极近距离煤层固体充填开采控制井筒采动变形机理研究.pdf

国家重点研发计划（2018YFC0604700） 国家杰出青年科学基金（51725403） 硕士学位论文 极近距离煤层固体充填开采控制井筒采动 变形机理研究 Study on Deation Control Mechanism of Shaft under Solid Backfilling Mining in Ultra Close Multiple-seams 作 者张升 导 师张吉雄 教授 中国矿业大学 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 学位论文使用授权声明学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解中国矿业大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意本人所 撰写的学位论文的使用授权按照学校的管理规定处理 作为申请学位的条件之一，学位论文著作权拥有者须授权所在学校拥有学 位论文的部分使用权，即①学校档案馆和图书馆有权保留学位论文的纸质版 和电子版，可以使用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编学位论文；②为 教学和科研目的，学校档案馆和图书馆可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在档案 馆、 图书馆等场所或在校园网上供校内师生阅读、 浏览。 另外， 根据有关法规， 同意中国国家图书馆保存研究生学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书） 。 作者签名 导师签名 年 月 日 年 月 日 万方数据 中图分类号 TD823 学校代码 10290 UDC 622 密 级 公开 中国矿业大学 硕士学位论文 极近距离煤层固体充填开采控制井筒采动 变形机理研究 Study on Deation Control Mechanism of Shaft under Solid Backfilling Mining in Ultra Close Multiple-seams 作 者 张升 导 师 张吉雄 申请学位 工学硕士 培养单位 矿业工程学院 学科专业 采矿工程 研究方向 绿色开采 答辩委员会主席 柏建彪 评 阅 人 盲评 二〇一九年五月 万方数据 论文审阅认定书论文审阅认定书 研究生 张升 在规定的学习年限内，按照研究生培养方案的要 求，完成了研究生课程的学习，成绩合格；在我的指导下完成本学 位论文，经审阅，论文中的观点、数据、表述和结构为我所认同， 论文撰写格式符合学校的相关规定，同意将本论文作为学位申请论 文送专家评审。 导师签字 年 月 日 万方数据 致谢致谢 本论文是在 张吉雄张吉雄 教授的悉心指导下完成的。张老师的指导、鼓励及资 金上的大力支持确保了本论文的顺利完成。 在我研究生就读期间， 张吉雄老师精益求精的治学态度、 严谨的工作作风， 让学生受益匪浅，也是学生可以终生享用的财富。值此毕业之际，谨向我的导 师致以最真挚的敬意和谢意。 回顾在矿大这三年的生活，不禁感慨万千。三年来感谢那些陪我在办公室 埋头苦干，在煤矿现场挥汗如雨，在闲暇时光嬉戏打闹的朋友，你们的存在让 我这三年回忆满满。同时也感谢不断勉励我的师兄们，你们的教诲让我受益良 多，你们的宽容让我倍感亲切。能进入固体充填采煤课题组这个大家庭里，我 感到很幸运，我无时不刻不感受到大家的关心和照顾，让我度过了最快乐而又 短暂的研究生生涯。 在此，特意感谢课题组师兄弟在本论文选题直至完成期间给与的指导和帮 助。感谢黄艳利老师、周楠老师、李猛老师、张强老师、邓雪杰老师对论文布 局结构的建议；感谢孙强博士、孟国豪博士在论文修改方面给予的帮助；感谢 闫浩博士、齐文跃博士在研究生生涯对我学术上的指导和鼓励，在项目参与工 作上对我的督促和指导； 感谢刘恒凤博士、 王佳奇博士在力学分析方面的协助； 感谢陈俊丽硕士在绘图方面的协助，感谢课题组师弟师妹在文献查阅方面的协 助。 感谢父母在我求学期间的培养、呵护、鼓励和支持，是您的默默付出使我 能够全心的投入学习中，您的勤劳朴实、乐观开朗一直陪伴和鼓励着我，尽管 读书越多离家越远，但是心却是离您越来越近你们是我不断前行的动力 感谢南屯矿相关领导在工程项目方面给予的协助。 衷心感谢矿业工程学院领导和老师们三年来在学习和生活上给予的关心、 鼓励和帮助。 感谢本论文所引用文献的作者，感谢所有帮助和关心我的人。 最后，感谢在百忙之中评审、答辩本论文并提出宝贵意见的各位专家。 万方数据 I 摘摘 要要 为满足工广保护煤柱回收同时保证矿井安全生产的需要，本文以回收兖矿 集团南屯煤矿工业广场保护煤柱为工程背景，采用物理模拟、力学分析、数值 模拟等方法，系统研究了固体充填开采控制井筒采动变形规律及机理。通过物 理模拟分析了固体充填和垮落法回收保护煤柱过程中井筒主要变形形式并基于 此建立采动影响下井筒受力模型，得到井筒的受力计算公式和充填区域各处临 界充实率。采用数值模拟手段分析了极近距离煤层充实率控制井筒采动变形的 规律为选择南屯矿极近距离煤层合理充实率方案提供依据。最后根据力学分析 和数值模拟结果进行充实率方案的工程设计，并对充填方案下井筒变形进行预 计分析。论文主要取得以下几方面的研究成果 （1）通过建立极近距离煤层采动下的充填和垮落物理相似模型，对比分析 两种开采条件下的井筒运移规律、变形特征、应力变化特征，揭示了充填开采 控制井筒变形的机理。 （2）根据井筒在采动过程中的变形特征，建立了相对应的力学模型，并基 于采动影响在岩体内部的传播规律和“等价采高”理论，推导出充填开采条件下 井筒附近位移场、变形场和应力场的表达式和固体充填控制井筒变形的临界充 实率表达公式。 （3）采用 ABAQUS 数值模拟软件，研究了不同充实率方案下井筒采动变 形规律与应力分布特征，揭示了上下煤层充实率协同控制井筒变形的规律，为 极近距离煤层充填开采控制井筒变形的充实率设计提供了重要的理论依据。 （4）在优化设计充实率方案基础上，采用基于概率法的软件预计分析该方 案下井筒各埋深处的变形情况。通过预计变形结果得到井筒竖向压缩变形最大 值为 1.85mm/m，井筒倾斜变形最大值为 0.35mm/m，均未超过井筒设防标准。 该论文有图 38 幅，表 15 个，参考文献 117 篇。 关键词关键词固体充填；井筒变形；极近距离煤层；充实率；变形预计 万方数据 II Abstract In order to meet the needs of protecting coal pillar recovery and mine safety, based on the protection of coal pillars in nantun coal mine industrial square, this paper systematically studies the deation rule and control mechanism of shaft under backfilling mining by means of physical simulation, mechanical analysis and numerical simulation.Firstly, the main deation and failure s of the shaft in the process of recovery and protection of coal pillar by backfilling and collapse are analyzed by physical simulation.Through numerical simulation,the rule of controlling shaft deation by compression ratio of ultra close multiple-seams coal seam is analyzed. Finally, according to the mechanical analysis, the critical enrichment ratio and numerical simulation control shaft deation rule under Nantun backfilling condition are obtained.In order to test the feasibility of the backfilling scheme, the deation of the shaft under the scheme is predicted and analyzed. In this paper, some research results have been obtained for Nantun coal,which are mainly reflected in the following aspects 1Based on the physical similarity model of backfilling and caving under repeated mining of ultra close multiple-seams, the flow law, deation characteristics and stress variation characteristics of shaft under two mining conditions were compared and analyzed, the mechanism of controlling shaft deation was revealed. 