mixer with single horizontal shaft, which has a compact structure and sets feeding, mixing and outfeed functions in the integration. Firstly, the paper completes the overall design of the mining concrete mixer under the consideration of the system functional requirements; Secondly, the main parameters of the mixing host are selected; Lastly, launch the static strength analysis of the mixing mechanism at different stress conditions using finite element analysis software ANSYS, the results show that the mixing mechanism meets the requirements of statics. According to the mining tunnel space size requirements, the paper determines the main parameters of the mixer in the luffing mechanisms firstly, establishs the minimized mathematical optimization model of the luffing force amplitude fluctuations through analysing the factors which affect the working perace of the luffing mechanism, obtains the optimized location parameters in hinge points lastly by using MATLAB software. The kinematics simulation of the mixer and dynamic simulation of the luffing force are launched by using the software ADAMS. The results show that the concrete mixer achieves a success on feeding and outfeeding. On the otherhand, it indicates that the feeding mechanism could satisfy the basic feeding function, and luffing force is optimized, all those verify the reasonableness of the optimization furtherly. Reasonable ranges of the mixing speed and the blade angle parameters are obtained by implementing theoretical analysis of the main parameters which affect the mixer perance. Mixing inefficient zone is eliminated through adding a group of small mixing blades which the compulsory mixer has inherently, then the 万方数据 IV simulation of the flow field is carried out by setting comparative experiments using FLUENT software. Results show that the adding of the small mixing blade is useful to the elimination of the mixing inefficient zone phenomenon. The industrial experiments of the mining concrete mixer are conducted in coal mine, it shows that the mixer achieves a success on feeding and outfeed, and the mixer achieves a good match with other devices in operation. By conducting the mixing perance experiment, the result shows that the concrete mixer has a perfect mixing perance, the concrete meets requirements of the concrete spraying finally. The paper has 66 figures, 12 tables and 84 references. Keywords concret mixer; optimal design; kinematics simulation; mixing parameters; flow field simulation 万方数据 V 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ............................................................ I 目目 录录 ............................................................ V 图清单图清单 ........................................................... IX 表清单表清单 ......................................................... XIII 变量注释表变量注释表 ....................................................... XV 1 绪论绪论 ............................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ................................................. 1 1.2 混凝土搅拌装置的研究现状 ....................................... 2 1.3 矿用混凝土搅拌装置总体方案的确定 ............................... 8 1.4 课题主要研究内容 ............................................... 9 1.5 本章小结 ...................................................... 10 2 矿用混凝土搅拌装置搅拌主机的设计及研究矿用混凝土搅拌装置搅拌主机的设计及研究 ......................... 11 2.1 搅拌主机的主要结构设计与研究 .................................. 11 2.2 搅拌轴卡料工况下的受力分析及设计校核 .......................... 16 2.3 搅拌机构的强度有限元分析 ...................................... 19 2.4 本章小结 ...................................................... 25 3 矿用混凝土搅拌装置变幅机构的研究矿用混凝土搅拌装置变幅机构的研究 ............................... 26 3.1 搅拌装置变幅机构主要参数的确定 ................................ 26 3.2 基于 MATLAB 变幅上料机构的优化设计 ........................... 30 3.3 基于 MATLAB 数学模型的求解及其结果分析 ....................... 34 3.4 矿用混凝土搅拌装置的运动学仿真及分析 .......................... 35 3.5 本章小结 ...................................................... 43 4 矿用混凝土搅拌装置搅拌性能的研究矿用混凝土搅拌装置搅拌性能的研究 ............................... 44 4.1 搅拌叶片安装角的理论分析 ...................................... 44 4.2 搅拌装置搅拌速度的理论分析 .................................... 47 4.3 搅拌低效区的消除研究 .......................................... 51 4.4 基于 FLUENT 搅拌低效区消除的仿真验证 ......................... 55 万方数据 VI 4.5 搅拌低效区流场仿真对比试验分析 ................................ 57 4.6 本章小结 ...................................................... 65 5 矿用混凝土搅拌装置的工业性实验矿用混凝土搅拌装置的工业性实验 ................................. 66 5.1 实验方案的制定 ................................................ 67 5.2 功能性实验 .................................................... 68 5.3 效率匹配性实验 ................................................ 70 5.4 混凝土搅拌性能实验 ............................................ 72 5.5 本章小结 ...................................................... 75 6 结论与展望结论与展望 ..................................................... 76 6.1 结论 .......................................................... 76 6.2 展望 .......................................................... 76 参考文献参考文献 ......................................................... 79 作者简历作者简历 ......................................................... 83 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ............................................... 85 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ................................................... 