2According to the deation characteristics of the shaft in the process of mining, the corresponding mechanical model is established, based on the propagation law of the mining influence in the interior of the rock mass and combined with the theory of “equivalent mining height” for backfilling mining. The expression of displacement field, deation field and stress field of rock mass under backfilling mining condition and the mechanical calculation ula of the critical enrichment ratio of deation of shaft controlled by backfilling are deduced 3Using ABAQUS numerical simulation software, the characteristics of shaft deation and stress distribution under different enrichment rates were studied, and the law of coordinated control of shaft deation in the upper and lower coal seams was revealed. It provides an important theoretical basis for the design of the enrichment rate of shaft deation control in coal seam backfilling mining. 万方数据 III 4On the basis of the optimal design enrichment rate scheme, a probabilistic is used to predict the shaft deation under the scheme to verify the numerical simulation results. The maximum value of vertical compression deation of the shaft is 1.85 mm/m and the maximum of tilt deation of the shaft is 0.35 mm/m, which does not exceed the shaft fortification standard. There are 38 pictures, 15 tables, and 117 references. Key words solid backfilling; shaft deation; ultra close multiple-seams; Compression ratio; deation forecasting 万方数据 IV 目目 录录 摘摘 要要 ................................................................................................................................... I 目目 录录 ................................................................................................................................ IV 图清单图清单 ............................................................................................................................. VIII 表清单表清单 ................................................................................................................................ XI 变量注释表变量注释表 ....................................................................................................................... XII 1 绪论绪论 ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 主要研究内容与方法 ..................................................................................................... 7 1.4 研究的主要成果 ............................................................................................................. 8 2 固体充填开采控制井筒变固体充填开采控制井筒变形物理模拟形物理模拟 ............................................................................ 9 2.1 物理相似模型的构建 ..................................................................................................... 9 2.2 覆岩及井筒运移规律 ................................................................................................... 13 2.3 井筒采动应力分布规律 ............................................................................................... 21 2.4 固体充填控制井筒变形分析 ....................................................................................... 23 2.5 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 24 3 固体充填开采控制井筒变形力学分析固体充填开采控制井筒变形力学分析 ......................................................................... 26 3.1 采动影响在岩体内部的传播规律 ............................................................................... 26 3.2 固体充填开采立井井筒受力分析 ............................................................................... 27 3.3 充填控制井筒变形临界充实率判别 ........................................................................... 30 3.4 案例分析 ....................................................................................................................... 32 3.5本章小结 ........................................................................................................................ 35 4 充实率控制井筒变形规律充实率控制井筒变形规律 ............................................................................................. 36 4.1 数值模拟参数确定 ....................................................................................................... 36 4.2极近距离煤层充实率控制井筒变形规律 .................................................................... 39 4.3极近距离煤层充实率协同控制井筒变形机理 ............................................................ 48 4.4 本章小结 ....................................................................................................................... 49 5 工程设计及井筒变形预计工程设计及井筒变形预计 ............................................................................................. 50 5.1工广区域概况 ................................................................................................................ 50 万方数据 V 5.2充实率设计及控制流程 ................................................................................................ 52 5.3预计方法及参数选择 .................................................................................................... 53 5.4变形预计结果 ................................................................................................................ 55 5.5本章小结 ........................................................................................................................ 56 6 结论与展望结论与展望 ...................................................................................................................... 58 6.1 主要结论 ....................................................................................................................... 58 6.2 展望 ............................................................................................................................... 59 参考文献参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 60 作者简历作者简历 ............................................................................................................................. 67 学位论文原创性声明学位论文原创性声明 ......................................................................................................... 69 学位论文数据集学位论文数据集 ................................................................................................................. 70 万方数据 VI Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................ II Contents ............................................................................................................................. VI List of Figures ................................................................................................................. VIII List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... XI List of Variable ................................................................................................................. XII 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Research Background and Significance ........................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Status at Home and Aboard .............................................................................. 2 1.3 Main Research Contents and s ............................................................................ 7 1.4 Main Research Results ..................................................................................................... 8 2 Physical Simulation of Control Shaft Deation in Backfilling Mining .................. 9 2.1 Construction of Physical Similar Model .......................................................................... 9 2.2 Law of Overburden and Shaft Migration ....................................................................... 13 2.3 Distribution Law of Mining Stress in Shaft ................................................................... 21 2.4 Control Mechanism of Shaft Deation in Solid Backfilling Mining ....................... 23 2.5 Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................... 24 3 Mechanical Analysis on Controlling Shaft Deation in Backfilling Mining ....... 26 3.1 The Law of Propagation in Rock Mass Affected by Mining ......................................... 26 3.2 Stress Analysis of Shaft under Solid Backfilling ........................................................... 27 3.3 Identification of Critical Compression Ratio of Shaft Deation under Backfilling Control .............................................................................................................. 30 3.4 Case Analysis of Nantun ................................................................................................ 32 3.5 Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................... 35 4 The Law of Shaft Deation Controlled by Compression Ratio ............................ 36 4.1 Numerical Simulation Parameter Determination ........................................................... 36 4.2 The Law of Shaft Movement Controlled by Compression Ratio in Ultra Close Multiple-seams ..................................................................................................................... 39 4.3 Movement Mechanism of Shaft Coordinated Controlled by Ultra Close Multiple-seams Compression Ratio ..................................................................................... 48 万方数据 VII 4.4 Chapter Summary .......................................................................................................... 49 5 Engineering Design and Shaft Deation Forecasting ............................................ 50 5.1 Area Profile of Industrial Plaza ...................................................................................... 50 5.2 Compression Ratio Design and Control Process ........................................................... 52 5.3 Model of Deation Forecasting and Forecasting Parameters .................................. 53 5.4 Forecasting Results of Deation .............................................................................. 55 5.5 Chapter Summary ...............