87 万方数据 VII Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................... I Contents ................................................................................................................... VII List of Figures ............................................................................................................ IX List of Tables ........................................................................................................... XIII List of Variables....................................................................................................... XV 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background and Significance ................................................................................. 1 1.2 Research Status of Mining Concrete Mixing Device.............................................. 2 1.3 Overall Solution Design of the Mining Concrete Mixing Device .......................... 8 1.4 The Content of the Project Research ...................................................................... 9 1.5 Summary ............................................................................................................... 10 2 Design and Research on the Mining Concrete Mixing Device Host .................. 11 2.1 The Main Structural Design and Research of the Mixer Host .............................. 11 2.2 Stress Analysis and Design Verification of the Mixing Shaft under Condition of Stuck ........................................................................................................................... 16 2.3 Finite Element Analysis of the Strength on the Mixing Mechanism .................... 19 2.4 Summary ............................................................................................................... 25 3 Research on the Luffing Mechanism of the Mining Concrete Mixing Device . 26 3.1 Determine of Main Parameters on the Luffing Mechanism of the Mixing Device ..................................................................................................................................... 26 3.2 Optimization Design of Luffing Mechanism Based on MATLAB ....................... 30 3.3 The Solution of Mathematical Model and Result Analysis Based on MATLAB . 34 3.4 Kinematics Simulation and Analysis of the Minning Concrete Mixing Device ... 35 3.5 Summary ............................................................................................................... 43 4 Study on the Mixing Perance of the Mining Concrete Mixing Device ...... 44 4.1 The Theoretical Analysis of the Blade Installation Angle .................................... 44 4.2 Theoretical Analysis of the Mixing Speed ............................................................ 47 万方数据 VIII 4.3 Study on the Elimination of the Mixing Inefficient Zone ..................................... 51 4.4 The Simulation Verification Based on FLUENT of the Inefficient Zone Elimination ........................................................................................................ 55 4.5 Comparative Test Analysis of the Flow Field Simulation Based on Fluent ......... 57 4.6 Summary ............................................................................................................... 65 5 Industrial Experiment of the Mining Concrete Mixing Device ................. 66 5.1 The Establishment of the Experiment Scheme ..................................................... 67 5.2 Functional Experiments ........................................................................................ 68 5.3 The Efficiency Matching Experiment ................................................................... 70 5.4 Concrete Mixing Perance Experiment .......................................................... 72 5.5 Summary ............................................................................................................... 75 6 Conclusion and Prospect ....................................................................................... 76 6.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 76 6.2 Prospect ................................................................................................................. 76 References .................................................................................................................. 79 Author’s Resume ....................................................................................................... 83 Declaration of Thesis Originality ............................................................................ 85 Thesis Dissertation Data Collection ......................................................................... 87 万方数据 IX 图清单图清单 图序号 图名称 页码 图 1-1 煤矿井下混凝土喷射工艺流程图 1 Figure 1-1 Process chart of the concrete spraying in coal mine 1 图 1-2 不同搅拌机工作原理图 4 Figure 1-2 Working principle of different types of concrete mixing devices 4 图 1-3 典型强制式搅拌机 4 Figure 1-3 Typical compulsory mixers 4 图 1-4 双卧轴振动搅拌机结构示意图 7 Figure 1-4 Structure diagram of twin-shaft mixer vibrating 7 图 1-3 矿井巷道结构示意图 8 Figure 1-3 Schematic diagram of the mine tunnel 8 图 1-4 矿用混凝土搅拌装置总体结构示意图 9 Figure 1-4 The overall structure of the mining concrete mixing equipment 9 图 2-1 搅拌筒结构示意图 13 Figure 2-1 Schematic diagram of the mixing drum structure 13 图 2-2 单卧轴搅拌臂正反排列示意图 14 Figure 2-2 Reciprocal arrangement of the single horizontal shaft mixing arms 14 图 2-3 搅拌机构模型图 15 Figure 2-3 The mixing mechanism model 15 图 2-4 搅拌轴受力示意图 17 Figure 2-4 Force distributing diagram of the mixing shaft 17 图 2-5 搅拌机构三维实体模型图 19 Figure 2-5 3D model of mixing mechanism 19 图 2-6 搅拌机构的网格模型图 19 Figure 2-6 Grid of mixing mechanism 19 图 2-7 主搅拌叶片卡料工况的变形云图 20 Figure 2-7 Deation nephogram of the mixing blade under the condition of stuck 20 图 2-8 主搅拌叶片卡料工况的应力云图 21 Figure 2-8 Stress nephogram of the main mixing blade under the condition of stuck 21 图 2-9 右搅拌侧叶片卡料时的变形云图 21 Figure 2-9 Deation nephogram of the right mixing blade under the condition of stuck 21 图 2-1